Two Brazilian archaeological sites investigated by GPR: Serrano and Morro Grande

The application of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) at two archaeological sites, Serrano and Morro Grande, situated in Araruama County, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, aids the study of a prehistoric indigenous culture, associated with the “Tupinambá” that inhabited the region during prehistoric times.The archaeological remains of the study area are mainly characterized by pottery artifacts for several uses, including funerary urns, which were buried within layers of sand and clay. Several profiles were acquired using a RAMAC system, with a 200 and 400 MHz frequency antennae. At the Serrano site, the profiles were acquired around some partially exposed pottery shards, due to sand exploitation. The resultant profiles provided a response model to guide the interpretation of new profiles acquired at other sites in the area, which present similar characteristics.The results showed the great importance of the dielectric permittivity contrast which exists between the targets and the host media, in order for possibly significant features to be identified in radar data.     

北京城市地质工作服务的新方向——地质遗迹景观资源的开发利用

本文在阐述北京城市地质工作和地质遗迹景观资源开发利用现状的基础上,通过地质公园建设实例,从推动地方经济发展和当地居民就业、加快城镇基础设施和生态环境建设、提升地学旅游品位和公众保护地质遗迹意识等三个方面论证了地质公园在保障城市经济健康和可持续发展中发挥的重要作用,从而有力阐明了开发利用地质遗迹景观资源是北京城市地质工作服务的一个新方向。本文还提出了今后北京地区地质遗迹景观资源开发利用对策。     

基于地质遗迹资源保护利用价值的保护区划分——以云南盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园为例

地质遗迹资源保护利用价值是合理划分保护区的基础.本文以盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源为例，从地质遗迹资源利用性和脆弱性两个方面构建地质遗迹资源保护利用价值评价指标体系，运用层次分析法确定地质遗迹资源保护利用价值评价因子权重.采用专家咨询法建立地质遗迹资源保护等级划分标准.利用菲什拜因-罗森伯格模型对盐津地质公园典型地质遗迹资源进行保护利用价值评价并划分保护等级.根据保护利用价值评价结果，利用Sufer9.0软件制作地质遗迹资源保护利用等值线图，结合地质遗迹资源保护的便利性与地方相关规划的协调性，绘制出盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园地质遗迹资源保护分区图，结果为：盐津乌蒙峡谷地质公园特级保护区面积0.06 km²，一级保护区面积11.74 km²，二级保护区面积23.47 km²，三级保护区面积75.07 km².     

Tourist farms in Lower Silesia, Poland

In view of the small size of most Polish farms, attempts have been made to encourage diversification into rural tourism. The paper examines the progress made in Lower Silesia which has good resources for domestic and international tourism. Thanks to the promotional work of the Agricultural Consultative Centres over a hundred farms are now providing services. They do not generate a large share of the farm income but business is expanding and some areas are becoming very popular. Thus a base has been established for future expansion. Further development depends on easier access to credit and government support for ecological agriculture. Better promotion is also needed to increase interest in rural tourism in Poland and attract more visitors from abroad. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

基于AHP的文物建筑防雷分类研究

通过对文物建筑雷电灾害规律的分析,提出将文物建筑的重要性、雷击密度、所处环境、服务设施、文物建筑高度、周围树木、自身结构、雷击史等作为文物建筑防雷分类的评估指标,采用层次分析法(AHP)确定指标权重。根据文物建筑保护等级、遭受雷灾规律、雷电活动情况以及现行国家标准将评估指标分类,参考里克特量表及等权指标体系对评估指标进行评价,建立了文物建筑防雷分类评估模型。     

Historical influences on the current provision of multiple ecosystem services

Ecosystem service provision varies temporally in response to natural and human-induced factors, yet research in this field is dominated by analyses that ignore the time-lags and feedbacks that occur within socio-ecological systems. The implications of this have been unstudied, but are central to understanding how service delivery will alter due to future land-use/cover change. Urban areas are expanding faster than any other land-use, making cities ideal study systems for examining such legacy effects. We assess the extent to which present-day provision of a suite of eight ecosystem services, quantified using field-gathered data, is explained by current and historical (stretching back 150 years) landcover. Five services (above-ground carbon density, recreational use, bird species richness, bird density, and a metric of recreation experience quality (continuity with the past) were more strongly determined by past landcover. Time-lags ranged from 20 (bird species richness and density) to over 100 years (above-ground carbon density). Historical landcover, therefore, can have a strong influence on current service provision. By ignoring such time-lags, we risk drawing incorrect conclusions regarding how the distribution and quality of some ecosystem services may alter in response to land-use/cover change. Although such a finding adds to the complexity of predicting future scenarios, ecologists may find that they can link the biodiversity conservation agenda to the preservation of cultural heritage, and that certain courses of action provide win-win outcomes across multiple environmental and cultural goods.     

中国赏石文化内涵之探讨

本文通过对中国赏石文化的历史、理念、人文、艺术和学术的探讨,试图从中发掘中国赏石文化的内涵,把古代＂瘦漏透皱＂和现代＂形质纹色＂的相石标准,提升到＂道魂气韵＂的赏石意境。     

国外非物质文化遗产旅游研究综述与启示——基于近20年ATR、TM文献的考察

本文通过对近二十年来国际著名旅游学术期刊《Annals of Tourism Research》、《Tourism Management》所刊载的有关非物质文化遗产旅游文献的学术梳理发现,国外研究主题主要集中在非物质文化遗产旅游的真实性与商品化、政治性质、旅游影响、立法保护、动力机制等方面。研究方法多采用民族志田野调查法、参与观察法、问卷调查法、深度访谈法等,理论探索多基于文化人类学和社会学等相关理论。其学术取向明显不同于国内非物质文化遗产保护与旅游开发的应用对策研究视角,具有一定的启发意义。     

地理学视角下非物质文化遗产的跨地方实践

非物质文化遗产不仅是来源于过去的特定区域的传统实践,更是生成于全球化体系中面向未来的现代文化政治和文化经济过程。因此,本文尝试以跨地方性理论为切入点,架构非遗的形成、运作和认同的社会—空间过程,在此基础上使用跨地方聚合的思想重新概念化非遗实践,将其解读为多元主体权力关系中介下,由跨地方异质性要素聚合而成的不稳定的开放系统,以区别于固有对非遗实践“稳定”“以人为中心”和“边界化”的认知。通过分析云南鹤庆银器锻制技艺和摩梭纺织技艺两个案例来呈现非遗实践作为跨地方聚合的过程及特性,以及非遗传承和保护由此所面对的机遇和挑战,呼吁在重视非遗服务于乡村振兴等发展战略的潜力时,要进一步认识非遗实践的跨地方性对本土社区的影响,反思遗产原真性和文化价值与当前非遗实践的关系,强调在非遗全球化生产和消费中保持其与本土认同和本土生计之间的关联。     

南海《更路簿》“遗产化”的路径和机制

“遗产化”是一个动态复杂的社会过程。基于在海南省琼海、文昌两市的田野调查,采用“自上而下”和“自下而上”相融合的研究路径,分析手抄南海航行路线指南《更路簿》“遗产化”路径和影响机制,以及交织在其中的复杂社会关系和地方影响因素。研究表明：“他者”和海南渔民在《更路簿》“遗产化”过程中会产生相互作用,其作用力量强于“我者”;《更路簿》由渔民家庭内部相传的用于出海作业的“秘本”转为公共领域的具有主权物证价值的“文化遗产”,渔民被赋予了南海“发现者” “经营者”的身份标签;文物收集和文化活动推进了“遗产化”并使不同群体产生互动,“我者”可在“他者”开展的遗产工作中干预“他者”的遗产认知和行为方式;《更路簿》可转化为旅游资源,但尚未形成强有力的“卖点”带动旅游业,居民在利用其带来的经济机会方面处于弱势;“遗产化”有助于《更路簿》记忆的复现和保存,但渔民的“个体记忆”被削弱,也使地方文化结构被重构;《更路簿》在琼海的植根性和“遗产化”效果强于文昌。