章丘市增减挂钩试点工作探析

章丘市严格规范增减挂钩试点程序,积极走群众自主、自愿、自治的路子,突出"四个创新",实现"四个突破",坚持"五项制度",保障农民群众的知情权、参与权、监督权,真正让农民群众得到实惠,实现了拆迁前农民群众同意、拆迁中农民群众高兴、拆迁整理后农民群众满意的目标。     

中亚热带红壤丘陵区松林生态系统表层土壤活性有机碳空间分异规律

土壤活性有机碳在指示土壤碳库平衡、表征土壤肥力与质量、衡量土壤微生物生长等方面具有重要意义。本文对中亚热带红壤丘陵区松林生态系统93个表层（0～20cm）土壤样品的活性有机碳空间分布特征及其与地形、植被和土壤特性的关系进行了深入分析。结果表明：表层土壤活性有机碳的平均值为1.92g/kg,占土壤有机碳的29.18%,变...     

基于主成分分析法的湖南省农用地集约利用评价

采用主成分分析方法,从市(州)层面对湖南省农用地集约利用进行定量综合评价,并依据评价结果进行聚类分析。结果表明:2008年,湖南省农用地可划分为集约利用、中度集约利用、低度集约利用三等,归并为6类;环洞庭湖地区及湘江流域的岳阳、常德、益阳、长沙、湘潭、衡阳、永州7市农用地处于集约利用状态,其中,长沙、湘潭归并为一类,岳阳、益阳、衡阳归并为一类,常德、永州归并为一类;湘中娄邵盆地的娄底、邵阳和湘东的株洲3市农用地处于中度集约利用状态,归并为一类;湘西的怀化、湘西州、张家界和湘南的郴州4市(州)农用地处于低度集约利用状态,其中,郴州、怀化归并为一类,张家界、湘西州归并为一类。研究结果符合区域农用地利用实际,对湖南省农用地集约高效利用具有一定的指导意义。     

茶园生态系统氟的生物地球化学循环

根据近年作者及相关研究成果,提出一般茶园（非F污染区,非高F地质背景区）生态系统F的生物地球化学循环模型,估算茶园生态系统各子系统F的库容和库之间的F流量,分析茶园生态系统F的生物地球化学特征．结果表明：1）茶园生态系统F的惰性库：调节库：活动库为239：4：1,活动库占总库容的比例高达0．41％,其比例是非常高的;2）该生态系统F的外循环是一个正平衡循环,F的收入与支出比为2：1,同时地表径流的F支出大于地下径流的F支出;3）由于茶树具有很强的从土壤摄取F的能力,摄取的F绝大部分（98％）汇集于叶上,特别是老叶上,且部分易被雨水淋出,因而通过透冠流和枯枝落叶形成很大的F流量,分别达10．5k·hm^-2·a^-1和8．5kg·hm^-2·a^-1,内循环流量达19．95kg·hm^-2·a^-1,为活动库库容的3．6倍,使活动库具有很高的更新速率;4）茶园生态系统F的生物地球化学循环伴随着系统中F的活化、有机化和生物积累过程．     

基于能值分析与模糊评价的农用地健康评价方法探讨

农用地是自然生态-社会经济复合系统,其健康状况直接关系着区域经济发展与国家粮食安全(产量与品质)。该研究在农用地分等定级数据的基础上,探讨将能值分析与模糊评价相结合建立综合评价模型评价农用地健康状况的方法,提出了包含质量、产能和土壤环境目标的农用地健康模糊评价体系框架;并基于能值分析理论构建了由能值利用系数和农用地压力系数构成的农用地能值指数评价模型,对农用地健康模糊评价结果进行修正,以期实现农用地健康评价结果的区域间可比,为农用地健康评价提供方法借鉴。     

泾河流域农业旱灾风险定量评估及其空间特征

泾河流域是农业旱灾的多发地区,但是对该地农业旱灾的发生规律、旱灾影响及旱灾恢复和准备措施方面开展的研究还较少。本文根据自然灾害风险评估的理论框架,建立了1km栅格精度的泾河流域农业旱灾风险空间评估模型,并对农业旱灾致灾因子危险性及农业承险体脆弱性进行评估,最后综合评估该地区农业旱灾风险。在此基础上,分析研究区农业旱灾危险性、承险体脆弱性及风险的空间特征。本研究采用Z指数方法评估泾河流域农业旱灾致灾因子的强度,选取农作物生长季缺水率、土壤有效含水量、有效灌溉面积比以及坡度等4个指标评估研究区1km空间尺度的农业旱灾脆弱性。农业旱灾风险综合评估的结果表明,泾河流域农业旱灾风险的高风险区位于该地区北部,低风险区位于该地区南部,且不同等级风险区呈现出自东向西、自南向北逐渐降低的总体趋势,但不同等级风险区呈现间隔分布的趋势。     

Effects of grazing and climate change on sandy grassland ecosystems in Inner Mongolia

To understand the effects of grazing activities and climate change on sandy grassland ecosystems in northern China, a livestock field grazing and enclosure experiment was conducted from 1992 to 2006 in Horqin Sand Land, Inner Mongolia. The results showed that sustained heavy grazing resulted in serious degradation of the vegetation; moderate grazing can maintain vegetation stabilization; and light grazing can promote rapid restoration of degraded vegetation. The livestock productivity was the highest in the moderate grazing grassland, and sustained heavy grazing resulted in rapid decrease of the livestock productivity. Heavy grazing can cause a retrogressive succession of grassland vegetation, whereas moderate and light grazing may promote progressive succession of plant species. The effects of changing climate on succession processes were not significant in the short term; a warm-humid climate is favorable to restoration of degraded vegetation, whereas a sustained warm-drought climate may result in degradation of grassland vegetation. Heavy livestock grazing should be stopped for the sustainable use of grassland; the proper grazing intensity for sandy grassland is two to three sheep or sheep equivalents per hectare in Inner Mongolia.     

BOOK REVIEWS

Book Reviewed in this article: The Vanishing Farmland Crisis, Critical Views of the Movement to Preserve Agricultural Land . John Baden Protecting Farmlands . Frederick R. Steiner and John E. Theilacker Ecological Effects of Fire in South African Ecosystems . Peter de V. Booysen and Neil M. Tainton Geography in China . Wu Chuanjun , Wang Nailiang , Lin Chao and Zhao Songqiao Resource Inventory and Baseline Study Methods for Developing Countries . Francis Conant , Peter Rogers , Marion Baumgardner , Cyrus Mc Kell , Raymond Dasmann, and Priscilla Reining Principles of Remote Sensing . Paul J. Curran Famine As A Geographical Phenomenon . Bruce Currey and Graeme Hugo The Suburban Squeeze: Land Conversion and Regulation in the San Francisco Bay Area . David E. Dowall Senses of Place . John Eyles Uneven Development and the Geographical Transfer of Value . D. K. Forbes and P. J. Rimmer Issues in Wilderness Management . Michael Frome Land-use and Prehistory in South-east Spain , The London Research Series in Geography 8. Antonio Gilman and John B. Thornes with Stephen Wise Regions in Question, Space, Development Theory and Regional Policy . Charles Gore The Colorado River: Instability and Basin Management . William L. Graf Hazardous Waste Sites: The Credibility Gap . Michael R. Greenberg and Richard F. Anderson Peasants, Subsistence Ecology, and Development in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea . Lawrence S. Grossman Silver Cities: The Photography of American Urbanization, 1839-1915 Peter B. Hales Silicon Landscapes . Peter Hall and Ann Markusen Remaking Ibieca: Rural Life in Aragon under Franco . Susan F. Harding The European Energy Challenge: East and West . George W. Hoffman The Global Climate . John T. Houghton The Urban Jobless in Eastern Africa . Abel G. M. Ishumi . The Tourist: Travel in Twentieth-Century North America . John A. Jakle City and Society: An Outline for Urban Geography . R. J. Johnston Residential Segregation, The State and Constitutional Conflict in American Urban Areas . R. J. Johnston Accessibility and Utilization: Geographical Perspectives on Health Care Delivery . Alun E. Joseph and David R. Phillips To the Heart of Asia: The Life of Sven Hedin . George Kish North American Culture , Vol 1. Ary J. Lamme III Past and Present in the Americas: A Compendium of Recent Studies . John Lynch Ethnicity in Contemporary America: A Geographical Appraisal . Jesse O. Mc Kee The Shell Countryside Book . Richard Muir and Eric Duffey 1990 Planning Conference Series. Proceedings of the National Geographic Areas Conference . Proceedings of the Regional Geographic Areas Conferences Wood, Brick, and Stone: The North American Settlement Landscape . Vol. 2: Barns and Farm Structures . Allen G. Noble Bangladesh: Biography of a Muslim Nation . Charles Peter O'donnell     

The teleconnection between marine silicon supply and desertification in China

Desertification has been notably expanding in China in the recent decade, especially in North China where dust/sand storm (DSS) frequently assaulted local communities. Analyses in marine ecology found that the earth ecosystem could be able to complement nutrient silicon for keeping sustain- able development of marine ecosystem, and decreasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere; as a result, the area of desertification would be enlarged. Modern human being activities have resulted in constant changes in the amount of silicon transport from land into sea, leading to oversupply of nitrogen and phosphorus but silicon in seawater. The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon was seriously im- balanced and the limitation of silicon for phytoplankton growth has become more serious. The silicon de- ficiency has damaged the marine ecosystem in coastal regions and slowed down the carbon sedimentation in the atmosphere of the world. The authors believe that the continual discharge of CO2 into the atmos- phere is the cause for the global warming including marine water temperature rise. Consequently, the earth ecosystem would have to trigger its complementary action to resume to the silicon balance by algae bloom in seawater for reducing air and water temperatures. In order to complement nutrient silicon into the sea, the ecosystem would transport silicon via the atmosphere; therefore, the desertification in the in- ner land is a natural reaction. As marine phytoplankton booming can reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and further ease the green-house effect, during this process, a large amount of silicon are de- manded by the ecosystem, which human being are unable to stop desertification from happening but slow down the progress and ease the risk. Therefore, as an important role in earth ecosystem, people should reduce the CO2 discharge into the atmosphere first; then, the normal function of river transporting silicon must be restored. In this way, the CO2 in the atmosphere can be kept in balance, the global warming slowed down, marine ecosystem development sustained, the drought in inner land eased, and the desert gradually under-controlled.     

Research Agenda for Understanding Transboundary Ecosystem Changes and Eco-security in Southwestern China

Introduction One of the foremost challenges facing the world in the 21st century is maintaining global ecosystem diversity. This requires thorough understanding of ecosystem vulnerability and resilience. Economic globalization has forced nations to consid…