东濮凹陷岩性油气藏勘探方法初探

岩性油气藏已成为渤海湾盆地内各凹陷重要的勘探对象。笔者根据对东濮凹陷形成演化、沉积特征的研究，结合油田下洼勘探的需要，提出了断层分析法进行岩性油气藏勘探，总结出3种模式，经在多个地区应用取得了较好的效果。该方法立足于构造对沉积的控制作用和地震资料对断层的识别能力高于对砂体的分辨能力，操作简便、实用，对断陷盆地的深化勘探具有指导意义。     

渤海湾盆地垦利断裂带构造与油气关系研究

本文在分析垦利断裂带断裂构造特征的基础上,探讨了该地区断裂构造对油气运聚的控制作用。研究表明,垦利断裂带油气沿断层运聚主要有2种模式：①沿断层垂向运移和聚集;②横穿断层的运移和聚集。油气大规模地横穿断层的运移和聚集主要发生在垦利和垦东6断层的深部和浅部层段。根据在垦利断裂带已发现的油田(藏)总结出4种成藏模式,即同层成藏、潜山成藏、跨断层成藏和沿断层成藏,认为该地区的油气分布受构造因素控制,并对该地区隐蔽圈闭(油气藏)的勘探前景作了分析。     

沉积盆地异常低压(负压)与油气分布

在沉积盆地油气勘探过程中,异常压力与油气聚集的关系愈显密切,而异常压力不仅仅是指异常高压,国内外在发现许多异常高压油气藏的同时,也发现了相当数量的异常低压油气藏,而且异常低压在世界许多盆地中均有分布。因此,深入研究异常低压的形成机理及与油气分布的关系,同样重要和不容忽视。本文介绍了异常低压的概念、特征和分类,详细分析了异常低压的形成机制：地层剥蚀卸载后的弹性回返(反弹)作用、流体的供排不平衡、轻烃的扩散作用、断裂和不整合面的压力释放作用、渗透作用和温度变化等;最后论述了异常低压与油气分布的关系。     

Quantifying 20th century deposition in complex estuarine environment: An example from the Hudson River

Sediment processes in estuaries are controlled by the interaction of factors that include tides, fresh water inputs, bed morphology, sediment supply, and hydrodynamics. The interaction of these factors strongly influences the pattern of sediment deposition. The ability to quantify sediment deposition on a regional scale will improve the understanding of the underlying processes, and provide valuable information for managing estuarine systems. This paper describes our approach for obtaining the deposition pattern and quantifying the amount of 20th century impacted sediments in the Haverstraw Bay section of the Hudson River Estuary. Through the combination of high-resolution seismic data and rapidly acquired geochemical information from numerous sediment cores, we estimate that our study site experiences an average sediment accumulation rate of ∼3 mm/y and that ∼75,000 t/y or ∼10% of the annual total sediment input measured at the Poughkeepsie, NY gauging station (USGS) is stored in this reach of the Hudson River on ∼100 y timescales. A detailed analysis of the depositional pattern indicates that the accumulation rate varies considerably throughout the study area ranging from non-depositional to >8 mm/y. Our data also clearly indicate that the dredged channel in Haverstraw Bay is currently the main focus of deposition in this area.     

铝胁迫对海莲幼苗中某些金属元素累积的影响

对海莲(Brugiera sexangula)幼苗进行不同浓度的铝盐处理,采用微波消解和电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定了海莲幼苗叶片,茎和根组分的Na、Mg、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Cu、Zn和Al金属元素含量。结果显示,随培养液Al浓度的增加,海莲叶片、茎和根部Al的积累增加,其中根组分增加尤为显著。Al胁迫下,海莲根部对Na的吸收增强,但在叶和茎中的变化不显著;10 mmol/L的Al处理促进了根对K的吸收;Al显著抑制了Mn和Fe在海莲中的积累;Cu、Zn含量在海莲各器官中的变化不一致。此外,25 mmol/L和50 mmol/L Al处理的海莲幼苗根部对Ca的积累显著增加,有利于Al毒害的缓解作用。     

南堡凹陷4号构造带蛤坨断层特征与油气成藏关系

南堡凹陷4号构造带断裂发育,既发育沟通烃源岩的深断裂,也发育沟通浅层圈闭的次级断裂。综合利用地震、测井、岩性等资料分析断层的空间展布,计算蛤坨断层的生长指数和断层泥比率（SGR）,分析断层的活动性、封堵性,评价其输导性能,并结合其与烃源岩生排烃期的匹配关系研究断裂与油气运移、聚集的关系及控制规律。在典型油气藏剖面解剖的基础上,建立了4号构造带油气运聚成藏模式。     

The Weixi High-silica Granitoids in the Central Sanjiang Orogenic Belt, Southwest China: Implications for Growth of the Continental Crust

High-silica granitoids record the formation and evolution of the continental crust. A new intrusive complex has been recognized among silicic volcanic rocks of the Weixi arc, Southwest China. The intrusions consist of granites, granitic porphyries, and granodiorites. Zircon U-Pb age data indicate that the Weixi granitoids formed at 248–240 Ma and were coeval with silicic volcanic rocks of the Weixi arc. The Weixi granitoids are enriched in Rb, Th, and U, depleted in Ba, Sr, Nb, Ta, and Ti, and have high light/heavy rare earth element ratios and slightly negative Eu anomalies. The Weixi granitoids have negative εNd(t) values (?9.8 to ?7.8) and negative zircon εHf(t) values (?12.02 to ?5.11). The geochemical and isotopic features suggest the Weixi granitoids were derived by partial melting of ancient crustal material. The Weixi granitoids and silicic volcanic rocks were derived from the same magma by crystal accumulation and melt extraction, respectively, and they record the formation of a continental arc in the central Sanjiang orogenic belt.     

福建省数字化钻孔体应变观测资料质量初步分析

对整个福建省的钻孔体应变仪器运行状况进行了综合评价,并对4个台站的观测资料质量进行了分析,用M2波潮汐因子及其相对中误差等来衡量其总体精度和稳定性,还分析了钻孔应变观测的干扰机理和特征,希望能够正确地认识以及排除观测资料中的非异常信息,提高观测精度,为地震分析预报提供可靠的前兆资料。     

泌阳凹陷下二门油田油气成藏机制探讨

为了弄清下二门油田的油气成藏机理,利用包裹体、平衡剖面和生烃史模拟等技术,详细分析了其油气充注成藏过程,结果表明,早期(古近纪核二末期至核一末期)油气小规模缓慢充注,形成早期小规模油气藏;中期(古近纪廖庄期末构造抬升期)受差异抬升构造运动影响,油气大规模快速充注,形成中期大规模原生背斜油气藏;晚期(新近纪上寺组沉积末期)断裂发育,早、中期原生油气藏遭受破坏,同时深凹区核三下、上段生成的高成熟油气沿砂体侧向运移补给,油气大规模沿断层向上运移,遇遮挡形成大量次生油气藏和气藏。     

黄腊石滑坡基岩弯曲松弛带工程地质特性、形成机制及失稳预测

黄腊石滑坡是发育在三叠系中统巴东组砂泥岩夹灰岩构成的逆倾坡上的滑坡群,总方量约1 800×104 m3.滑坡滑带下面存在着大致连续分布的基岩弯曲松弛带.对于该松弛带工程地质特性的认识,将影响防治工程方案的设计及实施.本文通过野外工作、以往工作资料和研究成果的收集整理及再认识,对该滑坡下伏松弛带工程地质特性、形成机制及失稳预测作了一定深度的探讨,认为基岩弯曲松弛带是发生在特定的岩层中,由构造、重力、侵蚀、岩溶、风化、降雨及上部滑坡等因素共同作用的产物,工程地质环境质量较差,受重力及其上滑体滑动等因素影响,后期改造明显.在斜坡长期受重力累积变形、三峡水库运行期江水位变化及库岸再造作用下,将形成牵引式滑动.防治工程应在削方、排水等基础上,重点考虑防止库岸再造和斜坡坡脚部位变形.