山门银矿床原生地球化学分带特征

本文从矿床地球化学特征和原生晕特征研究入手,查明了山门银矿床在三度空间上指示元素的分带规律,确定了元素的分带序列,以此为依据进行了深部隐伏矿预测。     

Modeling the initiation of sediment motion under a wide range of flow conditions using a Geno-Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System method

The current study introduces a novel approach to estimate the incipient motion of sediments under a wide range of flow regimes by developing a fuzzy model with a fuzzy-band that refers to a transition from weak motion to general motion of sediment. The partial sediment entrainment is defined by fuzzy sets considering the uncertainty related to the individual ratio of inertia to viscous forces which is the definition of shear Reynolds number. In the current study, the Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (Mamdani FIS) is used to develop a comprehensive fuzzy model of the incipient motion of sediment. The Mamdani FIS has a shortcoming regarding the training of the fuzzy model. To estimate the dimensionless shear stress, a new method is developed by combining a genetic algorithm with the fuzzy approach which is named the Geno-Mamdani Fuzzy Inference System (GMFIS) method. The performance of the GMFIS model is evaluated using experimental data by considering root mean square error (RMSE), Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient of efficiency (CE), degree of robustness (D_r), and concordance coefficient (CC) as evaluation criteria. The GMFIS model performed very well based on the RMSE, CE, D_r, and CC values and satisfactorily represented the three types of incipient motion. Finally, a new range of fuzzy, dimensionless, critical shear stress values is established in all flow conditions from weak to general sediment entrainment.     

神经网络法在寻找“隐伏矿（盲矿）”中的应用机理探讨

随着计算机应用技术的不断提高，神经网络作为一个数据处理结构应运而生。传统的遥感找矿方法是通过日视解译圈定“靶区”，但在“隐伏矿(育矿)找矿”项目中却遇到了难题，很难找到相关弱信息，利用神经网络的模拟人脑功能来提取矿化相关弱信息寻找“隐伏矿(育矿)”是可能的。在此仅仅对其应用做简单的介绍，希望对今后的遥感找矿产生一定的提示作用。     

极大可能性估计

提出了一个新的估计类——极大可能性估计。详细研究了以p次抛物线为参照函数的极大可能性估计。在以p次抛物线为参照函数的极大可能性估计中，p=1对应可能性带权绝对值和最小估计，p=2对应可能性最小二乘估计。给出了确定观测值的权的一般方法。最后结合实例说明了极大可能性估计的实用性与正确性。     

最小不确定度约束下的极大可能性估计

以模糊集合理论为基础，提出了最小不确定度约束下的极大可能性估计准则、解算方法和迭代步骤。给出了新的观测值的质量标准体系。计算实例表明提出的方法是一种有效的、稳健的参数估计方法。     

平流层重力占优气溶胶粒子的耦合碰并

研究大气平流层中的重力作用占优的气溶胶粒子之间的耦合碰并问题.平流层由于空气稀薄,必须引入高Knudsen数下分子体系介质近似,对于重力占优的气溶胶粒子,采用高Qij下的处理方法,在新的对分布方程的基础上,求得重力作用占优的气溶胶粒子的对分布函数的解析解.结果表明,对于重力占优的气溶胶粒子,平流层中碰并率要大于对流层中的碰并率.     

Turbulent mixing condensation nucleus counter

The construction and operating principles of the Turbulent Mixing Condensation Nucleus Counter (TM CNC) are described. Estimations based on the semiempirical theory of turbulent jets and the classical theory of nucleation and growth show the possibility of detecting particles as small as 2.5 nm without the interference of homogeneous nucleation. This conclusion was confirmed experimentally during the International Workshop on Intercomparison of Condensation Nuclei and Aerosol Particle Counters (Vienna, Austria). Number concentration, measured by the Turbulent Mixing CNC and other participating instruments, is found to be essentially equal.     

Nolan–Pollak type CN counters in the Vienna aerosol workshop

Three “standard” Nolan–Pollak (N–P) and a modified N–P design condensation nucleus (CN) counters were included in the Vienna Workshop on Intercomparison of Condensation Nuclei and Aerosol Particle counters. These counters came from diverse backgrounds, namely programs in USA, Europe and Australia. In this work, principles of the operation and previous history of calibration of the N–P expansion counter are briefly reviewed and comparisons between the particular counters used in the workshop are presented and discussed. Counting agreement was found to be very good between the N–P counters, typically better than ±12% for a range of aerosol sizes and compositions from a minimum diameter of 4 nm. The independently calibrated GIV CNC-440 (modified N–P type counter) also agreed well with the N–P counters. The minimum size sensitivity of the N–P counter was examined showing a lower detection limit for insoluble (Ag) particles of around 2.6±0.3 nm diameter.     

Bulk transfer coefficients of the atmospheric momentum and sensible heat over desert and Gobi in arid climate region of Northwest China

By utilizing the data of the intensive observation period (May-June, 2000) of Dunhuang land-surface process field experiment that belongs to "Land-atmosphere Interactive Field Experiment over Arid Region of Northwest China", the bulk momentum transfer coefficient Cd and bulk sensible heat transfer coefficient Ch between surface and atmosphere over desert and Gobi in the arid region are determined according to three different methods. The result shows that, though these bulk transfer coefficients are different, they are in the same order. Especially, the means of Cd and Ch are close. Moreover, through analyzing the wind direction, the interference of the building near the observational station with the data is eliminated. From this, the relation between the bulk transfer coefficients and the bulk Richardson number and the range of the typical values of the bulk transfer coefficients over desert and Gobi in the typical arid region are obtained.     

微地震的线性方程定位求解及其病态处理

岩体破裂时会产生微地震现象,微地震的发生与岩体内部的能量释放以及进一步的裂纹演化、破裂有着密切的关系。所以,可以用微地震的时空分布来预测岩体的破裂。微地震定位是预测岩体破裂的基础。研究了微地震定位方程求解过程中不同情况下解的几种情况无穷解、唯一解和最小二乘解。由于定位问题属于反问题,因此,定位方程往往呈现病态,为此,进一步分析了病态方程的正则化处理方法。实际算例证明,用正则化方法求解定位方程具有计算简单、收敛速度快的优点,非常适合求解此类问题。