南极菌Pseudoalteromonas sp．S-15-13产胞外多糖的研究及其分子鉴定

本文对影响南极细菌S-15-13生长和胞外多糖产量的主要环境因子进行了研究,同时采用16S rDNA序列分析及系统发育分析方法对其进行了分子鉴定。结果表明：菌株S-15-13最佳产糖条件为：培养时间,56h；培养温度,8℃；碳源,1．0%葡萄糖；NaCl浓度,3．0%；pH,6．0-7．0。16S rDNA序列分析和系统发育分析表明,菌株S-15-13属于假交替单胞菌属(Pseudoaltero- monas)。     

Climatic characteristics of summer high temperature and assessment methods in the large cities of North China

Based on the high temperature data of June to August in 1961-2000 in North China, the high temperature weather processes are investigated, and a more complete data set for severe high temperature processes is created. The climatic characteristics of adverse high temperature weather in Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Jinan and Taiyuan are analyzed respectively. The major features of the East-Asia Subtropical High and Transformed Continental High are discussed. The outcomes indicate that the influence of both East Asia Subtropical High and Transformed Continental High on these weather events varies, by a larger margin, from one city to another over North China and they are also closely related to the relative humidity. It is found that the behaviours of East-Asia Subtropical High and Transformed Continental High are the major important systems that give rise to the summer high temperature weather over the region. Based on these findings, the 5-day, 10-day and monthly assessment models for such high impact events have been developed. The assessment outcomes prove to be useful in assessing severe high-temperature events in major cities of North China.     

Deterioration of the volcanic kerb and pavement stones in a humid environment in the city centre of Izmir, Turkey

?zmir is the third largest city in Turkey and has being the centre of art, culture, tourism and trade activities throughout the 5,000 years of its history. Natural stones brought from different parts of the world have been widely used for construction of the prestigious buildings, monuments and roads etc., in the past in the city. Renovation of the street pavements and public gathering areas in the city centre has been undertaken by the Metropolitan Municipality in 2000 and continued through the year of 2001. These renovation activities have mainly been carried out in the streets running parallel to the sea shore. Volcanic rocks brought from the Central Anatolia Ankara-Gölba?? (andesites) and Kayseri-?ncesu (tuffs) have been used in the renovation works. These rocks have shown extensive deteriorations within 4 years of their usage between 2001 and 2005 under the influence of different environmental factors. In this study, the deteriorations developed in the recently placed volcanic rocks used as kerb and pavement stones in the city centre of ?zmir in the light of their mineralogical, chemical, physical and mechanical properties, used locations and the environmental factors are presented.     

矢量数字地图数据质量的综合评估

研究和确定了矢量数字地图数据的质量评估因子和评估标准,介绍了利用模糊综合评估方法进行质量评估的过程和做法,并给出了实例.     

近45 a东北地区春季降水异常的气候特征

利用1959-2003年我国东北地区93站春季降水资料，将降水场分成5个区域，并在此基础之上分析了春季降水的时空变化特征，发现：降水量年际变化及长期趋势有明显的区域差异，呈东多西少的分布特征；西部是旱涝易发生区，近45a来降水量略有增多；降水量的周期振荡存在明显的区域差异。     

长江中下游夏季高温灾害机理及预测

利用我国1961-2003年夏季（6—8月）高温资料，建立长江中下游地区主要城市强高温及高温过程较完整的时间序列，探讨了该地区主要城市高温气候特征。分析该地区南京、杭州、南昌等城市夏季高温灾害机理，东亚副热带高压是造成长江中下游地区城市夏季高温的主要影响系统。在此基础上用均生函数-最佳子回归集构造预测模型，预测夏季月高温出现日数，通过42a高温资料预报检验，有较好的预测效果，值得在业务中应用。     

云南省冰雹的时空分布特征

利用近40年的云南省冰雹资料，统计分析了云南省冰雹的时空分布特征，进一步揭示了其活动规律及主要影响因素。研究结果表明：冰雹的季节分布比较复杂，呈现出春季和夏季两个峰值的特点；冰雹的季节分布还与海拔高度有关，低海拔地区为春季多雹型，高海拔地区为夏季多雹型；滇西地区冰雹日数的年际变化特征较滇东地区显著而年代际变化特征没有东部地区站点明显；滇东地区表现出了明显的年代际变化特征，目前处于冰雹相对较少时期。从区域来看，年冰雹日数山区较坝区高，高海拔地区较低海拔地区高。     

内蒙古西辽河流域特种玉米品种特性及气候区划

基于玉米本身的特性和用途的不同,将玉米分为高油型玉米、高淀粉型玉米、高赖氨酸型玉米和甜玉米四大类型.根据每种玉米品种对气候条件、土壤类型、地形特征等的不同需求,以通辽地区作为内蒙古东部西辽河流域玉米主产区的示范区,提出了特种玉米的区划指标,并利用GIS技术进行适宜种植区域划分.内蒙古通辽地区大部分农区适宜种植特种玉米,最适宜区、适宜区基本上均位于通辽南部和中部农业区.     

用SPOT-VGT数据制作中国2000年度土地覆盖数据

土地覆盖是自然环境与人类活动相互作用的中心,准确而现势性强的土地覆盖数据是科学研究、资源管理和环境监测等应用的基础资料。该研究作为欧盟联合研究中心2000年全球土地覆盖计划(GLC2000)的一部分,利用2000年的1km空间分辨率的SPOT-4VGTS10数据与DEM、积温和降水等通过AHP方法合成的自然因子数据,采用FAO的土地覆盖分类系统(LCCS),通过非监督分类方法制作中国2000年的土地覆盖图。研究结果表明,在HANTS方法去云处理的基础上,结合气候分区,利用一年内每10天最大值合成的NDVI时间序列自然因子数据集可对除干旱区外大部分地区进行很好的分类,对干旱区则采用8月下旬的VGT原始数据取代NDVI数据参加分类,可达到较好的分类结果。     

黔东南地区短期气候预测方法研究

根据大气环流特征和小气候相关关系,找出预测黔东南地区春季倒春寒、3～6月降水量趋势、夏季及6～8月气温变化趋势和夏季旱涝趋势指标,用以制作黔东南地区长期天气趋势预测。