夏季台湾海峡及邻近海域总有机碳含量的分布特征和影响因素

依据2006年7～8月对台湾海峡及邻近海域环境调查资料,分析了总有机碳(TOC)含量的空间分布特征,并讨论影响其分布的主要因素.结果表明,2006年夏季台湾海峡及邻近海域的TOC含量范围为0.54～3.68 mg/dm3,平均值为1.20 mg/dm3.TOC含量平面分布呈现由近岸向离岸逐渐降低、由北向南先降后升的趋势.在垂直方向上,随深度的增加TOC含量均值由1.35 mg/dm3降至1.07 mg/dm3,至底层时略有升高,为1.10 mg/dm3.TOC含量高值区主要出现在盐度32以内的区域,这表明径流输入是导致近岸TOC含量较高的主要因素,一方面通过直接输入,另一方面通过浮游植物繁殖间接增加,从而形成近岸TOC含量高值区.叶绿素a含量与TOC含量呈较弱的正相关,表明浮游植物活动对TOC的增加有一定贡献,海流运动以及浮游动物对叶绿素a的摄取可能是导致叶绿素a与TOC含量呈较弱正相关的主要因素.而在东山-南澳附近局部海域,上升流是影响TOC含量分布的主要因素.     

台湾海峡深地震探测:HX9测线试验及初步成果

利用海上大容量气枪震源、陆上地震台站(包括流动台站和固定台站)和海底地震仪首次在台湾海峡地区开展了深地震探测试验。试验结果表明,"延平2号"科考船气枪枪阵信号最远传播距离达280km,成功获得了数万道高质量的地震数据,并且识别了不同类型的P波震相。HX9剖面一维地壳结构模型表明,由2个速度间断面产生的Pc及Pm P两组反射波和基底折射波(Pg)所反映的地壳结构构成了该区基本的地壳结构特征,康拉德界面和莫霍界面的深度分别为16.0~17.5、28.0~29.5km。     

海上主航迹带边界统计推断与海西航路警戒区布局优化分析

台湾海峡是东北亚各国与东南亚、印度洋沿岸各国间的海上捷径,其交通主流是通行海峡的南北向航次,然而海峡两岸启动大三通后,穿越海峡的客货运船舶日益增多,导致闽台直航航次与台湾海峡南北干线主交通流交叉现象凸显,台湾海峡西侧水域冲突日益加剧。本文根据船舶轨迹观测数据,抽样出通行海峡南北及横穿海峡的航次样本,应用轨迹栅格化方法建立统计推断模型,以概率形式表达南北干线、两岸直航的海运利用分布,推断出2种交通流的主航迹带,识别南北向交通主流与两岸直航交通支流的显著冲突区,以此调整现有警戒区设置方案。研究结果表明：轨迹统计推断法能定量化分析海西现有交通流模式,易于辨识横越海峡的船舶与通行海峡在航船舶的冲突区中心,为优化警戒区布局提供有效的方法支撑;调整后的海西警戒区中心可与台湾本岛西岸港口外侧的直航船舶通过点对接,形成海峡两岸直航的固定航线,可降低台湾海峡船舶冲突隐患,规范台湾海峡的船舶交通秩序。     

Water mass of the northward throughflow in the Bering Strait in the summer of 2003

1 IntroductionTheBeringStrait, with them aximum depth lessthan 60 m , isthe uniquepassagebetween the ArcticOcean and the North Pacific Ocean, and links twoshelfseas:theBeringSeainthesouthandtheChukchiSea in the north. The background flow field oftheBering…     

南海北部深水海域温度以及盐度的季节及年际变化特征

利用SODA(Simple Ocean Data Assimilation)再分析资料,分析了南海北部深水海域温度及盐度的季节和年际变化特征,讨论了季节及年际变化时间尺度上黑潮通过吕宋海峡对南海北部温、盐场的影响.资料分析表明:南海北部深水海域温、盐场存在明显的季节及年际变化特征.在气候平均态下,吕宋海峡处黑潮对南海北部温、盐场的影响主要存在于119°E以东;黑潮对南海的入侵程度在冬季最大,可影响到118°E附近;在秋季最小.吕宋海峡以西的温度水平梯度在秋季最弱,而盐度水平梯度则在夏季最弱.在吕宋海峡处黑潮形变的南侧,温、盐场年际变化信号最强.通过EOF(Empirical Othorgnal Function)分析,发现南海北部深水海域盐度和温度场第一模态的最大变率均分布在吕宋海峡处黑潮形变的南部,且均具有2～5 a的年际变化周期.另外,在年际变化时间尺度上,南海北部深水海域盐度场受黑潮形变的影响较大,在黑潮流量大的年份吕宋海峡处盐度值较低,在黑潮流量小的年份吕宋海峡处盐度值较高,而温度场则和Nino3.4指数呈明显的负相关变化.     

Effect of the along-strait wind on the volume transport through the Tsushima/Korea Strait in September

Recent investigation suggests that volume transport through the Tsushima/Korea Strait often has double peaks during the summer to autumn period with decreasing transport in September. The satellite-observed wind changes from weak northwestward (across-strait) in summer to strong southwestward (along-strait) in early autumn (September) in the strait. Such a strong along-strait wind is related to tropical cyclones, which frequently pass through the East China Sea in September. The effect of the along-strait wind component on the transport variation is examined using a three-dimensional numerical model. The simulated volume transport through the Tsushima/Korea Strait shows realistic seasonal and intra-seasonal variations. According to sensitivity experiments on local winds, the transport variations in September are mainly generated by strong along-strait (southwestward) wind rather than weak across-strait wind. The strait transport responds to the along-strait wind (southeastward), which produces a sea level increase along the Korean coast, resulting in the geostrophic balance across the strait. The transport minimum through the Tsushima/Korea Strait in September can be determined by the combination of the across-strait geostrophic and along-strait ageostrophic balances. The Editor-in-Chief does not recommend the usage of the term “Japan/East Sea” in place of “Sea of Japan”.     

海坛海峡海缆路由区工程地质条件及评价

根据路由勘察区水深测量、旁侧声纳、浅地层剖面探测等多项物理探测所获取的资料,结合其它自然环境及历史资料,对勘察区内海底工程地质条件进行了详尽的分析和研究．此外,还对近20a来勘察区海床稳定性进行初步分析,为选择一条最佳的路由通道提供依据．研究分析表明：可能影响该海缆安全运行的不良工程地质条件主要为海底灾害性地貌,如基岩、潮流冲刷槽等;勘察区不同区域内海底冲淤变化存在一定差异,潮汐通道底部受较强冲刷,冲刷速率为0．035～0．1m／a,20m以浅区域海底处于弱冲刷状态一冲淤动态平衡状态,冲刷速率为0．015m／a,海床较稳定;该路由勘察区工程环境较适合海缆的铺设,且其最佳路由区域是在勘察区南半部相对稳定的海底平滑区．     

琼州海峡内潮流场对冬季风浪场影响的数值研究

利用COAWST数值模式就琼州海峡内潮流场对冬季风浪场的影响进行了研究。经实测数据验证,模型可较好的刻画海峡内的强潮流场。选定东、西向最大潮流时刻为典型案例分别就水位场及潮流场对波浪场的作用展开探讨。在琼州海峡东口处,西向最大潮流时刻下的正水位场增加了承载波浪运动的有效水深,有利于波浪能量的西向传播,进而使得当地有效波高增加。东、西向最大潮流均有利于琼州海峡东口处有效波高的增大,但前者主要通过流致辐聚效应实现,而后者主要经由流致波数位移生效。通过流致折射作用,东向（西向）最大潮流可在海峡中轴线以北的海区引起谱峰波向的逆时针（顺时针）旋转,而在以南的海区触发顺时针（逆时针）旋转。     

Biogeochemical cycling in the Taiwan Strait

Based on repeat observations made during 2001–2003 along two transects in the Taiwan Strait this study aims at understanding factors controlling primary productivity with an emphasis on biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen, the major bio-limiting macronutrient. The Taiwan Strait receives copious supplies of nutrients through river runoff and upwelling in its western and northeastern parts, respectively, but the phytoplankton biomass, as inferred from the Chl a concentration, does not appear to be commensurately high. It is proposed that high water turbidity results in light limitation of primary productivity, especially in the western part of the strait. The accumulation of nitrite in the surface mixed layer appears to be due to nitrate reduction during phytoplankton assimilation, whereas in the near-bottom waters nitrite is most likely produced during nitrification. The net balance between input and loss of nitrogen is inferred from the nitrogen tracer N*. The Taiwan Strait is found to be a net recipient of combined nitrogen.