新疆哈密五堡乡缺水地区找水经验

通过在新疆哈密五堡乡南大草滩严重缺水地区的水地质勘察，找到了一个日供水量为3000m^3/d的小型水源地，为在同类地区找水提供了一定的找水经验。     

Metallogenic mechanisms of super-large Cu and Au deposits in the Dexing region and simulating experiments

Based on the results of previous studies and under the direction of the theory of “ore deposit genesis”, the authors made use of high temperature and high pressure experimental facilities and conditions at the Tectono-geochemistry Research Room under the State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and put the focus on the multi-source of tectonically controlling ore-forming materials, the characteristics of multi-stage and multi-episode hydrothermal activities and mineralization and the characteristics of multi-genesis and multi-ore deposition so as to shed light on the metallogenic mechanisms of super-large Cu and Au deposits. In addition simulating experiments were made on multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and rock and ore deformation, multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and mobilization and migration of ore-forming materials, and multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic activities and superimposition and enrichment of ore-forming materials. The experimental results showed that under the action of multi-stage and multi-episode tectonic stress the deformation and fragmentation of not only rocks and ores have been intensified, and but also the ore-forming materials originally disbursed in the rocks and ores have been mobilized and migrated and superimposed and enriched. The experimental results also provided the scientific experimental data and grounds for deep-going research on the rules of metallogenesis and geneses of super-large ore deposits in the Dexing region, Jiangxi Province.     

Comparison of the Ordovician-Carboniferous Boundary Between Korea and NE China: Implications for Correlation and Tectonic Evolution

There is a great hiatus between Ordovician and Carboniferous strata in the Northeast China and Korean Peninsula. In order to understand geology and tectonic evolution, and to find out the similarities and differences in both regions, two sections in the Western Hill near Beijing in NE China and several sections in the Korean Peninsula were selected to examine their geologic boundaries between Lower and Upper Paleozoic strata to compare their characteristic features. At four sites in the two sections in the Western Hill near Beijing were examined their contact relations. The Hui Yu section is the same horizon where one site is top of a quarry hill and the other of down hill. Mid-Carboniferous Qingshuijian Formation rests on the Ordovician Majiagou Formation. Limestone beds are more commonly intercalated with shale and sandstone at site 2 of the Hui Yu section, while at site 1, conglomerate beds are dominant. Site 1 of the Se Shu Fen section shows eroded and concealed karst topography and conglomerate beds are intercalated within shale beds. Silurian and Devonian strata are absent in these areas. In the Korean Peninsula, most O-C contacts occur between Ordovician limestone formation and Carboniferous strata, although Silurian strata occur beneath the Carboniferous strata in the Jeongseon area and Pyeongnam Basin. Most contact relations are parallel unconformity and angular unconformity is rarely seen. The O-C relations in both regions are similar to each other, and these indicate that the Korean Peninsula was located near or belonged to the Sino-Korean paraplatform during Paleozoic time.     

安徽铜陵地区中生代侵入岩成因及成矿意义

安徽铜陵矿集区是我国最著名的铜、金、铁产地之一,成矿与岩浆作用关系密切.本次对铜陵地区中生代侵入岩进行了系统的矿物学、岩石学和元素地球化学研究.结果表明:①本区岩浆岩主要为辉石(二长)闪长岩( SiO2≤55％)、石英(二长)闪长岩(SiO255％～65％)和花岗闪长岩(SiO2≥65％)三种岩石组合,其矿物成分主要为...     

基于监测曲线特征点分析的阶跃型滑坡预警方法

在三峡库区专业监测滑坡中,部分滑坡受到库水或者降雨等外界因素影响,其累计位移-时间曲线表现出明显的“阶跃型”特征。直接使用改进切线角对阶跃型滑坡位移监测曲线进行预警分析,其改进切线角预警值可能在变形曲线陡增阶段高于实际预警级别,增加虚警率。为了准确判别阶跃型滑坡的变形阶段及发展趋势,本文以白家包滑坡和谭家湾滑坡为例,分析滑坡监测历史数据及其影响因素,采用斜率单变点分析法和AMPD法对“阶跃型”累计位移-时间曲线进行特征点提取,结合Hill 函数形成特征点拟合曲线,在此基础上利用改进切线角对拟合曲线进行滑坡变形阶段划分及预警分析。结果表明,当前白家包滑坡总体上处于蠕滑变形阶段,预警级别为无预警;谭家湾滑坡处于中加速变形阶段,预警级别为橙色预警。研究表明,本文方法可以很好抑制变形曲线的阶跃特征对预警级别判定带来的影响,更准确地判定滑坡变形阶段。     

下扬子区二叠系烃源岩评价与生源环境

基于下扬子区海域-陆域钻井岩心和露头岩样, 通过有机岩石学和有机地球化学方法, 应用有效指标参数, 从不同维度综合分析下扬子区上二叠统大隆组、龙潭组和下二叠统孤峰组、栖霞组4套烃源岩在纵向及平面上的有机地球化学特征、生烃潜力和生源环境。根据测试数据及前人研究资料, 栖霞组和大隆组烃源岩的有机质丰度为中等-好级别, 龙潭组烃源岩的有机质丰度为一般-中等级别, 孤峰组烃源岩有机质丰度达到很好级别。下二叠统烃源岩有机质丰度在平面展布上表现出海域优于陆域的特点, 上二叠统则反之。根据干酪根碳同位素特征, 栖霞组烃源岩有机质类型最好, 为Ⅰ~Ⅱ型; 其他3套烃源岩均为Ⅱ~Ⅲ型母质类型。4套烃源岩成熟度参数镜质体反射率主频分布范围为1.3%~2.0%, 均达到高热演化阶段, 在平面展布上表现出明显的非均一性。二叠系4套烃源岩生物来源以低等水生生物为主, 有机质均在贫氧的弱还原-弱氧化条件下保存, 其中大隆组沉积的水体动荡频繁和生物变化较明显。综合认为, 下扬子区二叠系烃源岩有机质丰度高, 类型较好, 具有形成大型油气田的良好物质基础, 尤其是以往被忽略的孤峰组烃源岩评价等级被提高, 是一套潜在的优质烃源岩, 其对该区进一步的油气勘探具有重要的指导意义。     

甘肃北山南带前红泉金矿的发现及其找矿意义

甘肃北山南带是中国西北地区重要的金属矿床富集区,已发现多处韧性剪切带型金矿床或与韧性剪切带有关的金矿床,但近年来该区有关韧性剪切带型金矿的研究和找矿勘查工作陷入沉寂。前红泉金矿是在基础地质调查工作的基础上通过大比例尺化探手段逐步发现的中型金矿床。通过野外勘查和室内综合研究发现,该金矿床产于长城纪古硐井群千糜岩、千枚岩和千枚状板岩中,严格受NWW向韧性剪切带控制,硅化、毒砂化、绢云母化、黄铁矿化是与之关系密切的矿化蚀变。区内金化探异常高值区及相关矿化蚀变可作为该矿床主要的找矿标志。前红泉金矿的发现对北山南带寻找与韧性剪切带有关的金矿具有重要的指导意义,尤其是在勘查方法手段选择、找矿思路及方向上具有一定的借鉴价值。文章提出已有矿床外围、深部及重要化探异常区是下一步找矿突破的重点区域。     

鄂西清江中上游高海拔砾石层ESR定年及地质意义

在鄂西清江中游建始、巴东地区、上游利川地区的野外地质调查中,发现多处残留的高海拔河流相砾石层,其特征指示砾石层可能为NNE向古水系残留的"高阶地"。对高海拔砾石层进行了ESR测年,清江中游建始、巴东地区高海拔砾石层形成于早更新世末中更新世初（677±67）^789±78ka,上游利川地区高海拔砾石层形成于中更新世中期（371±37）^551±55ka,说明早更新世末中更新世初,清江中游地区尚发育NNE向古水系,而直至中更新世中期,清江上游利川地区仍发育NNE向古水系。这可能指示清江袭夺中游水系发生于早、中更新世之交,袭夺上游水系发生于中更新世中期,现代清江水系形成于中更新世中期之后。由于清江贯通、长江贯通三峡都与青藏高原末次快速隆升有密切关系,从而指示长江贯通三峡的方式总体上可能也是自东向西的不断袭夺,而贯通时间则可能要稍早于清江。     

山东烟台地区苹果果园土壤中DDTs和HCHs残留分布特征与来源解析

为研究不同土壤类型中有机氯农药的残留特征、降解程度和来源途径,采集了山东烟台9个不同地质单元苹果园根系土壤和剖面土壤样品,用电子捕获检测器气相色谱法测定其中的滴滴涕(DDTs)和六六六(HCHs)。结果表明,研究区所有类型根系土壤中DDTs和HCHs均未超出《土壤环境质量标准》的二级土壤限值(500 ng/g);土壤中DDTs的残留量及检出率均高于HCHs,DDTs检出率为100%,平均残留量为71.7ng/g,而HCHs的检出率为19.70%,平均残留量为7.9 ng/g;根系土壤中DDTs各异构体平均浓度依次为p,p’-DDT>p,p’-DDE>o,p’-DDT>p,p’-DDD,而HCHs大部分以α-HCH形式存在,部分以β-HCH、γ-HCH存在。不同类型土壤中有机氯农药残留分布特征明显不同:DDTs在棕壤土(臧家庄)中最高(145.5 ng/g),在中粗粒砂土(武宁)中最低(24.1 ng/g);而HCHs在细砂质壤土(蛇窝泊)中最高(27.9ng/g)。各剖面土壤DDTs均在<20 cm层位中残留最高。DDTs和HCHs来源解析表明:研究区土壤为好氧条件;麻砂棕壤(官道和桃村)、黏细壤土(牟平)、细砂质壤土(蛇窝泊)和棕壤土(臧家庄)近年来仍有新的DDTs输入;大部分根系土壤均未发现HCHs新来源,但麻砂棕壤(桃村)在HCHs禁用后可能仍存在林丹的使用。     

冀东柳赞地区油气成藏中断层的作用

冀东油田柳赞地区断裂构造发育,在面积约为40km2范围内;发育着30多条断层,而这些断裂是什么时期产生的,它们在油气聚集成藏中起着什么作用,是先有油气聚集、后有断裂,还是先有断裂后才发生油气聚集。这些问题不仅是油气成藏过程研究的焦点,而且还直接影响到对该地区的评价和有利油气聚集带的确定。本文通过研究发现,本区断裂的形成和分布主要受柏各庄、溯河、高柳三条边界断裂活动的控制,并且断裂的产生是有次序的,不同时期形成的断层对油气藏的形成具有不同的作用。