消光法反演腾格里沙漠地区沙尘气溶胶谱分布

对腾格里沙漠4～9月份的整层大气气溶胶的光学遥感观测结果进行了分析。结果表明,由于消光因子对大粒径粒子消光效应的不敏感性,决定了消光法仅可较好地反演粒径在0.1～5μm之间的气溶胶谱分布特征,特别是对0.1～1μm的大粒子谱分布的反演结果更为稳定;腾格里沙漠气溶胶粒度谱分布基本符合Junge谱;浮尘天气的谱分布同干洁晴好天气的谱分布有着很大的差异,浮尘天气下粒径在0.1～1.0μm的大粒子以及粒径>1.0μm的巨粒子数有明显的增加,浓度要比干洁天气下的大几个量级。在干洁晴好天气下,腾格里沙漠的气溶胶是均一的、稳定的,而且>1μm的大粒子浓度很小;气溶胶的谱分布几乎是一致的,谱形大致为Junge谱,在粒度0.4～1.0μm范围内有一明显峰值。     

Species Abundance Distribution Patterns of a Toona ciliata Community in Xingdoushan Nature Reserve

With the goal of model fitting species abundance distribution patterns of the tree, shrub and herb layers of the natural Toona ciliata community in Xingdoushan Nature Reserve, Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province, we used the data collected from the field survey and employed different ecological niche models. The models tested were the broken stick model (BSM), the overlapping niche model (ONM) and the niche preemption model (NPM), as well as three statistic models, the log-series distribution model (LSD), the log-normal distribution model (LND) and the Weibull distribution model (WDM). To determine the fitted model most suitable to each layer, the fitting effects were judged by criteria of the lowest value of Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Chi-square and the K-S values with no significant difference (P>0.05) between the theoretical predictions and observed species abundance distribution values. The result showed: (1) The fitting suitability and goodness of fit of the tree, shrub and herb layers by using the three ecological niche models were ranked as: NPM>BSM>ONM. Of the three statistical models, by accepting the fitting results of the three layers, WDM was the best fitting model, followed by LND. By rejecting the fitting tests of the herb layer, LSD had the worst fitting effect. The goodness of the statistical models was ranked as: WDM>LND>LSD. In general, the statistical models had better fitting results than the ecological models. (2) T. ciliata was the dominant species of the tree layer. The species richness and diversity of the herb layer were much higher than those of either the tree layer or the shrub layer. The species richness and diversity of the shrub layer were slightly higher than those of the tree layer. The community evenness accorded to the following order: herb>shrub>tree. Considering the fitting results of the different layers, different ecological niche models or statistical models with optimal goodness of fit and ecological significance can be given priority to in studying the species abundance distribution patterns of T. ciliata communities.     

柴达木盆地石炭系地球物理特征及解释

柴达木盆地具有丰富的油气资源,柴北缘、柴西、粜东三湖地区分别以侏罗系、古近系、新近系和第四系为主要勘探目的层.随着北疆石炭系研究的进展和钻探的成功,石炭系已经成为中国西部地区重要的勘探层系,柴达木盆地的石炭系也引起了勘探家的注意,地面地质调查表明石炭系为柴达木盆地一套潜在烃源岩.为了落实石炭系在柴达木盆地内的分布,笔者充分利用近10年来在柴达木盆地及周缘完成的重、磁、电等资料进行了针对石炭系的资料解释、剥层反演和综合研究,明确了石炭系的分布特征,为柴达木盆地石炭系油气勘探指明了方向.     

Magmatic Sulfide Ni-Cu Deposits in China

Deep-seated magmatic liquation-injection deposits form a major type of magmatic sulfide deposit in China. The reserves of nickel and copper in this type of deposit may attain several hundred thousand tons (e.g.Hongqi 7 and Karatunggu) to nearly ten million tons (e.g.Jinchuan). Those deposits can be classified as large or superlarge deposits. The ore grade is relatively high, commonly with w(Ni)＞1 %.The mineralized intrusions are small in size, generally only 0.0n km2 to 0.n km2, with the largest one not exceeding a few km2. Before intruding, the primary magmas have undergone liquation and partial crystallization at depth; as a result, the magmas have partitioned into barren magma, ore-bearing magma, ore-rich magma and ore magma, which then ascended and injected into the present locations once or multiple times, to form ore deposits. The above-mentioned mineralizing process is known as deep-seated magmatic liquation-injection mineralization. The volume of the barren magma is generally much larger than those of the ore-bearing magma, ore-rich magma and ore magma. In the ascending process, most of the barren magma intruded into different locations or outpoured onto the ground surface, forming intrusions or lava flows. The rest barren magma, ore-bearing magma, ore-rich magmaand ore magma may either multiple times inject into the same place in which rocks and ores are formed or separately inject into different spaces to form rocks and ores. Such deep-seated magmatic liquation-injection deposits have a much smaller volume, greater ore potential and higher ore grade than those of in-situ magmatic liquation deposits. Consequently, this mineralizing process leads to the formation of large deposits in small intrusions.     

龙岩地区商品房共有建筑面积分摊模型的探讨

针对共有建筑面积的分摊问题,依据《房产测量规范》(GB/T17986-2000)和国家、地方相关规定,通过规划行政审批的房屋结构功能和共有建筑面积分摊的级别,提出了共有建筑面积计算分摊的方法及其模型,并通过一个综合楼分摊实例进行了详细阐述。     

合浦县暴雨气候特征及成因分析

利用合浦县台站1971—2010年40a暴雨观测资料,分析了暴雨日数的年际变化、年代际变化和暴雨季节分布特征,分析得出,合浦县暴雨日数呈上升趋势,且上升幅度明显;暴雨主要集中分布在5-9月,以7月份出现暴雨、大暴雨及特大暴雨日数最多。合浦县特殊的地理位置和地形特点有利于暴雨天气的形成和发展,影响暴雨的最主要天气系统为锋面、高空槽、切变线、急流、热带气旋等。     

兰州市主城区房价分异及驱动因素研究

以2021年兰州市主城区678个居住小区房价数据为基础,引入地理场模型量化影响房价的外部因素,通过空间自相关分析、多尺度地理加权回归等模型对房价分异的空间格局及驱动因素的作用机理、带宽差异展开研究,以期为推动河谷型城市房产市场的公平发展提供参考。结果表明:(1)兰州市主城区平均房价为13739元·m^-2,空间上呈现“一主三副”的带状多中心组团式分布格局,房价由多中心向四周递减,价格相似的小区在地理空间上邻近分布,具有“小集中、大分散”的局部空间特征。(2)房价分异是多种驱动因素共同作用的结果,区位特征中的主商圈对房价的影响居于首位,建筑特征中的房龄、容积率和邻里特征中的中学数量、绿化率等对房价的影响较大,城市地理特征对房价具有显著影响,愈靠近黄河的小区、房价越高。(3)各驱动因素的带宽差异明显,主商圈、医院等小尺度变量存在高度空间异质性,而容积率、黄河等全局变量基本不存在空间异质性。     

地面塌陷及地裂缝的成因及防治——葫芦岛市南票区及连山区矿产开采引起的地质灾害

由于大规模地开发矿产资源及频繁的经济活动,使葫芦岛市南票、连山两区成为地质灾害的多发区。引起的地质灾害分布范围广,危害程度大,已造成巨大的经济损失和大量人员伤亡,严重地制约着地方经济和社会的可持续发展,危害着人民群众生命财产安全。通过对相关矿山采空区地面塌陷、地裂缝进行调查研究。对该市地质灾害的分布特征、地质灾害的成因机理有了比较系统的认识。由此进一步提出了该市两区地质灾害的防治对策,力求有效地预防和减少地质灾害的发生.     

千岛湖蚤状潘垂直分布格局及其季节与昼夜变化

2004年10月至2005年8月，对不同季节千岛湖蚤状潘的垂直分布情况以及昼夜迁移进行了研究。结果表明，蚤状潘在千岛湖分布广泛，春季和夏季蚤状潘主要分布在15-25m水层，而在秋冬季分布相对均匀，从表层到60m水深都有分布；比较了蚤状漫在不同季节的迁移现象，春季和秋季蚤状潘为夜间迁移模式，而在夏季和冬季虽然都存在迁移现象，但不同于常见的三种迁移模式。     

P-III分布参数的概率权重矩法S函数计算

概率权重矩法是一种估计统计分布参数的方法.本文根据不完全Γ函数在无限区间积分,推导了P-Ⅲ分布参数的S函数的计算公式.通过现有计算公式比较,其计算结果具有较高的计算精度,避免了的大量的数值积分计算.文中公式只要借助于计算编程进行求解,给定超几何函数项一定的截断误差,其运算具有较高的运行速度.文中计算公式是一种P-Ⅲ分布参数S函数的计算途径.