全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5665篇 |
免费 | 794篇 |
国内免费 | 791篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 213篇 |
大气科学 | 583篇 |
地球物理 | 1984篇 |
地质学 | 2050篇 |
海洋学 | 730篇 |
天文学 | 158篇 |
综合类 | 180篇 |
自然地理 | 1352篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 21篇 |
2023年 | 43篇 |
2022年 | 112篇 |
2021年 | 181篇 |
2020年 | 230篇 |
2019年 | 242篇 |
2018年 | 190篇 |
2017年 | 206篇 |
2016年 | 203篇 |
2015年 | 251篇 |
2014年 | 251篇 |
2013年 | 433篇 |
2012年 | 242篇 |
2011年 | 299篇 |
2010年 | 230篇 |
2009年 | 391篇 |
2008年 | 349篇 |
2007年 | 373篇 |
2006年 | 395篇 |
2005年 | 336篇 |
2004年 | 277篇 |
2003年 | 233篇 |
2002年 | 250篇 |
2001年 | 198篇 |
2000年 | 183篇 |
1999年 | 161篇 |
1998年 | 156篇 |
1997年 | 155篇 |
1996年 | 103篇 |
1995年 | 86篇 |
1994年 | 101篇 |
1993年 | 54篇 |
1992年 | 48篇 |
1991年 | 50篇 |
1990年 | 32篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 26篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 15篇 |
1984年 | 21篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 10篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1963年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有7250条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
The effects of damping in various laminated rubber bearings (LRB) on the seismic response of a ?‐scale isolated test structure are investigated by shaking table tests and seismic response analyses. A series of shaking table tests of the structure were performed for a fixed base design and for a base isolation design. Two different types of LRB were used: natural rubber bearings (NRB) and lead rubber bearings (LLRB). Three different designs for the LLRB were tested; each design had a different diameter of lead plug, and thus, different damping values. Artificial time histories of peak ground acceleration 0.4g were used in both the tests and the analyses. In both shaking table tests and analyses, as expected, the acceleration responses of the seismically isolated test structure were considerably reduced. However, the shear displacement at the isolators was increased. To reduce the shear displacement in the isolators, the diameter of the lead plug in the LLRB had to be enlarged to increase isolator damping by more than 24%. This caused the isolator stiffness to increase, and resulted in amplifying the floor acceleration response spectra of the isolated test structure in the higher frequency ranges with a monotonic reduction of isolator shear displacement. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
92.
The main landforms within the glacially scoured Precambrian rocks of the Swedish west coast are closely connected to the principal structural pattern and have lately been explained as mainly a result of etch processes, probably during the Mesozoic and with a possible second period of etching during the Neogene. To explore the effect of multiple glacial erosion on the rock surfaces, an island with two different lithologies and with striae from different directions was selected for a detailed study, focusing on the shape of roches moutonnées. Air‐photo interpretation of bedrock lineaments and roches moutonnées combined with detailed field mapping and striae measurements are used to interpret the structural and lithological control on the resulting shape. The study reveals a significant difference in shape between roches moutonnées in augen‐granite and orthogneiss. Low elongated and streamlined roches moutonnées occur in the gneiss area, striated by a Late Weichselian ice flow from the NE. This ice flow is subparallel with both the local dominant trend of topographically well‐expressed joints and the schistosity of the gneiss. Frequently, there are no signs of quarrying on the lee‐sides of the gneiss roches moutonnées and hence they resemble the shape of whalebacks, or ruwares, as typically associated with the exposed basal weathering surface found in tropical areas. The granite roches moutonnées were formed by an older ice flow from the ESE, which closely followed the etched WNW–ESE joint system of the granite. Late Weichselian ice flow from the NE caused only minor changes of the landforms. On the contrary, marks of the early ESE ice flow are poorly preserved in the gneiss area, where it probably never had any large effect as the flow was perpendicular to both schistosity and structures and, accordingly, also to the pre‐glacial relief. The study demonstrates that coincidence between ice flow direction and pre‐glacially etched structures is most likely to determine the effects of glacial erosion. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
93.
Channel curvature produces secondary currents and a transverse sloping channel bed, along which the depth increases towards the outer bank. As a result deep pools tend to form adjacent to the outer bank, promoting bank collapse. The interaction of sediment grains with the primary and secondary flow and the transverse sloping bed also causes meanders to move different grain sizes in different proportions and directions, resulting in a consistent sorting pattern. Several models have been developed to describe this process, but they all have the potential to over‐predict pool depth because they cannot account for the influence of erodible banks. In reality, bank collapse might lead to the development of a wider, shallower cross‐section and any resulting flow depth discrepancy can bias associated predictions of flow, sediment transport, and grain‐size sorting. While bed topography, sediment transport and grain sorting in bends will partly be controlled by the sedimentary characteristics of the bank materials, the magnitude of this effect has not previously been explored. This paper reports the development of a model of flow, sediment transport, grain‐size sorting, and bed topography for river bends with erodible banks. The model is tested via intercomparison of predicted and observed bed topography in one low‐energy (5·3 W m?2 specific stream power) and one high‐energy (43·4 W m?2) study reach, namely the River South Esk in Scotland and Goodwin Creek in Mississippi, respectively. Model predictions of bed topography are found to be satisfactory, at least close to the apices of bends. Finally, the model is used in sensitivity analyses that provide insight into the influence of bank erodibility on equilibrium meander morphology and associated patterns of grain‐size sorting. The sensitivity of meander response to bank cohesion is found to increase as a function of the available stream power within the two study bends. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
94.
Nonlinear earthquake response analysis and energy calculation for seismic slit shear wall structures
Based on the concept of structural passive control, a new type of slit shear wall, with improved seismic performance when
compared to an ordinary solid shear wall, was proposed by the authors in 1996. The idea has been verified by a series of pseudo-static
and dynamic tests. In this paper a macro numerical model is developed for the wall element and the energy dissipation device.
Then, nonlinear time history analysis is carried out for a 10-story slit shear wall model tested on a shaking table. Furthermore,
the seismic input energy and the individual energy dissipated by the components are calculated by a method based on Newmark-β
assumptions for this shear wall model, and the advantages of this shear wall are further demonstrated by the calculation results
from the viewpoint of energy. Finally, according to the seismic damage criterion on the basis of plastic accumulative energy
and maximum response, the optimal analysis is carried out to select design parameters for the energy dissipation device. 相似文献
95.
96.
97.
梅州市名城文化景观的保护与开发研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
从名城文化内涵出发,着眼于作为客家人文中心和名城文化景观的集中的梅州市区,全面分析了其中丰富多样的文化景观资源的特征及其文化内蕴。揭示了梅州名城文化景观保护与开发过程中的成绩与存在问题。并从文化地理学的视觉,结合旅游开发和城市规划,论证了科学保护与开发梅州名城文化景观的下述对策与途径的必要性与可行性:提升名城办的职能并与相关部门共营名城文化氛围;强化名城轴线与标志性文化景观;抢救与保护“老字号”等一批文化景观景区;适度利用,以积极的开发促其效的保护。 相似文献
98.
我国低山丘陵区水土流失生态环境背景分析 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
我国是一个以山地为主的国家,山地多为大江大河的源头,而低山丘陵为这些大江大河支流的发源地,这些区域的水土流失必然会带来环境问题。本文以TM影象为数据源,以GIS为技术支撑,从DEM中获取低山丘陵层,以此为MASK层,提取水土流失及相应的生态环境背景各层,包括土地利用、坡度、年降水、积温、植被等生态背景层,这些背景层是多年数据的平均,然后把水土流失层与环境背景各层分别叠加,分析不同环境背景下水土流失状况,从而为治理水土流失提出科学依据。 相似文献
99.
100.
1 Introduction Soil is not only the major natural resource on which human being depends for the production of food, feed, fiber, renewable energy and raw materials, but also plays a key role in maintaining the complex terrestrial ecosystems and climate systems of this planet. Recent rapid increase in the human population is placing a great strain on the worlds soil resources. Only about 11% of the global land surface covered by the soils are being used to raise crops and livestock, in other … 相似文献