一种新型冰川地貌——山岳冰川型蛇形丘

蛇形丘一般发育在大陆冰川地区,其成因主要是冰下隧道中冰融水流动携带的砂砾堆积填充而成,组成物质为砂砾。该文提出山岳冰川地区也有蛇形丘发育,并阐述其成因、组成物质结构、地理位置等与大陆冰川地区蛇形丘的不同。利用该类地貌的航空立体影像进行分析论证,为山岳冰川型蛇形丘的存在、成因、物质结构、地理位置提供依据。     

Formation mechanism and development pattern of aeolian sand landform in Yarlung Zangbo River valley

Aeolian sand landforms in the Yarlung Zangbo River valley can be divided into 4 classes and 21 types. The river valley has favourable environment conditions for the development of aeolian sand landforms. Simulation of MM4 mid-scale climate model showed that the near-surface flow field and wind vector field during the winter half year in the river valley are generally favourable for the aeolian sand deposition and as a whole they also affect the distribution mneu and sites of aeolian sand landforms. Sand dunes and sand dune grouup in the river valley developed mainly in three ways, namely windward retarding deposition, leeward back flow deposition and bend circumfluence deposition. Through alternating positive-reverse processes of sand dune formation under wind actions and sand dune vanishing under water actions, sand dunes developed fmm primary zone thmugh main-body zone then to vanishing zone where climbing dunes and falling dunes are declining and are even disappearing. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 49471009) and Xi’an State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology (Grant No. 9401)     

防城港市十万大山森林旅游区开发

以区域旅游区位决定模式对防城港市十万大山森林旅游区的区位优劣进行了分析,认为其客源区位有利,交通区位不佳,资源区位在省市尺度上较优,但在全国处于不利地位。同时,依据最新似定的风景资源普查评价的分类分级系统,十万大山旅游区旅游资源可分为2个景系,5个景类,共14个景型,旅游资源丰富。在对旅游资源特征及其评价作了初步探讨的基础上,提出了十万大山森林旅游区进一步开发的对策构想。     

Application of Digital Photogrammetry to Complex Topography for Geomorphological Research

This paper is concerned with the application of automated digital photogrammetry, using 1:3000 scale photography, to complex, natural landform surfaces, of typical interest to geomorphologists. It assesses the quality of the results obtained using a relatively cheap and readily available area based stereomatching package, in terms of precision, accuracy and external reliability. Precision is investigated with reference to the confidence that can be placed in individual matches. Accuracy is evaluated using specially collected, independent datasets obtained from an area of complex topography in Glen Affric, Scotland. Data collection was stratified to areas of different surface roughness. External reliability is judged with respect to estimates of slope, a key parameter in geomorphological investigations. The results show that, whilst the effects of grid density and vegetation correction are the most important controls upon the accuracy and the external reliability of the photogrammetric results, collection parameters associated with the stereomatching process can also exert some control, particularly in areas of complex topography. It is impossible to generalize rules for choice of optimal collection parameters without careful consideration of the surface under investigation. Given that maximum grid densities are defined by the object space pixel resolution, the paper concludes that surface quality is largely governed by traditional controls upon photogrammetric data quality (camera calibration, base:distance ratio, ground control), combined with either scanning density or digital image resolution. However, over some surfaces, careful consideration has to be given to the effect of matching parameters.     

SLIP RATE AND RECURRENCE INTERVAL OF STRONG EARTHQUAKE OF QIANNING—KANGDING SEGMENT ON XIANSHUIHE FAULT

SLIP RATE AND RECURRENCE INTERVAL OF STRONG EARTHQUAKE OF QIANNING—KANGDING SEGMENT ON XIANSHUIHE FAULT     

四川岷江断裂带北段的新活动、岷山断块的隆起及其与地震活动的关系

岷山断块由岷江断裂和虎牙断裂自西向东的推覆逆掩运动所形成 ,处于我国南北地震带的中段。受区域NWW向主压应力场的控制 ,岷江断裂带第四纪以来表现为明显的推覆逆掩运动并具有一定的左旋走滑分量 ,岷山断块则处于强烈的隆起抬升状态。航片解译及野外地质考察结果表明 ,岷江断裂带由数条次级断裂呈羽列组合而成 ,其中尕米寺 -川盘右阶羽列区的羽列距达3km ,控制了低序次的地震破裂单元。第四纪地貌发育过程及断错地貌研究结果表明 ,岷江断裂晚第四纪以来的平均垂直滑动速率为 0 37～ 0 53mm/a ,水平位错量与垂直位错量大致相当 ;岷山断块第四纪以来的平均隆起速率为 1 5mm/a左右。地震活动特征表明 ,该地区 6级以上强震丛集于强烈活动的断块边界断裂上 ,中强地震及小震发生在新构造隆起区及近东西向断裂带上 ,与断裂的活动性质具有密切的成因联系     

泥石流扇的类型与土地利用模式

将泥石流扇按发育历史、地貌形态、外力方式、物源组成、成因类别、人类活动等6个方面作了类型划分。论述泥石流扇类型的阶地级别、几何形状、扇面坡度、流路形态、叠置方式、排列形式、植物生态等各型的基本特征。讨论用泥石流扇地貌稳定性因素综合判别方法,确定泥石流扇地貌形态整体稳定性。即很不稳定型泥石流扇,较稳定型泥石流扇,基本稳定型泥石流扇的判别。据泥石流扇形地的土地利用现状,评述了农业耕作利用,林牧业开发利用,养殖业发展利用,村寨修建利用,城镇、工矿区综合建设利用,休闲、娱乐场建开发利用,铁路、公路线路展布利用,军用场地设置利用,临时工棚、工地房建利用,引水渠道、输电线路、输油(气)管道工程利用等各种利用模式的现状,提出泥石流扇土地开发利用的分层模型,为充分、安全开发泥石流扇的土地资源提供了科学依据。     

福建平潭岛的风沙地貌与海岸演变

在台湾海峡众多的海岛中,平潭岛以风大、沙多著称.风沙作用发生在2400a B.P.左右至今,风沙作用使该岛增加了90km^2的土地.本文论述的海岛东部风沙地貌系列受NNE优势风控制,是泥砂在风和水动力作用下复合搬运与沉积的产物,以堆积型为主,伴生侵蚀-刻蚀型.风沙在七里埔、苍海造就了约14km2的土地,在岛的中部建造了淡水湖泊“岚湖”,在田美沃留下了风蚀刻痕微地貌.此外,风沙活动还影响了海岛东部地区海岸沙滩的冲淤变化.平潭岛风沙地貌系列是台湾海峡一个独特的地质景观,其对海岸带环境变化的影响在中国东部极具代表性,在我国沿海风沙地层学和地貌学上均有较高的科研价值.     

嶂石岩地貌的理论研究与开发利用

介绍"嶂石岩地貌"概念的来历,系统论述了嶂石岩地貌的五大形态特征、形成的地质背景、古地理环境及楔状侧切、水平掏蚀两种坡面发育模式,分析了嶂石岩地貌的发育阶段,并从岩性、坡面发育起始位置、动力过程、基本骨架、景观造型等方面比较其与张家界地貌、丹霞地貌的差异,对嶂石岩地貌的开发利用进行了回顾和分析。     

刍议湿地旅游资源分类与应用

湿地旅游是学术界和产业界共同关注的热点,但作为湿地旅游基础研究工作的湿地旅游资源分类却长期得不到应有的重视,严重制约了湿地生态旅游的正常开展。在界定湿地旅游资源特征的基础上,引入旅游资源分类的相关概念和方法对湿地旅游资源进行分类。分类结果应用于我国滨海湿地--泉州湾,能有效地指导当地湿地生态旅游的发展。