基于合成孔径雷达的长江口海表流场反演

Range Doppler velocities derived from the Envisat advanced synthetic aperture radar（ASAR） wide swath images are analyzed and assessed against the numerically simulated surface current fields derived from the finite volume coastal ocean model（FVCOM） for the Changjiang Estuary. Comparisons with the FVCOM simulations show that the European Space Agency（ESA） Envisat ASAR based Doppler shift anomaly retrievals have the capability to capture quantitative information of the surface currents in the Changjiang Estuary. The uncertainty analysis of the ASAR range Doppler velocity estimates are discussed with regard to the azimuthal and range bias corrections, radar incidence angles, inaccuracy in the wind field corrections and the presence of rain cells.The corrected range Doppler velocities for the Changjiang Estuary area are highly valuable as they exhibit quantitative expressions related to the multiscale upper layer dynamics and surface current variability around the East China Sea, including the Changjiang Estuary.     

星载SAR测量海洋流场研究进展

多普勒信息是合成孔径雷达（SAR）进行海洋动力遥感的一个重要参数,自从20世纪80年代末就已经开始利用该参数反演海表面动力过程的相关研究.本文重点论述了星载SAR多普勒信息反演海表面流及其应用研究,主要包括SAR干涉测量方法获取海洋流场信息的主要技术手段及研究进展;多普勒频移方法反演表层海洋流场的发展历程及在上层海洋现象（包括地转流、准地转流以及中小尺度过程）中的应用研究;相关的国外重要数据融合计划和研发计划.目前国内在海洋流场的遥感方面还处于起步阶段,重点关注于反演理论和方法,而将反演信息应用于上层海洋动力的研究,还十分缺乏.希望通过本文的综述,为后续在该方向的研究提供借鉴.     

Synoptic Characteristics Related to Warm-Sector Torrential Rainfall Events in South China During the Annually First Rainy Season

Warm-sector torrential rainfall (WSTR) events that occur in the annually first rainy season in south China are characterized by high rainfall intensity and low radar echo centroids. To understand the synoptic characteristics related to these features, 16 WSTR events that occurred in 2013-2017 were examined with another 16 squall line (SL) events occurred during the same period as references. Composite analysis derived from ERA-Interim reanalysis data indicated the importance of the deep layer of warm and moist air for WSTR events. The most significant difference between WSTR and SL events lies in their low-level convergence and lifting; for WSTR events, the low-level convergence and lifting is much shallower with comparable or stronger intensity. The trumpet-shaped topography to the north of the WSTR centers is favorable for the development of such shallow convergences in WSTR events. Results in this study will provide references for future studies to improve the predictability of WSTR.     

基于质心频移的无线电波透视层析成像

介绍了质心频移的基本理论,在频域内对信号质心频移进行了数值模拟,数值模拟表明,接收信号的质心频率向零点发生了明显的漂移,验证了质心频移理论的正确性.对正方形异常体模型进行了频谱分析,可以看出穿过异常体的信号的振幅发生了明显的变化.根据正演模拟得到的数据,利用质心频移法对模型进行了层析成像,成像结果基本反映了异常体在模型中的位置,验证了质心频移法探测工作面异常体的有效性和可行性.     

基于雷达数据的风暴体识别、追踪及预警的研究进展

基于雷达数据的风暴体识别、追踪及预警方法是最早出现的临近预报技术，也是天气雷达系统和强天气预警业务的基本组成部分。风暴体识别、追踪及预警方法可以分为三大类：持续性预报法、交叉相关法和单体质心法，它们都属于外推预报法。其中，持续性预报法目前已经被后两者取代。首先较详细地介绍了交叉相关法和单体质心法的研究历史和主要算法，然后集中介绍了近几年来在外推预报基础上发展起来的一些新方法。最后，结合悉尼奥运会期间的FDP项目，讨论了临近预报技术的检验和准确性评价，重点介绍了列联表方法。