化探渗滤异常找矿方法探讨--以云南巧家茂租铅锌矿区为例

传统的化探异常提取方法对埋深较大的隐伏矿床的弱异常难以突现,文章选择云南巧家茂租铅锌矿区作为研究试验区,将遥感影像信息与勘查地球化学方法相结合,通过对渗滤异常特征进行研究,选择有利的指示元素,运用地球化学多元分析,实现对渗滤异常的弱异常信息进行增强。该方法对主攻矿床类型明确,探测深度及找矿难度较大的地区的找矿工作有较好的指导作用。     

抚顺煤层气赋存特征及资源评价研究

抚顺矿区城市下压煤面积6km^2,煤炭储量23901．5万t。通过对矿区地质特征、煤储层特征分析．认为区内煤层气含量高（9．81～24．53m^3／t）,煤层中大空隙多,透气性好,渗透率较高（0．24～3．60mD）。煤层直接顶板为厚100m左右的致密油页岩,底板为泥岩、凝灰岩,具有良好的封闭条件。根据矿区多年测试资料,采用容积法得出区内煤层气资源量为30．53亿m^3。综合开发煤层气资源符合东北老矿区的实际,其将为复苏东北重工业基地提供有效的洁净能源。     

Localization of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces in overburden: field measurements and prediction

The locations of mining-induced horizontal fractures along rock interfaces in the overburden of Donetsk Coal Basin were identified using an original experimental device. The device traps methane from horizontal fracture zone (100–fold coal seam thickness) over an active longwall mining excavation. Presence or absence of horizontal fractures along rock layer interfaces is correlated with physical characteristics of the overburden, such as thickness, uniaxial compressive strength of overburden rock layers, location of rock layer interfaces and thickness of extracted coal seams. As a result, a combined criterion based on these physical characteristics is proposed to predict the presence of overburden horizontal fracturing in coal mine operations.     

纸介质地震观测报告的数据输入与初步验证

为了进行科学研究和数据共享,需要把在模拟地震台网时期产出的纸介质观测报告实现电子化,本文简要叙述了数据的录入与初步验证工作情况,介绍了数据验证及格式转换程序的实现和使用。     

太原基准地震台地电阻率干扰形态特征分析

分析太原基准地震台2001年至2011年地电阻率观测中常见干扰因素,着重分析因不同干扰引起的图像变化特征,并就存在的问题提出合理化改进建议,力求对观测场地的选择、线路架设、资料分析、异常的判断及地震预测预报具有一定指导意义。     

基于VB的地质矿产数据库管理系统中数据I／0功能的实现

随着计算机技术在地质矿业部门的应用，建立地质矿产数据库，开发相应的数据库管理信息系统已成为必然。结合VB下地质矿产数据库管理系统开发的实践，针对地质矿产数据种类繁多的特点，对系统中数据输入与输出(I／0)的通用界面设计与功能实现方法进行了探讨，给出了相应的运行界面和编程思路。     

地下介质横向变化的地震多尺度边缘检测技术

本文提出的地震多尺度边缘检测技术以坎尼最佳边缘检测准则和小波变换的多分辨分析为理论基础,能在地震记录上较方便而可靠地识别地下介质的横向变化。这些横向变化包括不能用肉眼在地震同相轴上直接发现而又实际存在的隐蔽特征。对地层尖灭,透镜体、岩性变化和孔洞、裂缝发育带均可进行识别。模型计算和实际地震资料的处理结果显示该方法具有实际应用价值     

Thermal surface characteristics of coal fires 1 results of in-situ measurements

Natural underground coal fires are fires in coal seams occurring subsurface. The fires are ignited through a process named spontaneous combustion, which occurs based on a natural reaction but is usually triggered through human interaction. Coal mining activities expose coal to the air. This leads to the exothermal oxidation of the carbon in the coal with the air's oxygen to CO₂ and – under certain circumstances – to spontaneous combustion. Coal fires occur in many countries world wide – however, currently the Chinese coal mining industry faces the biggest problems with coal fires. Coal fires destroy the valuable resource coal and furthermore lead to many environmental degradation phenomena such as the deterioration of surrounding vegetation, land subsidence and the emission of toxic gasses (CO, N₂O). They additionally contribute to the emission of green house relevant gasses such as CO₂ and CH₄ to the atmosphere.In this paper we present thermal characteristics of coal fires as measured in-situ during a field campaign to the Wuda coal fire area in south-central Inner Mongolia, China. Thermal characteristics include temperature anomaly measurements at the surface, spatial surface temperature profiles of fire areas and unaffected background areas, diurnal temperature profiles, and temperature measurements inside of coal fire induced cracks in the overlying bedrock. For all the measurements the effects of uneven solar heating through influences of slope and aspect are considered.Our findings show that coal fires result in strong or subtle thermal surface anomalies. Especially the latter can easily be influenced by heating of the surrounding background material through solar influences. Temperature variation of background rocks with different albedo, slope, aspect or vegetation cover can substantially influence the detectability of thermal anomalies. In the worst case coal fire related thermal anomalies can be completely masked by solar patterns during the daytime. Thus, night-time analysis is the most suitable for thermal anomaly mapping of underground coal fires, although this is not always feasible. The heat of underground coal fires only progresses very slowly through conduction in the rock material. Anomalies of coal fires completely covered by solid unfractured bedrock are very weak and were only measured during the night. The thermal pattern of underground coal fires manifested on the surface during the daytime is thus the pattern of cracks and vents, which occur due to the volume loss underground and which support radiation and convective energy transport of hot gasses. Inside coal fire temperatures can hardly be measured and can only be recorded if the glowing coal is exposed through a wider crack in the overlaying bedrock. Direct coal fire temperatures measured ranged between 233 °C and 854 °C. The results presented can substantially support the planning of thermal mapping campaigns, analyses of coal fire thermal anomalies in remotely sensed data, and can provide initial and boundary conditions for coal fire related numerical modeling.In a second paper named “Thermal Characteristics of Coal Fires 2: results of measurements on simulated coal fires” [Zhang J., Kuenzer C., Tetzlaff A., Oettl D., Zhukov B., Wagner W., 2007. Thermal Characteristics of Coal Fires 2: Result of measurements on simulated coal fires. Accepted for publication at Journal of Applied Geophysics. doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2007.08.003] we report about thermal characteristics of simulated coal fires simulated under simplified conditions. The simulated set up allowed us to measure even more parameters under undisturbed conditions — especially inside fire temperatures. Furthermore we could demonstrate the differences between open surface coal fires and covered underground coal fires. Thermal signals of coal fires in near range thermal remotely sensed imagery from an observing tower and from an airplane are presented and discussed.     

The principle of coupled stress release model and its application

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SVG在移动地图服务中的组织与编码

根据移动地图服务的特点以及SVG的子集MobileSVG在移动设备中应用的优点,首先讨论了传统SVG地图组织模式在移动地图服务中的缺点,在此基础上提出一种新的适合移动地图服务的利用MobileSVG组织地图数据的方式,并对其组织与编码方式进行了详细的说明。