青壮年人脑囊虫病CT与临床表现对照研究

本文收集了总结了４０例脑囊虫病的临床资料，并对其ＣＴ表现及病理进行了对照分析，其中脑实型１６例，脑膜型４例，脑室型２例，混合型１８例。作者认为ＣＴ诊断脑事虫病具有很大的特征性：（１）低密度囊状病灶，（２）高密度点状或结节状病灶（３）低密度囊状病灶壁有点状结节状高密度影。ＣＴ检查在显示脑囊虫的数目，位置及分型方面明显优于其它检查。     

泡沫流变模型试验研究

泡沫流变模型是进行泡沫钻井流变和水力参数计算、指导实际作业的理论基础。通过室内精确测试泡沫流过模拟实钻循环管路压差和流速的变化对泡沫流变性进行研究，结果表明，泡沫流体可用幂律假塑性模型和宾汉塑性模型来表征，以幂律假塑性模型最接近实际流变性。     

Kinetics of the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with alkyl nitrates and with some oxygen-containing organic compounds studied under simulated atmospheric conditions

Rate constants have been measured for the reactions of hydroxyl radicals with alkyl nitrates and with some oxygen-containing organic compounds by a competitive technique. Mixtures of synthetic air containing a few ppm of nitrous acid, ethylene and the organic substrate were photolysed in a Teflon bag smog chamber. Based on the value k _HO+C2H₄}=8.1×10^-12 cm³ molecule^-1 s^-1 the following rate constants were obtained for the hydroxyl radical reactions at 750 Torr and at 303 K in units of 10^-12 cm³ molecule^-1: CH₃ONO₂, 0.37±0.09; C₂H₅ONO₂, 0.48±0.20; n-C₃H₇ONO₂, 0.70±0.22; C₂H₅OH, 3.6±0.4; CH₃COCH₃, 0.26±0.08; CH₃CO₂ i-C₃H₇, 3.0±0.8; CH₃CO₂ n-C₃H₇, 2.4±0.2. The results are discussed in relation to the available literature data and the implications of the results are considered in terms of the smog reactivity of these molecules.     

Preliminary isotopic studies in the Bida basin,central Nigeria

The area of the Bida basin is lacking in essential data for effective groundwater management. Hydrological studies using environmental isotopes (²H,³H,¹³C,¹⁸O) were carried out in the basin during the 1987–1988 hydrological year on samples of rainfall, streams, springs, and groundwater. The results obtained results do not indicate the presence of paleowaters; rather all groundwaters in the basin are found to be of meteoric origin as bothD and ¹⁸O values of the samples, plotted in the conventional way, align with the meteoric water line (MWL). Moreover, these data show the deeper, and apparently older, groundwater to be more depleted in the heavy stable isotopes than the shallower, relatively younger groundwaters, indicating recharge under cooler climatic conditions for the former. Measured tritium values range from 0.7 to 23.8 TU and show a variation with both depth and lithology, while at the same time indicating that active recent recharge is taking place basin-wide. The few¹³C data available were used to illustrate the effect of pumping on the carbonate geochemistry of the groundwaters. Also, the stable isotope data from the basin were compared with similar data from other parts of the country to show the continental effect.     

Rheological Properties of Partially Molten Lherzolite

Lherzolite samples synthesized from fine-grained powders preparedfrom a natural xenolith were deformed at P = 300 MPa and 1373     

Dispersion modelling of air pollution caused by road traffic using a Markov Chain–Monte Carlo model

 Although the strict legislation regarding vehicle emissions in Europe (EURO 4, EURO 5) will lead to a remarkable reduction of emissions in the near future, traffic related air pollution still can be problematic due to a large increase of traffic in certain areas. Many dispersion models for line-sources have been developed to assess the impact of traffic on the air pollution levels near roads, which are in most cases based on the Gaussian equation. Previous studies gave evidence, that such kind of models tend to overestimate concentrations in low wind speed conditions or when the wind direction is almost parallel to the street orientation. This is of particular interest, since such conditions lead generally to the highest observed concentrations in the vicinity of streets. As many air quality directives impose limits on high percentiles of concentrations, it is important to have good estimates of these quantities in environmental assessment studies. The objective of this study is to evaluate a methodology for the computation of especially those high percentiles required by e.g. the EU daughter directive 99/30/EC (for instance the 99.8 percentile for NO₂). The model used in this investigation is a Markov Chain – Monte Carlo model to predict pollutant concentrations, which performs well in low wind conditions as is shown here. While usual Lagrangian models use deterministic time steps for the calculation of the turbulent velocities, the model presented here, uses random time steps from a Monte Carlo simulation and a Markov Chain simulation for the sequence of the turbulent velocities. This results in a physically better approach when modelling the dispersion in low wind speed conditions. When Lagrangian dispersion models are used for regulatory purposes, a meteorological pre-processor is necessary to obtain required input quantities like Monin-Obukhov length and friction velocity from routinely observed data. The model and the meteorological pre-processor applied here, were tested against field data taken near a major motorway south of Vienna. The methodology used is based on input parameters, which are also available in usual environmental assessment studies. Results reveal that the approach examined is useful and leads to reasonable concentration levels near motorways compared to observations. We wish to thank Andreas Schopper (Styrian Government) for providing air quality values, M. Kalina for providing the raw data of the air quality stations near the motorway and J. Kukkonen for providing the road site data set from the Finish Meteorological Institute (FMI). The study was partly funded by the Austrian science fund under the project P14075-TEC.     

晚新元古代瓮安生物群研究新进展

产于贵州瓮安，福泉，开阳地区晚新元古代陡山陀期磷块岩中的多细胞藻类，大型带刺疑源类，蓝菌丝状体和细菌化石，球状微体化石，后生动物化石等构成的瓮安生物群是世界上目前发现保存最完美的一个古生物群之一，本文在简单介绍翁安生物群研究现状的基础上，首次批露了笔者近些年来觅获和初步研究的单细胸原生动物，多细胞类海绵动物和类腕足类后生动物等一批新的动物化石资料，为地球早期动物起源，早期生物组织分化，适应辐射，生物多样化和早期海洋生物生态系统提供了珍贵的化石实证材料，此外，还论述了瓮安生物群发现的科学意义。     

Geographic Information Technologies and the History of a Shoreline: The Case of Chapter 91 in New Bedford,Massachusetts*

This article discusses the use of geographic information technologies to assist researchers in the exploration of historical databases. The case study is a pilot project in which we used geographic information systems (GIS) and global positioning systems (GPS) to study the history of the Public Waterfront Act (the “Chapter 91” program), a policy designed to balance private property rights, public interest, and environmental protection in the Massachusetts tidelands. The issues discussed range from the role of GIS in society and its limitations as a representational tool to the ability of current GIS to deal with historical data and to manage temporal attributes.     

山西省农业气象服务系统

介绍目前山西省农业气象服务系统的特点、设计思路及应用情况。     

20世纪90年代国外花岗岩类研究的某些重大进展

对 2 0世纪 90年代国外花岗岩类研究几个方面的进展情况进行了评述 :I型 /S型花岗岩成因的新模式、磁铁矿系列 /钛铁矿系列花岗岩成因、从ISAM到以综合标志为基础的新的花岗岩地球动力学分类、从以大陆边缘板块俯冲带为主扩大到大陆内部碰撞造山带的花岗岩研究地域及太古宙TTG成因 ,并力图阐明提出问题和解决问题的思路及着手研究的途径。这些内容表明花岗岩研究已进入一个新的发展阶段 ,即从以个别岩体、岩套为主的研究发展到对全球不同构造背景下的花岗岩进行地球动力学研究。作为地壳重要组成的花岗岩物质可以作为地球动力学环境的标志及其演化的示踪剂 ,反演出不同地球动力学环境下大陆地壳的形成和再循环过程