建立潮汐汊道P-A关系的沉积动力学方法

在均衡状态下，潮汐汉道系统的纳潮量(P)与口门面积(A)之间存在着较稳定的关系，通常用幂函数形式来表达。计算P-A关系的传统O’Brien方法因其统计性质无法给出单一潮汐汉道的P-A关系。根据沉积动力学原理，每个潮汐汉道的P-A关系都受涨落潮历时、断面平均流速、口门形态、纳潮量、淡水径流量、沿岸毛输沙量和沉积物粒度等因素的控制，对上述因素的每一种组合，都有对应的均衡态P-A关系。作者在前人工作的基础上，尝试着建立了计算单一潮汐汊道P-A关系的沉积动力学方法，并以山东半岛月湖为算例对该方法的应用进行了讨论。结果表明，均衡态潮汐汉道的P-A关系的指数n稳定在1．15左右，而系统C的变化较大。     

乐清湾潮汐特征及对潮滩沉积作用的影响

本文通过对乐清湾潮汐特征的研究,结合流路的模拟结果,阐述了湾内泥沙输运的途径,从而说明了潮动力对湾内潮滩沉积作用的影响。     

海州湾及邻近海域潮流数值计算

采用不规则三角形网格的分步杂交法，建立海州湾及邻近海域二维变边界潮流数值模型，计算得到最大潮流分布、同潮时线与等振幅线、潮流椭圆、潮致欧拉余流分布及不同时刻潮流场分布。     

Chemical Associations of Heavy Metals in the Sediments near Bailonggang Sewage Discharge Outlet of Shanghai

The five chemical associations ofheavy metals have been extracted continuously using the Tessier extracting method.Results show that Cu,Pb,Fe,Zn and Cr in the sediments are mainly distributed in residual fraction,while the major chemical association of Mn is carbonates.Carbonate heavy metals are converted into Fe-Mn oxides in autunm.And in the low tidal flat,after carbonates have changed into ionic heavy metals,some of the elements are transported to the overlying water,Cu,Pb,Fe and Mn have good correlations with each other,and Zn,Cr also show their similarity of chemical behavior in the sediments.     

极浅海域潮流数值模型

通过对以往的浅水环流数值模型进行改进，建立适用于极浅水域的且能达到较高分辨率的潮汐环流数值模型。模型的主要特点是：（１）通过改进海底摩擦项的表达式来克服传统的二次方律在极浅的潮滩区所产生的不稳定问题；（２）采用逆风格式处理动量方程中的平流项，有效地抑制由于岸边界移动引起的数值短波的扩散。结合老虎滩湾海上工程的需要，利用本模型进行一系列的数值模拟试验。经过实测资料验证表明，改进后的模型具有良好的稳定     

Wave Attenuation and Friction Coefficient on the Coral-Reef Flat

Several sets of S4 direction-wave-current-tide meters have been deployed on the coral-reef fiat of Yongshu Reef in the sea area of Nansha Islands. Based on the observational sea wave data, the attenuation characteristics of the waves propagating on the coral reef flat, the bottom friction coefficients and the transfer of wave energy are discussed in the paper. The results show that, in the relative depths of 0. 0613- 0.0867, the wave height attenuation per unit distance of wave propagation is 22.09 %-46.56%, with an average of 31.35 % ; the wave energy, attenuation coefficient, 33.74 %- 53.22%, with an average of 43.61%. The average of the bettom friction coefficients on the coral-reef flat is 0. 1346,which is about 10 times thai on the sand or silt bottom. In the couse of propagation on the reef flat, the waves sustain more loss in high frequency than in low frequency and the spectral energy transfers to the low frequency. These results may be used for reference in island and reef engineering.     

Tidal eddies in a semi-enclosed basin: a model study

A modeling study has been carried out to support a Marine Management Plan for the Gulf of Kachchh, India and here the hydrodynamic part of the programme is described. The hydrodynamic model accurately predicts the tides and tidal currents present in the Gulf and these have been validated with the measured data, albeit at only a few locations. The time averaged residual currents obtained from the model for one lunar cycle clearly reproduce the complex, small-scale, topographically induced flows with several eddies. The existence of a dynamic barrier along Sikka-Mundra section, which divides the Gulf into two distinct dynamic systems, is very evident. The model is further used to predict the movement of surface floating particles launched at different locations in the Gulf, as an aid to determining floating pollutants. The results indicate that industries discharging wastes upstream of the barrier should use extreme caution, as these will remain in the vicinity for at least one lunar cycle.     

沿海滩涂开发强度与维持平衡的临界阈值探讨

在分析浙江省滩涂动态平衡实测资料的基础上,建立了沿海滩涂演变动态预测的数值模型,经飞云江河口丁山围涂工程等实测资料验证表明,该模型基本上反映了滩涂动态演变特性.在此基础上利用实测资料和滩涂动态预测数值模型计算出滩涂开发强度与动态平衡的临界阈值,探讨了维持滩涂动态平衡的对策与措施.指出滩涂开发利用与社会经济协调发展的关键是保持滩涂的动态平衡.     

Verification studies for a z-coordinate primitive-equation model: Tidal conversion at a mid-ocean ridge

We document the accuracy and convergence of solutions for a z-coordinate primitive-equation model of internal tide generation and propagation. The model, which is based on MOM3 numerics, is linearized around a state of rest to facilitate comparison with analytic estimates of baroclinic generation at finite-amplitude topography in a channel forced by barotropic tidal flow at its boundaries. Unlike the analytical model, the numerical model includes mixing of both buoyancy and momentum, and several definitions of “baroclinic conversion” are possible. These are clarified by writing out the energetics of the linearized equations in terms of barotropic kinetic energy, baroclinic kinetic energy, and available potential energy. The tidal conversion computed from the model, defined as the rate of conversion of barotropic kinetic energy into available potential energy, agrees well with analytical predictions. A comparison of different treatments of bottom topography (full-cells, partial-cells, and ghost-cells) indicates that the partial-cell treatment is the most accurate in this application. Convergence studies of flow over a smooth supercritical ridge show that the dissipation along tidal characteristics is, apparently, an integrable singularity. When the ocean bottom is not smooth, the accuracy and convergence of the model depend on the power spectrum of the topography. A numerical experiment suggests that the power spectrum of the resolved topography must roll off faster than k⁻² to obtain convergent results from a linear numerical model of this type.