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871.
本文为高州水库轮虫调查(1988)的第三部分。各水层轮虫数量的季节变化是:上层(5米以上水层),春季占82.5%,夏季占67%,冬季占65.2%,秋季由于轮虫种群向中层(10至15米)迁移,只占46.5%;下层(20至30米)各季节轮虫数量一般少于8%。除7、8月份外,它们的最大密度都在2-4米水层。轮虫垂直变化的特点主要是由占轮虫总量83%的8种优势轮虫所形成。文中还讨论了水温、水深、风和其他因素对轮虫垂直分布的巨大影响。  相似文献   
872.
历史时期广东省旱涝变化及其层次分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据历史时期广东的旱涝灾害史料建立了该地区1480~1939年间旱涝指数序列,并采用小波分析、功率谱分析对该序列进行了研究。分析认为,从历史时期来看,广东的旱涝变化主要存在准7年、15年、23年左右的准周期,不同的历史时期主要影响周期不尽相同。旱涝指数的多尺度分析表明,广东在本世纪整体上将处于偏涝期,但自2000(±5)年已开始进入偏旱期,2010(±5)年左右达到最旱,这种偏旱状况将一致持续到2040(±5)左右,期间也会有较小强度的偏涝期出现。预计2040(±5)年之后广东将有较大强度的偏涝期出现,而且在未来几十甚至百年内的旱涝变化幅度有增大的趋势。由于高层次上的偏旱(涝)期常常包含有若干个低层次上的偏旱和偏涝期,因此在对未来气候变化趋势进行预测时,离开具体的时间尺度谈气候变化是没有意义的。  相似文献   
873.
Paleoproterozoic basaltic, andesitic and rhyolitic dykes crosscut the Archaean Carajás basement. Basalts are distinguished into a high and a low TiO2 group (HTi and LTi), each group consisting of geochemically distinct NE- and NW-trending swarms. The HTi dykes are evolved transitional basalts having essentially EMORB-type geochemistry. The LTi basalts are tholeiites (NE-trending swarm) and high-Al basalts (NW-trending swarm) displaying incompatible trace elements patterns with variably negative Nb anomaly, enrichment in Rb, Ba, K (LILE) and La, Ce and Nd (LREE) and positive Sr anomaly. With respect to orogenic analogues, andesites have lower Al2O3, CaO and Ni, higher FeO, LILE, LREE, Nb, Zr and Ti and negative Sr anomaly. Rhyolites have geochemical characteristics comparable with those of A-type granites. At 1.8 Ga, ranges from 0.700 to 0.705 in the HTi basalts and from 0.700 to 0.704 in the LTi group. Andesites define an isochron of 1874±110 Ma (Sro=0.7038±0.0010). Rhyolites from Southern and Northern Carajás define two isochrons of 1802±130 Ma (Sro=0.7062±0.0046) and 1535±82 Ga (Sro=0.7625) respectively, the younger date being interpreted as resetting of the Rb–Sr isotopic system. We propose a petrogenetic model relating LTi basalts with melting of lithospheric mantle metasomatized by acid melts derived from incipient melting of eclogites, representing in turn the subsolidus product of basaltic batches trapped in the mantle. The HTi basalts are explained by melting of the lithospheric mantle containing the complementary residual eclogite. Andesite petrogenesis is consistent with crystal fractionation from a high-Mg andesite parent derived from a mantle source more extensively metasomatized by eclogite-derived melts. Rhyolite composition is consistent with low melting degree of the basement rocks. The basalt–andesite–rhyolite dykes may represent the effects of crustal extension and arching in Carajás, which produced the anorogenic acid to intermediate magmatism (Uatumã group) and affecting a large part of the Amazon craton between 1.85 and 1.7 Ga.  相似文献   
874.
Soluble salts on the surface ground in Guliya ice cap area change with climatic factors, especially with dry and wet conditions. pH and electric conductivity values of the Guliya ice core depend on soluble salts originated from surrounding arid or semi-arid regions, therefore the dry and wet changes can be approached by them. Results show that the approached dry and wet changes since the little ice age are consistent with that deduced from δ18O and accumulation rate.  相似文献   
875.
The largest earthquake (M0=4.9·1027 dyn·cm) of the 20th century in the territory of Greece occurred south of Amorgos Island, causing extensive destruction in the southern Aegean area. It occurred on an ENE–trending normal fault that is seated parallel to the Islands southern coastline. Changes in the rates of moderate–size earthquakes (M 5.0) that occurred before and after the Amorgos earthquake, within circular regions centered on its epicenter with radii of 100, 150 and 200 km, are investigated. The rate for moderate–size events just before the main shock appears to be considerably increased when compared to those of either preceding or subsequent periods. Further inspection reveals that more evident seismicity fluctuations are attributed to distances exceeding 100 km. These changes may be indicative of a broad region that is approaching a high stress state prior to an eventual large earthquake. Close to the main event, that is, within the 100–km radius, a remarkable quiescence period lasting about two decades before its occurrence was observed. Changes in seismicity are discussed in combination with static stress changes calculated by the application of the stress evolutionary model that takes into account the coseismic slip associated with the larger events (M 6.5) since the beginning of the 20th century and the tectonic loading on the major faults in the study area. These larger events, as with the intermediate magnitude seismicity taking place at distances exceeding 100 km and which encircled the quiescent area observed during the last 22 years before the Amorgos earthquake, are well correlated with stress-enhanced areas in each stage of the evolutionary model.  相似文献   
876.
SPOT5卫星影像在土地变更调查中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
SPOT5因为具有很高的分辨率,在土地变更调查中有着广泛的应用。对于不同的用地类型,SPOT5的分辨能力也不同,本文利用SPOT5影像室内判读发现的变化图斑与实际变化情况进行对比,介绍了SPOT5卫星影像在北京大兴区土地变更调查实际应用中的具体方法。  相似文献   
877.
Holocene development of aquatic plant communities in subarctic Lake Njargajavri, Finnish Lapland, was studied using plant macrofossil analysis. Sediment lithology, grain size, and C/N ratios showed distinct lithological phases, indicating past water-level fluctuations. The colonization of limnophytes took place right after the formation of the lake (after ca. 11,500 cal. BP). The earliest plant macrofossil assemblages indicate nutrient-rich conditions and a warmer climate than at present. After this primary succession phase, aquatic vascular plants were replaced by aquatic bryophytes (before ca. 10,200 cal. BP). Together with lithological evidence, we interpret this as being related to the lowering water table. According to palynological, chronological, and sedimentological evidence, Njargajavri underwent a very shallow phase between ca. 10,000 and 9500 cal. BP and dried out for an unknown period of time between ca. 8000 and 5000 cal. BP. After the dry phase, the water level started to rise and sedimentation at the coring point began again. Despite re-establishment of the lacustrine habitat, late-Holocene plant macrofossil data show no marked recolonization of either vascular limnophytes or bryophytes. The reason for all limnophytes being presently absent from the lake remains speculative. The lack of nutrients and/or the cooling climate (especially shortening of the open-water season) during the latter part of the Holocene may explain why limnophytes failed to recolonize the lake.  相似文献   
878.
The volcanogenic lake Laguna Potrok Aike, Santa Cruz, Argentina, reveals an unprecedented continuous high resolution climatic record for the steppe regions of southern Patagonia. With the applied multi-proxy approach rapid climatic changes before the turn of the first millennium were detected followed by medieval droughts which are intersected by moist and/or cold periods of varying durations and intensities. The total inorganic carbon content was identified as a sensitive lake level indicator. This proxy suggests that during the late Middle Ages (ca. AD 1230–1410) the lake level was rather low representing a signal of the Medieval Climate Anomaly in southeastern Patagonia. At the beginning of the Little Ice Age the lake level rose considerably staying on a high level during the whole period. Subsequently, the lake level lowered again in the course of the 20th century.  相似文献   
879.
The variation in mycosporine‐like amino acid (MAA) concentration in the soft coral Heteroxenia fuscescens in relation to changes in ultraviolet radiation (UVR) regimes was investigated at the Gulf of Eilat, northern Red Sea. Solar radiation (300–700 nm) was measured for different depths and seasons. The UVR irradiance was measured to a depth of 25 m on the reef. The mean attenuation coefficient for UV‐B measured in winter was twofold that of the summer value. Separation of H. fuscescens extracts by reverse‐phase isocratic high‐performance liquid chromatography revealed a single MAA compound, palythine (λmax = 320 nm). Possible seasonal changes in MAAs in colonies of H. fuscescens along a depth gradient were examined on different dates. Palythine concentrations in the colonies were significantly higher in summer than in the other seasons particularly in shallow water. Possible changes in MAA content in colonies of H. fuscescens as a result of UVR protection, were determined by experiments conducted for periods of 1 week, 1 month and 3 months, at a depth of 5 m. In these experiments colonies were removed from the natural substrate and placed underwater, protected from UVR by a PVC filter. Significant differences between UV‐exposed and protected colonies of H. fuscescens were found only in the 3‐month experiment conducted during the summer. These findings demonstrate that UVR is an important environmental factor regulating MAA biosynthesis in the soft coral H. fuscescens.  相似文献   
880.
云南中甸纳帕海湖泊记录指示的57ka环境演化   总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4  
根据沉积环境,总有机碳,氢指数,有机碳同位素,磁化率和粒度等替代性指标以及和陆地,深海气候记录的对比,重建了纳帕海57kaBP以来的湖面变化和主要气候演化阶段,57-32kaBP主要为低湖面和频繁的湖面波动,与气候的暖偏干/凉偏湿交替有关。32-15kaBP湖面大幅度上升,出现相对高湖面,气温下降,有效湿度增加,全新世湖盆的萎缩与持续的暖偏干气候有关,这种冷湿-暖干气候与滇西北特殊的地形地貌造成大气环流的独特性有关。  相似文献   
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