调战略 抓创新 建队伍—浅论地勘单位经营观

本文结合江西地勘局勘单位的实际，总结了在改革和发展中取得的经验教训，运用工商管理理论，就地勘单位如何实现现经营战略提出了基本对策，即确立目标，创新意识，调整战略，建立企业家群体。     

地方创业与产业集群互动关系的研究进展与展望

本文依托国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于地方创业视角的产业集群转型机制研究——以珠江三角洲为例”,采用个人—组织—外部环境交互反馈的分析框架,从产业集群促进地方创业产生和发展的环境,以及地方创业主体战略促进集群转型两个方面,梳理现有关于地方创业与集群发展的互动关系的成果。主要研究成果为：就地方创业的孵化而言,集群内成功创业家正面的示范效应是促进创业意愿产生的主要因素,而个人在集群内商业网络的社会根植程度能促进潜在创业家对原所在集群的区位偏好,从而促进创业活动的本地化发展。就地方创业的成长而言,应该关注集群内组织生态结构和创业生态系统环境,以及新创企业成立后与本地母体企业的动态组织联系。同时,地方创业主体也是产业集群的积极塑造者。以珠江三角洲为例的研究表明,在核心城市(广州)的成熟集群内,新一代创业企业通过自主区位选择可以改变集群的空间形态和层次;而在边缘城市(揭阳),本地企业的制度创业行为是集群升级的重要途径,本地创业家通过多地理尺度的认同反馈战略,吸引外部资源并构建跨地方的合作网络。最后对地方创业与产业集群互动关系的研究内容和方法进行展望。     

Protecting “First world” markets and “Third world” nature: The politics of illegal logging in Australia,the European Union and the United States

Global forest governance has recently seen the emergence of a timber legality regime. In an aim to regulate global timber trade flows, the US, the EU and Australia adopted laws prohibiting illegally harvested timber from entering their markets. While some view this as a milestone for environmental and social stewardship in the global forest sector, the effects of the regime remain contested.In order to better understand likely effects of the regime, we apply the Discursive Agency Approach to analyze discursive dynamics of policy making among the stakeholders involved in the creation of each law and their effects on governance design and implementation.Based on 120 interviews in the US, Australia, the EU and with global organizations/institutions, as well as 19 informal conversations, 300 documents, and participant observation data, our results show that legality is a powerful concept in forest governance. Drawing attention away from sustainability, it enables discursive divides between the global North and South as well as between wood producers and importers. These divides were crucial for the emergence of the legality regime. While some forest industry groups perceived the new laws as an opportunity, others saw them as a threat. In all three regions this led to coalitions between supportive industry factions and environmental groups. These coalitions were based on a complementarity of goals; environmentalists aimed to protect “Third World” forests while industry groups aimed to protect “First World” markets against growing competition from these former regions. Yet each coalition was composed differently and employed distinct – albeit related – discursive strategies in policy making. This affected the design of each law and its implementation. The shift from sustainability towards legality re-surfaces prominently in implementation. Stakeholder discussions range from coercive “threatening” to more learning-oriented “educating” approaches. We conclude by discussing the effects these discursive struggles in Australia, the EU and the US have on the global timber legality regime.     

Kenya's regional ambitions or China's Belt‐and‐Road? News media representations of the Mombasa‐Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway

Kenya's Standard Gauge Railway (SGR), and its construction and financing by China, exemplifies the prominence accorded to mega‐infrastructural projects in contemporary economic development, as well as the dependence this has engendered on external loans. Alongside, multiple geographies intertwine in the SGR which is both a component of China's global ‘Belt and Road Initiative’ (BRI), as well as an East African regional link between coastal Kenya and neighbouring landlocked countries. In most popular and academic analyses, the role of China is emphasized over the SGR's positioning within East Africa. Does this then lead to an undermining of the meanings that are attached to the SGR within Kenya? This article seeks to add Kenyan perspectives to the debate over China's infrastructural loans by examining the range of news media discourses that have emerged around the SGR. Utilizing the theoretical lens of South‐South cooperation and African agency, this study analyzes how material infrastructure becomes meaningful within the context of a political superstructure. For Kenya, this political superstructure is shaped not only by Kenya‐China relations, but also by infrastructural competitions within East Africa, as well as within Kenya itself.     

政府能动性对外部冲击型战略耦合断裂的暂时性调节研究——以江苏省昆山市为例

突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情在全球蔓延肆虐,国家间和区域间的人员、货物流动阻滞,对全球生产网络带来了巨大冲击。受此影响,涉外企业纷纷出现了与国际市场、供应链、劳动力、金融资本之间的短暂割裂。在此外部冲击面前,基于全球经济深度链接的战略耦合理论,无法有效解释全球生产网络出现的被动性、暂时性、突发性的耦合断裂。以江苏省昆山市为例,通过深入访谈和调研,重点研究地方政府能动性在维系战略耦合联系中的作用机制。研究发现,昆山政府以本地产业链供应链信息的系统掌握为基础,综合运用协调整合、政策支撑、资源调配等能力,修复导致耦合断裂的环节或重建新耦合。本文提出外部冲击型耦合断裂这一概念,丰富拓展了对战略耦合动态性的认识。其次,本文深化了对政府-全球生产网络互动联结的理解,讨论了地方政府在维系战略耦合联系中的能动性作用和局限性。     

"人往哪里走"——对地勘单位职工下岗问题的思考

下岗和再就业是当前全社会普遍关注的问题。本文以地勘单位为例,较系统地分析了地勘单位下岗人员多和再就业困难的原因。同时结合地勘单位的特点,提出了５条对策和建议。     

组团旅游空间规律及影响因素

组团旅游在旅游地开发及旅游市场上占有重要地位。由于一些因素的影响,旅行社设计的组团旅游路线在空间上表现出异于个体旅游的特点,从而对景点的开发和服务设施的选址产生影响。     

致灾营力当量预报预警方法探讨--以山东省地质灾害-气象预报预警为例

山东省地质灾害-气象预报预警研究中,受重力滑块启发,并通过分析研究地质构造、气象条件及已发地质灾害规律,发现了致灾营力当量定律。运用该定律将岩性、构造、降雨致灾因素作用统一到坡度致灾作用上,编制专用软件。以0.25km×0.25km为计算单元实现了全省空间范围的致灾营力当量计算。根据降雨诱发地质灾害危险性级别致灾营力当量阈值,追踪出地质灾害危险性预警级别。依据预警级别,发布地质灾害-气象预警信息。     

能动性视角下中国新工人空间生产的研究框架与展望

新马克思主义空间政治理论对劳动力地理的研究经历了从阶级斗争地理到劳工地理的转变。阶级斗争地理强调资本主导的空间生产发源于资本主义阶级斗争,劳工地理研究则将劳动力视为与资本一样具有“时空修复”能力的行为主体,工人能动性开始受到广泛关注。中国正在崛起的新兴产业工人——农民工群体,随着社会进步和代际变迁,其在权益焦点、表达方式及实践效能等方面都在不断发生变化,并不断以其特有的“时空修复”改变既有的劳动关系和塑造自身的经济地理景观。论文将研究视角接续到新马克思主义空间生产理论中,尝试构建能动性视角下的中国新工人空间生产研究框架。能动性视角是一种批判性视角,在日常空间实践过程中,抗争的生产与再生产政治、融入的生活政治和创造的身份政治构成新工人空间生产的能动机制,并在全球化、在地等外部机制推动下,三元机制互动形成新工人感知空间、构想空间、生活空间等3类空间生产的基本过程,以及这一过程中社会关系格局和地方劳动力市场管制体制的重构。最后,论文展望了未来的研究方向：新工人空间生产的机制及其经济地理重构的关系研究、新工人能动性的区域差异研究、新工人能动性与地方劳动力市场管制体制的互动研究、乡村回流劳动力的能动性研究。     

Contracts,Seagrass, and Discourses: nonhuman mediators in the planning of the Mangles Bay Marina

ABSTRACT

Planning with things other-than-human and exploring the more-than-human dimensions of cities has failed to ignite within the discipline of planning. Humans and the human perspective remain privileged throughout both planning theory and practice. However, slowly over the course of the past two decades there has been a trickle of Actor Network Theory-based planning studies allowing the discipline to dip its toes into the more-than-human realm. This paper uses empirical evidence to demonstrate the role and influence of particular nonhumans as active mediators in the politics of planning processes and the production of more-than-human urban spaces. In doing so, the paper raises ethical questions around the existing anthropocentric approach to the assessment and deliberation of planned development where living nonhumans are affected. Utilising the case study of the proposed Mangles Bay Marina, in the southern suburbs of Perth, Western Australia, the paper will illustrate the influence of three types of nonhuman actors: living nonhuman species; discursive text and talk; and technical artefacts.