基于感知情境的北京不同类型旅游景区游客满意度研究

基于对北京16个景点游客的问卷调查,利用结构方程模型,分析了北京市不同类型旅游景区游客满意度的影响因素。研究结果表明：一方面,不同类型旅游景区游客满意度评价各影响因素影响程度不同。其中,影响自然风光类景区和现代文化类景区游客满意度的最主要因子为服务水平;便利性对历史古迹类景区游客满意度评价影响最大,景区主体特征对博物馆类景区游客满意度评价影响最为显著,而安全水平对各类旅游景区游客满意度评价影响相对显著,反映出北京市旅游景点整体安全水平较高。另一方面,不同类型景区之间游客满意度和出游决策路径系数存在显著差异,游客满意度对出游决策有正向影响。研究的政策涵义在于：北京市在旅游规划和管理中,需强化景区主体特征,完善景区的旅游功能,加强景区类型的划分,提高社会服务水平,增强游客体验性,从而提升北京旅游的整体形象。     

南极中山站大气电场基本特征

本文是有关中山站大气电场观测资料的分析报告,主要介绍基本观测情况,地面大气电场平均特征,包括各种时间尺度的频谱特征、季节变化、不同天气状态的典型电场特征。     

考虑不同基础埋深的沉降计算统一公式

通过对不同作用深度、不同长宽比矩形面积均布荷载角点下应力系数Mindlin解与Boussinesq解的分析比较,建立了二者之间的统计关系,利用“归一化函数”,引入“沉降计算深度修正系数”,并通过对北京地区数十个工程沉降实测值进行反分析得到“沉降计算经验系数”,提出了对不同埋深的天然地基与桩基都适用的“统一沉降计算公式”。     

Dynamic responses of a poroelastic half‐space from moving trains caused by vertical track irregularities

The vibrations of railway tracks on a poroelastic half‐space generated by moving trains are investigated through a vehicle–track–ground coupling model. The theoretical model incorporates a vehicle, a track, and a fully saturated poroelastic half‐space soil medium. The source of vibration excitation is divided into two components: the quasi‐static loads and the dynamic loads. The quasi‐static loads are related to the static component of the axle loads, whereas the dynamic loads are due to the dynamic wheel–rail interaction. A linear Hertizian contact spring is introduced between each wheelset and the rail to consider the dynamic loads. Biot's dynamic theory is used to characterize the poroelastic half‐space soil medium. Using the Fourier transform, the governing equations for the track–ground system are solved and the numerical results are presented for a single axle vehicle model. The different dynamic characteristics of the elastic soil medium and the saturated poroelastic medium are investigated. In addition, the different roles of the moving axle loads and the roughness‐induced dynamic loads are identified. It is concluded that the vibration level of the free field off the track predicted by the poroelastic soil medium is smaller than that predicted by the elastic soil medium for vehicle speed below the Rayleigh wave speed of the poroelastic half‐space, whereas it is larger for vehicle speed above the Rayleigh wave speed. The dynamic loads play an important role in the dynamic responses of the track–ground system. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Attitude Coordination of Multi-HUG Formation Based on Multibody System Theory

Application of multiple hybrid underwater gliders (HUGs) is a promising method for large scale, long-term ocean survey. Attitude coordination has become a requisite for task execution of multi-HUG formation. In this paper, a multibody model is presented for attitude coordination among agents in the HUG formation. The HUG formation is regarded as a multi-rigid body system. The interaction between agents in the formation is described by artificial potential field (APF) approach. Attitude control torque is composed of a conservative torque generated by orientation potential field and a dissipative term related with angular velocity. Dynamic modeling of the multibody system is presented to analyze the dynamic process of the HUG formation. Numerical calculation is carried out to simulate attitude synchronization with two kinds of formation topologies. Results show that attitude synchronization can be fulfilled based on the multibody method described in this paper. It is also indicated that different topologies affect attitude control quality with respect to energy consumption and adjusting time. Low level topology should be adopted during formation control scheme design to achieve a better control effect.     

中国东部地区夏季降水和环流的年代际转型及其与PDO的联系

利用1951—2013年全国160个测站逐月降水资料、NCEP/NCAR月平均再分析资料和NOAA全球月平均海表温度等资料,分析了中国东部地区夏季降水的年代际转型及相关大气环流变化。研究结果表明,1970s中后期和1990s PDO两次位相转换给中国东部地区夏季降水带来显著的年代际变化,前者使得东亚夏季风进一步减弱,夏季雨带南退至长江中下游地区,后者使得东亚夏季风恢复增强,雨带北移至淮河流域。进一步研究发现,1990s PDO年代际突变导致东亚夏季大气环流场发生显著变化,贝加尔湖地区增暖导致向北的经向温度梯度增大以及副热带高压的东退北抬是导致1990s东部地区夏季降水年代际变化的可能原因。     

基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法精确反演地球重力场

由于GRACE Follow-On双星系统等效于基线长为星间距离的一维水平重力梯度仪,因此本文基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法开展了精确和快速反演下一代地球重力场的可行性论证研究. 研究结果表明：第一,基于GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法（GFO-SGGM）,利用卫星轨道参数（轨道高度250 km、星间距离50 km、轨道倾角89°、轨道离心率0.001）、关键载荷测量精度（星间距离10-6 m、星间速度10-7 m·s-1、星间加速度10-10 m·s-2、轨道位置10-3 m、轨道速度10-6 m·s-1、非保守力10-11 m·s-2）、观测时间30天和采样间隔10 s反演了120阶地球重力场,在120阶处累计大地水准面精度为9.331×10-4 m. 第二,在120阶内,利用将来GRACE Follow-On双星反演地球重力场精度较现有GRACE双星平均提高61倍,因此GRACE Follow-On卫星重力梯度法是进一步提高地球重力场反演精度的优选方法. 第三,下一代GRACE Follow-On计划较当前GRACE计划的优点如下：轨道高度更低（200~300 km）、载荷精度更高（10-7 ~10-9 m·s-1）和星间距离更短（50~100 km）.     

吉林南部通化地区集安群的年代学

对辽吉裂谷带吉林段集安群火山岩和碎屑沉积岩以及裂谷带内的花岗岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb的年代学研究.测年结果显示, 集安群火山岩形成于2156~2189Ma, 并于1870~1 881Ma接受区域变质作用改造.伴随集安群的火山-沉积和变质作用, 有2期花岗岩侵入: 一期形成于裂陷期的2156~2189Ma; 另一期形成于造山期的1870~1881Ma.同时, 碎屑锆石和捕获锆石获得了2471~2494Ma和2633~2653Ma的岩浆成因锆石年龄, 代表结晶基底的2次岩浆事件.集安群的物质来源于太古宙基底和裂陷期的岩浆事件产物.      

中国东北地区人为活动对森林景观格局及鹿科动物生境的影响（英文）

Species abundance and habitat distribution are two important aspects of species conservation studies and both are affected by similar environmental factors. Forest resource inventory data in 2010 were used to evaluate the patterns of habitat for target species of Cervidae in six typical forestry bureaus of the Yichun forest area in the Lesser Xing’an Mountains, northeastern China. A habitat suitability index(HSI) model was used based on elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation and age of tree. These five environmental factors were selected by boosted regression tree(BRT) analysis from 14 environmental variables collected during field surveys. Changes in habitat caused by anthropogenic activities mainly involving settlement and road factors were also considered. The results identified 1780.49 km2 of most-suitable and 1770.70 km2 of unsuitable habitat areas under natural conditions, covering 16.38% and 16.29% of the entire study area, respectively. The area of most-suitable habitat had been reduced by 4.86% when human interference was taken into account, whereas the unsuitable habitat area had increased by 11.3%, indicating that anthropogenic disturbance turned some potential habitats into unsuitable ones. Landscape metrics indicated that average patch area declined while patch density and edge density increased. This suggests that as habitat becomes fragmented and its quality becomes degraded by human activities, cervid populations will be threatened with extirpation. The study helped identify the spatial extent of habitat influenced by anthropogenic interference for the local cervid population. As cervid species clearly avoid human activities, more attention should be paid on considering the way and intensity of human activities for habitat management as fully as possible.     

基于ARM和SD卡的微动数据采集系统数据存储技术研究

为满足微动数据采集系统的大数据量、低功耗要求,用SD卡存储微动数据采集系统采集得到的数据。阐述如何实现SD卡在以三星ARM9-s3c2410为硬件平台、Linux操作系统为软件平台的微动数据采集系统中的存储功能。