中国大陆及周边地区现代岩石圈演化动力学模拟

采用有限元方法模拟了近20万年来青藏高原岩石圈形变演化过程，探讨了印度-欧亚大陆的碰撞对中国大陆岩石层形变和应力场的影响以及它们与强地震活动性的关系.结合现代GPS、地震和地质学观测的结果，对比分析了中国大陆在百万年、十万年和十年尺度上的形变和构造应力场的基本格局.研究表明：（1）印度-欧亚大陆的碰撞以及印度大陆的持续向北推进、挤压所产生的应力环境，一直主导了以青藏高原为核心的我国西部地域岩石圈构造、运动和演化，但其影响随着远离青藏高原地区而逐渐变小.（2）断层滑移和重力势作用对于青藏高原东西部以及塔里木盆地的影响相当大，它们导致青藏高原岩石层东西向形变速率增大，对青藏高原的中南部地区产生拉张效应，同时导致塔里木盆地出现整体的右旋趋势.（3）青藏高原区域水平方向形变速率和GPS观测结果吻合较好.但在垂直方向上，一些地区计算结果与观测数据相差较大，这说明单纯的挤压作用不是现代青藏高原隆升的惟一机制.现代青藏高原的隆升可能与其他驱动机制，如地幔对流、重力均衡以及剥蚀作用等有关.（4）印度板块的挤压作用基本上决定了中国大陆西部的主压应力场分布.（5）印度板块的碰撞对中国大陆的强地震活动性有重要影响，但华北地区是个例外，该地区的地震活动性很强而印度板块的挤压在该区域产生的影响却很小，说明其他的驱动力在一定程度上活化了华北地块.     

瑞雷面波在填海造地强夯检测工程中的应用

以漳州后石电厂填海造地的强夯效果检测为例，给出瑞雷面波检测方法在强夯效果检测应用的技术途径、技术方案，并对检测效果进行分析。     

岩石弹性波速度和饱和度、孔隙流体分布的关系

在实验室对6种砂岩进行了连续的进水和失水实验. 测 量了两个过程的纵波速度VP、横波速度VS进水和失水速率随饱和度SW的 变化；分析了低饱和度时流体对岩石弹性性质的影响. 实验表明，进水和失水过程显示不同 的纵、横波速度与饱和度关系，速度不仅与饱和度有关，还与不同饱和阶段的孔隙流体分布 有关，而且也是水和岩石骨架之间的物理及化学作用所致.     

用转换函数方法研究台湾地区三维深部结构

利用台湾数字地震台网提供的三分量地震波形记录，应用转换函数及快速模拟退火算法对台湾地区59个地震站下的地壳横波速度结构进行了反演，从而获得了台湾地区三维深部结构. 结果显示地壳界面的最深处位于中央山脉西侧,与台湾布格重力异常分布的特点较为一致. 说明由于台湾地区造山运动还处于年轻阶段，中央山脉的山根发育尚不完整，远未达到静力学均衡，因此台湾地区地壳处于动力学平衡状态.     

考虑结构地震损伤影响的能力谱分析方法

现有能力谱分析方法未考虑结构地震作用下产生的累计损伤影响。本文提出了一种以现；有的能力谱分析方法为基础，通过损伤延性增大系数，引入对结构损伤影响考虑的方法。并通过一幢20层框架结构顶点变形能力的能力谱分析结果与动力弹塑性分析结果的对比，说明了该改进方法的有效性。     

Estimation of the spatial distribution of ground motion parameters for two recent earthquakes in Japan

A recent development in strong motion instrumentation in Japan provides an opportunity to collect valuable data sets, especially after moderate and large magnitude events. Gathering and modeling these data is a necessity for better understanding of regional ground motion characteristics. Estimations of the spatial distribution of earthquake ground motion plays an important role in early-stage damage assessments for both rescue operations by disaster management agencies as well as damage studies of urban structures. Subsurface geology layers and local soil conditions lead to soil amplification that contributes to the estimated ground motion parameters of the surface. We present a case study of the applicability of the nationally proposed GIS-based soil amplification ratios [J. Soil Dyn. Earthqu. Eng. 19 (2000) 41–53] to the October 6, 2000 Tottori-ken Seibu (western Tottori Prefecture) and the March 24, 2001 Geiyo earthquakes in Japan. First, ground motion values were converted to those at a hypothetical ground base-rock level (outcrop) using an amplification ratio for each 1×1 km area, based on geomorphological and subsurface geology information. Then a Kriging method, assuming an attenuation relationship at the base-rock as a trend component, is applied. Finally, the spatial distribution of ground motion at ground surface is obtained by applying GIS-based amplification factors for the entire region. The correlation between the observed and estimated ground motion values is reasonable for both earthquakes. Thus, the proposed method is applicable in near real-time early-damage assessments and seismic hazard studies in Japan.     

Lithospheric structure and dynamic processes of the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin

Located at the center of the Eurasian continent and accommodating as much as 44% of the present crustal shortening between India and Siberia, the Tianshan orogenic belt (TOB) is one of the youngest (<20 Ma) and highest (elevation>7000 m) orogenic belts in the world. It provides a natural laboratory for examining the processes of intracontinental deformation. In recent years, wide angle seismic reflection/refraction profiling and magnetotelluric sounding surveys have been carried out along a geoscience transect which extends northeastward from Xayar at the northern margin of the Tarim basin (TB), through the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin (JB), to Burjing at the southern piedmont of the Altay Mountain. We have also obtained the 2D density structure of the crust and upper mantle of this area by using the Bouguer anomaly data of Northwestern Xinjiang. With these surveys, we attempt to image the 2D velocity and the 2D electric structure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin. In order to obtain the small-scale structure of the crust–mantle transitional zone of the study area, the wavelet transform method is applied to the seismic wide angle reflection/refraction data. Combining our survey results with heat flow and other geological data, we propose a model that interprets the deep processes beneath the Tianshan orogenic belt and the Junggar basin.Located between the Tarim basin and the Junggar basin, the Tianshan orogenic belt is a block with relatively low velocity, low density, and partially high resistivity. It is tectonically a shortening zone under lateral compression. A detachment exists in the upper crust at the northern margin of the Tarim basin. Its lower part of the upper crust intruded into the lower part of the upper and the middle crust of the Tianshan, near the Korla fault; its middle crust intruded into the lower crust of the Tianshan; and its lower crust and lithospheric mantle subducted into the upper mantle of the Tianshan. In these processes, the mass of the lower crust of the Tarim basin was carried down to the upper mantle beneath the Tianshan, forming a 20-km-thick complex crust–mantle transitional zone composed of seven thin layers with a lower than average velocity. The thrusting and folding of the sedimentary cover, the intrusive layer in the upper and middle crust, and the mass added by the subduction of the Tarim basin into the upper mantle of the Tianshan are probably responsible for the crustal thickening of the Tianshan. Due to the important mass deficiency in the crust and the upper mantle of the Tianshan, buoyancy must occur and lead to rapid ascent of the Tianshan.The episodic tectonic uplift of the Tianshan and tectonic subsidence of the Junggar basin are closely related to the evolution of the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic Tethys.     

云南扬子准地台区地壳浅部速度构造特征

描述了云南扬子准地台洱源－江川深地震测深部面初至波的详细分析解释结果,所用方法为改进的射线追踪法。结果表明,在剖面中段沉积盖层巨厚,基底面下陷最深可达１０ｋｍ以上,并且中新生代沉积也比别处厚。     

波速测试在工程中的应用与研究

采用波速度原位测试新方法,依据新疆地区不同地层,不同岩性,结构波速变化规律对场土密度与波速的相关系数进行了分析研究,结果表明：新疆场地土剪切波速值与我国东部相比一般偏高４０－８０ｍ／ｓ,这可能与新疆气候干燥,场地土密度实状态高于我国东部有关。     

闽台地区地震速报工作回顾

本文指出了福建微震仪地震台网在地震速报和编目工作中存在的主要问题以及问题产生的可能原因;着重阐述了闽台两地区速度模型差异大是造成福建地震台网定位台湾地区震中误差的主原因;最后提出减少震中定位误差的改进办法。