潜水面变动的空间四面体单元网格自动生成方法

提出了一种由平面三角网格自动生成三维空间四面体单元网格的方法,其基本思路是将含水层平面分成三角形单元网格,将每个三角形沿垂直方向对应一个三棱柱,作为最初的三棱柱;依次将每个三棱柱按照潜水面位置和分层信息划分成不同数目的四面体,从而生成三维空间四面体单元网格。剖分结果表明,此方法综合考虑了潜水面的位置和各含水层顶底板的起伏情况,能够简洁地生成层面起伏的空间四面体网格,特别适用于刻画潜水面波动、含水层顶底板起伏和存在透镜体或岩性缺失等含水层结构复杂的情况下,自动地剖分并生成单元信息,为三维计算的实现奠定了基础。     

百色盆地东部坳陷百岗组沉积特征与两侧构造活动的不同步性

通过详细研究百岗组沉积相发育特征，将三角洲进行不同类型划分，认为百色盆地东部坳陷的南北两侧分别发育两套不同的沉积体系。沉积响应完整地记录了构造活动情况，在百岗早中期，盆地南部构造抬升强烈，北部构造相对稳定，三角．洲强烈向北西方向进积：百岗晚期，南部构造活动相对稳定，北部构造发生了强烈抬升。南部三角洲在百岗期表现为“发育-发展-稳定-萎缩”的一个完整的演化旋回特点，而北部扇三角洲则体现为“稳定-进积”的过程。整个盆地构造活动在百岗期表现出了两侧构造运动明显的不同步性。     

SH波对无限介质土中衬砌结构的动应力集中

运用复变函数法和保角映射法对无限介质土中的衬砌结构进行分析.通过引入两个势函数将弹性介质的控制方程解耦成两个Helmholtz方程.利用所得势函数的通解,得到无限土介质和衬砌结构的位移和应力的表达式,利用无限介质与衬砌结构之间的连续性条件和衬砌结构内边界上的边界条件,可确定波函数展开式中的末知系数,并给出动应力集中系数的数值结果.     

龙首二级面板堆石坝三维真非线性地震反应分析和评价

基于土石料三维粘弹塑性动力本构模型,并采用新型三维各向异性有厚度薄单元来模拟面板和堆石的接触面特性,建立了高面板堆石坝地震反应分析的三维真非线性动力分析方法.利用坝料动力特性的大型三轴试验成果,分析计算了龙首二级(西流水)面板堆石坝的地震反应,主要包括加速度反应、堆石体应力反应及坝体单元抗震安全系数、面板应力反应和变形及接缝位移、高趾墙动力反应等.为大坝的抗震设计提供了有力的技术依据.     

北京怀柔长园花岗杂岩体岩石学和构造变形特征及其地质意义

本文描述北京北部燕山地区怀柔长园杂岩体及围岩构造变形迹象 ,并对其成因进行了初步分析。认为中、晚侏罗世时期构造应力场的变化是杂岩体内岩石构造变形的主要因素 ,并以此为根据为该地区燕山期构造 岩浆事件序列的建立提供部分证据。     

Seismic image of the deep crust at the eastern margin of the Alps (Austria): indications for crustal extension in a convergent orogen

A 39-km-long deep seismic reflection profile recorded during two field campaigns in 1996 and 2002 provides a first detailed image of the deep crust at the eastern margin of the Eastern Alps (Austria). The ESE–WNW-trending, low-fold seismic line crosses Austroalpine basement units and extends approximately from 20 km west of the Penninic window group of Rechnitz to 60 km SSE of the Alpine thrust front.The explosive-source seismic data reveals a transparent shallow crust down to 5 km depth, a complexly reflective upper crust and a highly reflective lowermost crust. The upper crust is dominated by three prominent west-dipping packages of high-amplitude subparallel reflections. The upper two of these prominent packages commence at the eastern end of the profile at about 5 and 10 km depth and are interpreted as low-angle normal shear zones related to the Miocene exhumation of the Rechnitz metamorphic core complex. In the western portion of the upper crust, east-dipping and less significant reflections prevail. The lowermost package of these reflections is suggested to represent the overall top of the European crystalline basement.Along the western portion of the line, the lower crust is characterised by a 6–8-km-thick band of high-amplitude reflection lamellae, typically observed in extensional provinces. The Moho can be clearly defined at the base of this band, at approximately 32.5 km depth. Due to insufficient signal penetration, outstanding reflections are missing in the central and eastern portion of the lower crust. We speculate that the result of accompanying gravity measurements and lower crustal sporadic reflections can be interpreted as an indication for a shallower Moho in the east, preferable at about 30.5 km depth.The high reflectivity of the lowermost part of the lower crust and prominent reflection packages in the upper crust, the latter interpreted to represent broad extensional mylonite zones, emphasises the latest extensional processes in accordance with eastward extrusion.     

Geochronology and petrogenesis of the post-orogenic Cu–Ni sulfide-bearing mafic–ultramafic complexes in Jilin Province, NE China

Northeastern (NE) China is a well-documented example of a collisional zone characterized by widespread post-orogenic granites and mafic–ultramafic complexes. Based on a study of the Hongqiling and Piaohechuan Cu–Ni sulfide-bearing mafic–ultramafic complexes in central Jilin province, we present geological, petrological, geochemical and geochronological data which indicates their post-orogenic origin.The Hongqiling complex comprises pyroxenite, olivine websterite, lherzolite, gabbro and leucogabbro. Zircon U–Pb SHRIMP analyses on a leucogabbro of the Hongqiling complex yield a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb–²³⁸U age of 216±5 Ma. The Piaohechuan complex is composed of gabbro, pyroxenite and dolerite, exposed as dikes. A plagioclase-bearing pyroxenite has a U–Pb zircon weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb–²³⁸U age of 217±3 Ma, identical to that of the Hongqiling complex. These ages are coeval with the emplacement of A-type granites in the area, but slightly younger than the regional metamorphism (240 Ma) and syn-orogenic granitic magmatism (246±4 Ma). This suggests that these mafic–ultramafic complexes are post-orogenic in origin. The age data also indicated a short period of lithospheric stabilization of about 30 Ma after cessation of orogenic activity.Geochemical investigation indicates that the primary mafic magma was a lithospheric mantle-derived basalt resulting from the upwelling of asthenosphere due to lithospheric delamination during post-orogenic processes. The magmatic source was contaminated by a small amount of crustal material, and subsequent crystal fractionation resulted in the Cu–Ni mineralization.The widespread occurrence of mafic–ultramafic complexes in the Xing'an–Mongolian Orogenic Belt of NE China and in the Altay–Tianshan–Junggar Orogenic Belt of Northern Xinjiang indicates that mafic intrusions are an important magmatic suite that evolved during post-orogenic processes. Portions of this mafic magma could have underplated the lower crust, and served as the heat source for associated late-stage granitic magmas.     

Geochemistry of Early Cretaceous Alkaline Ultramafic-Mafic Complex from Jasra, Karbi Anglong, Shillong Plateau, Northeastern India

An early Cretaceous alkaline ultramafic-mafic complex is emplaced within the Proterozoic rocks of Shillong plateau at Jasra, Karbi Anglong district of Assam. It is associated to the fracture system of Barapani-Tyrsad shear zone, Kopali faults, and Um Ngot lineaments and mainly comprises pyroxenite, gabbro and nepheline syenite. Few small mafic dykes, emplaced within pyroxenitic and granitic plutons, are also reported. No such dyke is reported to cut gabbros or nepheline syenites. Nepheline syenites occur either in the form of small dykes in pyroxenites or as differentiated bodies in the gabbros. Mineralogical and chemical composition of pyroxenite and gabbro clearly indicate their affinity to the alkaline magmatism. Syenitic samples show miaskitic character (agpaitic index <1), also indicates affinity with alkaline-carbonatite magmatism. Calcite is encountered in a number of pyroxenite samples. From the presented petrological and geochemical data it is difficult to establish any significant genetic relationship through simple differentiation process between these rocks. These data probably suggest that these rocks are derived from a primary carbonatite magma, generated by the low-degree melting of a metasomatized mantle peridotite. CO₂ released by this process also progressively metasomatizes the lherzolite to an alkaline wehrlite and melts derived from alkaline wehrlite (ultrabasic alkaline silicate magma) may be responsible for crystallization of Jasra alkaline ultramafic-mafic rocks.     

Deformation History of the Kunavaram Complex, Eastern Ghats Belt, India: Implications for Alkaline Magmatism Along the Indo-Antarctica Suture

The Kunavaram alkaline complex is a NE-SW trending elongate body located along a major lineament, the Sileru Shear Zone (SSZ) that is regarded as a Proterozoic suture related to Indo-Antarctica collision. The complex is hosted within migmatitic quartzofeldspathic gneisses, mafic granulites retrogressed to amphibolites, and quartzites. The structural evolution of the country rocks and the alkaline complex are similar. The first phase of deformation, D₁, produces a pervasive segregation banding (S₁) in all rock units within and outside the complex. A second deformation phase D₂ isoclinally folded S₁ along subvertical axial planes with shallow plunging axes. F₂ isoclinal folds are ubiquitous in the country rocks and the eastern extremity of the complex. In the interior of the alkaline body, D₂ strain decreases and S₁ is commonly subhorizontal. While amphibolite to granulite facies conditions prevailed during deformation, post-D₂ annealing textures testify to persisting high grade conditions. In the west, a NNE-SSW trending dextral shear zone with strike-slip sense (D₃) truncates the complex. Within this shear zone, quartzofeldspathic country rocks are plastically deformed, while hornblende-K-feldspar assemblages of the complex are retrogressed to biotite and plagioclase. Warping related to D₃ shears also resulted in fold interference patterns on the subhorizontal S₁ foliation in low D₂ strain domains. Based on its steep dip, north-easterly trend, and non-coaxial nature with dextral strike-slip sense, the D₃ shear zone can be correlated with the SSZ. Since this shear zone, i.e., the SSZ, is not associated with primary igneous fabrics and resulted in solid state deformation of the complex, it cannot be considered as a conduit for alkaline magmatism, but is probably responsible for the post-tectonic disposition of the pluton.     

复杂环境条件下深基坑综合支护措施的应用

北京某交易中心一期基坑工程属大型深基坑工程，各种地下管线和地上建(构)筑物复杂，介绍了针对其复杂环境条件的综合支护措施的设计思路与实际应用效果。