黄河流域文物保护单位空间分布特征及其影响因素

文物保护单位是历史时期区域科技、文化、生产、生活等信息的反映载体。运用核密度估算、最近邻指数、标准差椭圆等方法对黄河流域2 078处国家重点文保单位的空间密度、集散与方向特征给予分析,并运用地理探测器模型探索得出其空间分布的影响因素与交互作用。结果表明：（1）空间密度上,文保单位在黄河流域整体上呈现东密西疏、连片分布的空间特征,核心区数量由史前时期到近代以来呈现波动变化的发展趋势。（2）集散类型上,文保单位的最近临指数为0.38,属于集聚型分布类型。（3）方向特征上,文保单位在黄河流域多呈现东北—西南方向分布,但魏晋南北朝时期旋转角为89.85°,东西横向特征最明显。标准差椭圆重心整体上位于山西省运城市稷山县境内,但从史前时期到近代以来重心轨迹呈现西南—东北往复移动以及山西—陕西交替变化的特征。（4）文化事业经费、河网密度、年末人口数、非遗项目数量和A级景区数量均是黄河流域文保单位空间分布的主导因素,此外,影响因素两两交互作用后多表现出非线性增强或双因子增强型关系,与独立作用时相比更具有空间分布的解释力。     

京族海洋文化遗产保护

京族是我国的海洋民族,海洋文化遗产形态丰富,具有处环北部湾区的文化特质。京族海洋文化遗产正得到从政府到民间的保护,京族地区可以率先设立“海洋文化遗产日”,塑造海洋文化品牌,构建海洋文化交流媒介,把海洋文化保护工作推向更高的阶段。     

滨水区工业遗产保护与城市记忆延续研究——以杭州运河拱宸桥西工业遗产为例

工业遗产是社会工业文化的重要表征,承载着城市近现代化发展过程中的文化历史景观和记忆,为城市保留和建构了社会公共记忆的空间与素材。产业结构的转型和文脉保护意识的觉醒,使得滨水区遗存和集聚的码头、仓库、工厂成为近现代工业遗产。以杭州运河拱宸桥西工业遗产的博物馆化发展模式为案例,重点解析和梳理了滨水区工业遗产通过形态保护全面化、功能定位平民化、遗产展示活态化、运作机制创新化和展陈手法数字化等措施,有效延续城市记忆。最后,将杭州运河工业遗产的城市记忆延续归纳为“双层模式”,并访谈了多利益主体对其的评价,以期为未来类似研究提供一个比较参考。     

基于SEM的黄埔军校旧址纪念馆旅游解说效果评价

通过对黄埔军校旧址纪念馆游客的问卷调查,应用结构方程模型（Structural Equation Modeling,SEM）探讨了旅游解说对于游客形成国家认同的作用、机制与效果,检验3种主流解说效果评价模式的有效性和适用性。研究表明：解说效果与吸引物的类型及其保护和利用目的密切相关;游客解说有助于游客形成国家认同,可增进游客对历史的认知,增强其爱国意识和情感。文化遗产类吸引物的解说遵循着效果结构模式,其对游客的影响依循着知识获得―情感（态度）转变―行为调整的顺序渐进。同时,解说也会对游客的行为产生即时的直接影响。在文化遗产类吸引物的解说中,认知环节在很大程度上决定着解说的效果,解说手册和多媒体讲解系统对于帮助游客获得知识起着重要的作用。文化遗产旅游地除了配备相应的人员解说外,还应当重视非人员解说系统的建设和青少年游客的解说需求。     

Assessment of GIAHS in Shizuoka: The Traditional Tea-grass Integrated System

<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka     

ERAHS: A New Platform for the Exchange of Regional Information and Experience on Agricultural Heritage Systems

<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems     

红河哈尼梯田文化景观遗产地中学生环境解说需求

位于红河哈尼梯田世界文化遗产核心区内的元阳一中中学生为研究对象,采取问卷调查法,对遗产地中学生的环境解说需求进行分析。结果表明：在解说内容的需求上,环境知识（4.05）＞环境意识（4.00）＞环境技能（3.95）,且发现性别与环境意识、技能,年级与环境知识、意识、技能,地区与环境知识、技能具有显著性差异,说明遗产地中学生对环境解说内容整体处于需要状态,且不同社会背景特征的中学生具有明显的需求差异;解说活动与形式上：发现中学生对亲身体验（83.3%）、据点解说（80%）、实地考察（87.7%）等媒介和形式需求度高,对解说牌示（19.9%）互联网（19.9%、解说折页（17.5%）等媒介和形式的需求度较低,且发现性别与解说空间方式、传统节日解说方式、环境问题解说方式,年级与解说媒介、参与环境活动方式,居住形式、户口类别、地区与参与环境活动方式、解说活动类型均具有显著性相关关系,说明遗产地中学生对解说媒介和形式具有明显的需求差异,且这种差异与性别、年级、居住形式等社会背景具有明显的相关关系。总之,遗产地中学生对环境解说的需求明显且以参与性较强的亲身体验和实地考察为主,因此,针对这个群体的解说应该以参与式为主。     

山东省主要地质遗迹形成时代及分布特征

山东主要地质遗迹划分为标准地质剖面、著名古生物化石遗址、地质构造形迹、典型地质与地貌景观、特大型矿床、地质灾害遗迹等6大类。叙述了各类地质遗迹的形成时代及分布特征。对各地质公园的主要特征及地层、侵入岩中的主要地质遗迹进行了总结,对太古宇重要地质遗迹点的岩性、形成年龄作了介绍,为地质旅游提供了基础资料。     

Contrasting weathering and climate regimes in forested and cleared sandstone temples of the Angkor region

Comparative assessment of stone weathering intensities and bioclimatic conditions was conducted at four temples located in cleared and forested sites of the Angkor Park, based on similar protocols. Four thousand sculpted lotus petals carved in the same grey sandstone were categorized by using two customized scales of weathering intensity, and climate monitoring was conducted from December 2008 to November 2009. Whereas 70% of the sandstone lotus petals are almost completely destroyed by mechanical weathering in cleared areas, 74% of petals located in forested environments appear to be totally free of mechanical weathering and are only affected by superficial biochemical weathering. Ambient conditions are also contrasting, with the magnitude of the diurnal surface temperature and relative humidity ranges being three times higher at cleared sites than in wooded areas. As wetting–drying cycles are the driving force of sandstone decay at Angkor, causal links are suggested between weathering and climate regimes. In wooded areas, the microclimate is buffered by the forest and the associated lithobionts, which maintain constant humidity levels, reduce thermal stresses at the stone surface and induce a slow biochemical weathering regime. In cleared areas, direct exposure to sunshine and monsoon rains induces pronounced wetting–drying cycles conducive to swelling–shrinking movements and other potential processes, provoking the rapid mechanical decay of the sandstone. Even if local damage can be caused by tree roots, the forest cover and the associated lithobionts obviously play an overall protective role. Additionally, microtopographical factors related to architectural designs and post‐building events probably explain intra‐site and between site minor differences in the amount of sandstone decay, by influencing key factors such as the water residence time at the stone surface. Last, the contrasting weathering regimes in forested and cleared sites are but a trend, for besides overwhelming mechanical weathering, chemical weathering is also operative at cleared sites, as indicated by salt efflorescences and ferric oxidation. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

施秉喀斯特地貌世界遗产价值研究

对施秉喀斯特演化环境、地貌类型及分布、地貌演化史、石灰岩与白云岩地貌差异等特征进行研究,试图提炼施秉喀斯特的世界遗产地貌价值。研究表明：施秉喀斯特具有热带―亚热带地区独特的喀斯特地貌演化环境;展示了热带―亚热带地区独特而典型的白云岩峰丛峡谷喀斯特地貌景观,从分水岭至峡谷区呈现了峰林洼地―峰林谷地―峰丛谷地―峰丛峡谷喀斯特地貌逆向回春演替规律,是白云岩峡谷喀斯特地貌形态及地貌演化的模式地;记录了古生代以来3次较大的碰撞运动,即早古生代的加里东运动,晚古生代的海西造山运动,及中、新生代以来的印支运动、燕山运动和喜马拉雅山运动。燕山运动是本区最强烈的造山运动,产生了区内众多褶皱和断裂构造,奠定了施秉地区的地貌构造轮廓。喜马拉雅山运动,尤其是第二、三幕运动,全面塑造了施秉喀斯特峡谷地貌;施秉白云岩喀斯特地貌展现出与石灰岩封闭型地貌不同的以开放型地貌为主的特征,在中国南方喀斯特系列自然遗产中有重要地位,具备地貌世界遗产价值。