The development of transport infrastructure and attitudes of the local population: a case study from the Republic of Serbia

In the last decades, the development of transport infrastructure has been necessary because of the population increase and expansion of urban centres. Infrastructure development leads to modification and changes in areas characterized by high human population density. The lack of adequate transport infrastructure inhibits local economic and social performance. In the period of economic stability (from 1970 to 1990), important roads that increased the connectedness of the Kolubara District (Western Serbia) with other parts of the country and the surrounding countries were built, but there is still a need for the construction of new roads. In order to examine the attitude of the local population in regard to transport infrastructure, a survey was conducted using a questionnaire consisting of closed questions. This topic is one that has not previously been examined. The data obtained were analyzed statistically and showed that local people have a positive attitude towards the existing infrastructure and towards the construction of new roads. There are statistically significant differences between the attitudes of the local population in different municipalities. The results from this research offer an opportunity to develop guidelines which can influence traffic development in these and similar areas.     

The Cold War and geography’s quantitative revolution: Some messy reflections on Barnes’ geographical underworld

A response to a recent paper by Barnes, arguing that the origins of geography’s quantitative revolution were not as monofocused as he suggests.     

Geography and paratactical interdisciplinarity: Views from the ESRC-NERC PhD studentship programme

Interdisciplinarity is a notoriously difficult concept to define, and even harder to achieve in practice. All too often social approaches reduce science to an object of study, or conversely physical science approaches are invoked as a source of ‘higher’ truth. Drawing upon our experiences as ESRC-NERC PhD students within geography, we outline a paratactical approach that links disciplines by adjacency rather than hierarchy. Toppling the disciplinary hierarchy creates the potential for non-reductionistic dialogue between science and social science, but it also raises a series of practical difficulties. These are considered around the themes of polyvocality, breadth over depth and (im)permanence. We suggest that while this kind of approach is increasingly encouraged by research funding bodies, it is less easily sustained within the everyday mechanics of the academic world.     

基于力学平衡模型的长三角港口物流发展协调性研究

基于港口物流协调发展理论分析框架,构建相应的综合评价指标体系和协调性判别模型,对长三角13个港口物流发展协调性进行综合评判。结果表明：长三角已形成较为明显的以上海港为核心,宁波-舟山港、苏州港和南京港为副中心,其余港口为重要补充的多层次港口物流规模等级结构;港口物流协调发展层次总体偏低,以低水平协调型为主,且港口物流发展协调度与综合发展度间存在紧密联系,呈现明显的“U”型曲线特征;港口物流协调发展偏离方向集中化特征不明显,制约不同港口物流协调发展的主要因素存在较大区别,同时就物流运营发展滞后型、城市支撑发展滞后型和基础设施发展滞后型港口分别提出改进方向。     

1410号台风Matmo登陆前后的动热力结构演变和水汽输送特征分析

利用NCEP/NCAR（美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心）的全球预报系统（GFS）再分析资料、欧洲气象中心（ERA-interim）资料以及中国气象局观测站点的实况降水观测结合CMORPH卫星反演降水资料,对2014年第10号台风Matmo生成后西北行并登陆台湾及福建过程中的特征进行了分析,揭示出Matmo移动路径主要受西太平洋副热带高压（简称西太副高）外围引导气流影响。动、热力物理量场分析表明,Matmo在登陆福建前后,福建上空一直维持深厚的涡旋结构,福建东南部上空的上升区与台湾海峡及福建西部附近的下沉运动区形成明显的垂直环流圈。同时,南海上空有明显的西南急流（风速大于16 m s-1）,Matmo的水汽来源主要有两条,分别为孟加拉湾和南海以及西太副高南侧。充足的水汽输送及低层水汽辐合抬升有利于Matmo登陆后的强降水发生和维持。Matmo登陆福建后仍然保持低层辐合、高层辐散,有利于持续暴雨的发生。Matmo登陆福建期间始终处于风速垂直切变小值区（小于9 m s-1）中,环境风速的弱垂直切变有利于Matmo暖心结构及高空辐散形势的维持,是Matmo在登陆后依然能维持自身强度不衰减的原因之一。     

大地理及其在智慧城市中应用的思考

提出了大地理的概念,大地理是地理系统为研究对象的地理科学、技术与工程的综合及基于计算的统一,在科学层面表现为统一地理学,在技术层面表现为统一地理技术,在工程层面是统一地理学与技术的综合性及系统化应用,以解决复杂地理系统相关的工程问题.它在应用层面体现为地理建模、地理设计、地理监测和地理控制等一体化集成,构建地理系统与地理信息系统互动的地理赛博-物理系统,以满足人类对各种尺度的地理系统的认识与理解、感知和评价、预测与调控以及开发和利用的需要.本文讨论了大地理在智慧城市中的应用,认为城市作为典型的地理系统,智慧城市的本质是构建地理赛博-物理系统,时空信息云平台是智慧城市建设的核心,可在智慧城市发挥地理建模、监测、设计和控制的作用,尤其在地理环境智能化和城市规划、建设、运行与应急的核心流程中.大地理将促进智慧城市研究-开发-运行模式的发展,智慧城市建设与运行也将推动大地理的发展.     

A local solution for deterministic and stochastic transport equations

A local method is developed for finding the hydraulic head at an arbitrary point of a soil deposit with conductivity varying randomly in space. The method is said to be local since it delivers the hydraulic head at an arbitrary point of a soil deposit directly rather than extracting it from a field solution. The local method always converges to the exact solution, is ideal for parallel computation, and is simple to implement. The method is applied to solve locally one-dimensional transport equations with mixed boundary conditions, calculate corresponding effective conductivity, and examine size effect in specimens with hydraulic conductivity varying randomly in space.     

Productivity Profiles of PhD-Granting Geography Departments in the Unites States: 1980–1994

In our study, 48 U.S. departments that grant geography PhDs are compared along four measures of academic productivity. Using 1980–1994 as the base period, research productivity of faculty was assessed by counting book titles, as well as authorships in 77 journals. Teaching productivity was determined by placement of PhDs in graduate programs of geography in North America, and by a weighted index of teaching outcomes. Data were summed for departments, but are reported primarily as productivity per person (per FTE count). The results point to a wide variety of departmental profiles, from those departments that appear to emphasize teaching outcomes to those that are more productive in book publishing and journal authorship, with several exhibiting a balance between teaching and research.     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed:

Stuart C. Aitken, Family Fantasies and Community Space

Robert M. Bone, The Regional Geography of Canada

Michael R. Curry, Digital Places: Living with Geographic Information Technologies

John Fraser Hart, The Rural Landscape

Guntrum Herb and David Kaplan, Nested Identities: Nationalism, Territory, and Scale

Klaus Frantz, Indian Reservations in the United States: Territory, Sovereignty, and Socioeconomic Change

Linda Mcdowell, Gender, Identity and Place

Wolfgang G. Natter, Literature at War, 1914–1940

Allen J. Scott, Regions and the World Economy

Hilgard O' Reilly Sternberg, A Água e o Homem na Várzea do Careiro     

A sceptical approach to ‘the everyday’: Relating Stanley Cavell and Human Geography

Over the past few decades there has been a turn toward ‘the everyday’ in the social sciences and humanities. For some authors, this turn is about making the everyday a new repository of authority of some sort, political, social, cultural or otherwise. For others, however, any turn toward the everyday interrupts any such evaluation. Focusing upon Stanley Cavell and the philosophical lineage that he continues from Emerson, Nietzsche, Thoreau and Wittgenstein, this paper examines Cavell’s interest in the menace and power of scepticism as key to understanding the everyday as a lived experience. As an introduction to this particular part of Cavell’s work for many Geographers, the paper puts Cavell in relation to more familiar approaches to the everyday, including de Certeau, critical Human Geography, non-representational theory, affect theory, psychoanalysis and pragmatism.