大陆科学钻探与中国第一口科学钻选址

大陆科学钻探是一项堪与航天技术媲美的浩大系统工程。它的实施具有深远的科学和经济意义。通过介绍国外大陆科学钻探的现状和成果,阐述大陆科学钻探对地球基础科学、其他自然科学研究所具有的重大促进作用,从而为开展我国第一口大陆科学钻探,缩短与国外先进水平的差距提供有益的借鉴。     

风动潜孔锤在小山电站灌浆孔施工中的应用

主要介绍Ｗ－１５０风动潜孔在含泥夹层的玄武岩地层钻进成孔施工过程中使用的技术方法,对出现的各种事故的解决方法,以及为了更好地适应类似地层的钻进成孔,而对此类潜孔锤提出的一些改进措施。     

合成钻石及其鉴别技术的进展

简介了合成钻石的历史及其钻石合成技术的发展过程,分析认为合成钻石和晶面形态特征的差异是鉴别合成钻石的理论基础。总结了常规鉴别方法和现代仪器测试技术。鉴定测试一种钻石材料往往需要多种手段综合分析手,才能得出确切的结论。笔者采用宝石显微镜结合紫外灯检测鉴别合成钻石具有一定的实用意义。     

高分辨率数字地震仪的实验研究

为提高数字地震仪的分辨率和扩大动态范围，本文简要介绍了在地震仪设计中应用激光移频技术的新思路，简述了其基本原理及初步实验结果，用光ｆ干涉原理制作地震仪能够获得很高的准确度和较高的分辨率，动态范围可达１６０ｄＢ．     

油气形成的构造动力学理论和油气藏勘探的地球动力学方法综述

综述了石油和天然气形成构造动力学理论，其中包括构造挤压是有机质演化所需能量的重要来源、构造挤压的最重要伴生效应－力化学作用促进了有机质演化、构造挤压对烃类运移和 烃类资源分布有重要影响等观点。还综述了油气藏勘探的地球动力方法，其中包括这一方法的理论基础，可行性和具体任务以及应用前景等。     

金刚石镀覆电镀生产技术的研究

根据对金刚石镀覆电镀生产技术的研究，将金刚石镀覆电镀生产技术工艺及生产工序中容易出现的问题，进行了理论探讨和论述。     

Endogenous technological change and pollution abatement

Nonpoint source pollution control is a more complicated process than traditional analysis suggests. Whether a new pollution abatement technology is developed exogenously or endogenously and the per unit reduction in the rate at which a pollutant associated with the use of a factor of production needed to produce an agricultural commodity due to this technology enters the environment are critical factors in the determination of the effects of agricultural production on the pollutant stock. These are the issues addressed here. The optimal current period research and development expenditures on an endogenously induced abatement technology associated with the use of a factor of production giving rise to environmental externalities are shown to be a function of, among other things, the cumulation of all research and development expenditures, the probability of an abatement technology being developed, the level of use of the factor of production, the unit pollution tax on the factor, the rate of time preference (discount rate), the rate at which the pollutant associated with the factor enters the environment, the rate of discharge of the pollutant stock, and so forth. Finally, the analysis demonstrates that a reduction in pollution by the adoption of an abatement technology may lead to an increase in the pollutant stock as a result of endogenous technological change associated with the pollution abatement. When the rate of pollution reduction is greater than a threshold, however, the adoption of an endogenously determined abatement technology will unequivocally lead to a reduction in the pollutant stock.The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the policies of the US Department of Agriculture or the views of other US Department of Agriculture staff members.     

中国现代地质钻探技术

中国幅吊辽阔，矿产富饶。中国钻探历史悠久。４０余年来中国地质钻探在矿产、能源与水资源勘查以及工程勘察与建设中作出了卓越贡献。中国现代地质钻探技术正步入世界先进行列，其应用领域日益宽广。     

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE VARIATION FEATURES OF GRAIN YIELD OF CHINA IN RECENT 40 YEARS

ThespatialdistriblltionofcropcultivatedinChina,especiallyofcroptyPes,vanetiesandcroppingsystems,lspnnclpallydeterm1nedbyclimaticcondltions,andarelatlvestableconcentratedroponaldistributionpattemhasbeenformedinrecat4Oyears.Temporally,cropWeldshowsanincrementaltrendandanoscillationpattenlonlargeandmesialtimescalesbecauseoftheianuenceofagnculturaltechnologyandsoclalfaCtors,respeCtively.ThesharPvariationofaghculturalproduCtsinquantityandqualityfromyeartoyearispnnc1pallycausedbyclimate.This,onth…     

生态经济型防风治沙体系优化配置技术规程研究

通过对景电灌区农林业生产状况、自然环境条件、以及风沙危害程度的实地调查，应用系统工程学和生态经济学原理，研究提出：景电灌区防风治沙工作应该走系统工程和生态经济相结合的道路，以封沙育林草为主导措施发展沙区自然植被系统，进一步建立和健全工程治沙系统，并营造和发展人工生态经济型林草植被系统。通过这三大子系统的合理搭配和联合交互作用，使新灌区形成新型的生态经济型防风治沙体系。文章就该体系的合理配置问题及建设技术规程进行了论述