http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987113000315

The Panzhihua gabbroic intrusion,part of the plumbing system of the Emeishan large igneous province, intruded late-Proterozoic dolomites and marls about～263 Ma ago.The dolomites in the contact aureole were converted to brucite marbles and a diverse suite of forsterite,diopside and garnet skarns.The variation in mineralogy is explained in part by differences in the composition of the protolith,particularly the proportion of silica minerals and clay,and in part by transfer of elements from intruding magmas.The trace element compositions of most marbles and skarns are very similar to those of unmetamorphosed dolomites and marls,but some contain high Si,Ti,and Fe contents that are interpreted to have come from a magmatic source.Three brucite marbles sampled～10 m from the contact of the intrusion and named "enriched brucite marble" have trace element compositions very different from their dolomitic protolith:their rare earth elements are strongly enriched whereas levels of Nb-Ta,Zr-Hf and Ti are very low.These characteristics resemble those of carbonate liquid in equilibrium with silicate liquid or more probably with silicate minerals in the case of Panzhihua,a similarity we take to indicate that the sample underwent partial melting.Samples taken up to 300 m from the contact contain brucite indicating that high temperatures persisted well into the country rocks.However,other samples collected only tens of metres from the contact are only slightly recrystallized indicating that conditions in the aureole were highly variable.We suggest that temperatures within the aureole were controlled by conduction of heat from the main intrusion and by supply of additional heat from abundant small dykes within the aureole.Circulation of fluids derived from deeper levels in the aureole flushed the carbon dioxide from the dolomite,lowering temperature needed to partially melt carbonate to the temperatures attained near the intrusion.Irregular but extensive heating destabilized the carbonates of the aureole and decarbonation reactions associated with carbonate breakdown and melting emitted a large volume of CO₂,with potential impact on global climate.     

川西地区长周期气温变化对跨断层位移观测的影响及芦山地震前的异常断层活动

2013年4月20日四川芦山M7.0级地震前2-3年,川西地区的跨断层位移出现群体性、准同步的异常趋势转折,但有些场地的辅助气温观测也呈现相似变化.为探寻这些趋势转折是否为热形变,本文基于鲜水河、安宁河-则木河、龙门山断裂带上的短基线、短水准及辅助气温观测数据,使用频谱分析及统计分析方法,研究跨断层位移与气温之间的关系,并利用主模式分析方法研究芦山地震前各断裂带的运动特征.结果显示：（1） 在大于2.63 a的周期上,短基线、短水准与气温的频率成分较为相似,它们之间为弱-中等强度的相关.（2） 气温变化不是芦山地震前跨断层位移发生趋势转折的主要影响因素.除个别场地外,长周期热形变在总的跨断层位移中所占比重较小,对其趋势变化的影响有限.（3） 主模式分析表明,2010年前后,鲜水河断裂带的左行走滑和张性运动有所减弱,安宁河-则木河、龙门山断裂带的张性运动也开始减弱（或者说压性增强）.这些变化特征可能反映了在这一时期巴颜喀拉块体SE-SEE向运动的加剧.     

Research on single hole heat transfer power of ground source heat pump system

In this paper, the single hole heat transfer power of the ground source heat pump system in Hengshui is compared with data gained from thermal response test. The results show that maximum monitoring data of heat transfer power per meter in summer is 97.1% of the test data, and the average value accounts for 81.8%. The per meter heat power data through on-site thermal response test can provide references for designing engineering project and optimizing ground source heat pump system as these data do not vary greatly from the actual monitoring data.     

热状态对地震发生的影响

考虑地震是由于震源材料软化导致的一种基本机制,假设区域构造应力场在地震孕育过程中基本不变,震源区震前存在着热异常.我们根据热弹塑性增量理论,提出了两种材料模型,用弹塑性有限单元法模拟热状态对地震发生的影响. 模型1用来模拟断层外部区域的物质,其强度只和塑性变形有关而与热状态无关;模型2用来模拟断层物质,其强度只同热状态有关而与塑性变形无关.断层外部地震的发生被认为是岩石应变软化的结果;而断层内部地震的发生被认为是断层热软化的结果. 本文用上述模型分析了只有单一断层的热软化情况,并且得到了相应的断层错距、应力降和地震距.     

理塘MS5.1和杂多MS6.2地震热红外亮温异常分析

利用相对功率谱方法对风云卫星热红外亮温数据进行处理, 发现理塘M_S5.1和杂多M_S6.2地震前存在明显的前兆异常。 异常时空演化特征为2016年8月12日在嘉黎—察隅断裂带、 怒江断裂带和澜沧江断裂带开始出现亮温功率谱高值聚集现象, 随后幅值和面积逐渐增大, 持续至9月1日异常面积和幅度达到最大值, 然后逐渐减弱, 2016年9月21日后基本恢复正常, 异常持续近40天。 异常结束后, 分别于9月23日和10月17日在异常区域内发生理塘M_S5.1和杂多M_S6.2地震。 两次地震震中区域平均相对功率谱值时序曲线与异常区域时间演化过程类似, 地震发生在平均相对功率谱值恢复正常背景值之后。     

偶极子型热源和地形共同强迫下局域流型的演变特征

用带有热源强迫和地形强迫的准地转正压模式,实施了6组时间积分为72个模式日的数值积分。结果指出：不同的初始状态,会产生不同的渐近行为,包括准平衡态、阻尼振荡和非阻尼振荡,显示出明显的非线性特征。热源强迫场空间结构的复杂程度,对系统时间演变特征也有重要影响。     

温棚太阳池模拟实验研究

对温棚太阳池进行小型实验模拟,通过开展活动式温棚太阳池、固定式温棚太阳池和普通太阳池3个平行模拟实验,得到温棚结合太阳池的升温蓄热结果。实验结果表明,活动式温棚太阳池的升温能力较好,固定式温棚的恒温能力较好。温棚结合太阳池,能够减小环境对太阳池的扰动,延长太阳池在冬季的运行时间,提高太阳池的升温能力和蓄热稳定性,使太阳池更适合于盐湖生产工艺的实际需要。     

北京城区地下热水结垢趋势的判断和分析

结垢天地下热水供暖系统运行中普遍存在的现象,对地下热水的腐蚀结垢趋势的计算和判断对于整个工艺运行的稳定性至关重要。本文以北京城区地热田10个代表性地热井为例,采用指数(雷兹诺指数和拉申中指数)判断法以及WATCH程序对地下热水的结垢趋势进行计算和判定,结果表明,城区地热田的大部分地下热水有结垢的可能性,导致结垢的主要矿物是方解石和温石棉。     

Thermal conductivity of soft Bangkok clay from laboratory and field measurements

This paper presents the results of a study on the thermal conductivity of a soft saturated clay (Bangkok clay) carried out in relation to an investigation into using thermal treatment to enhance the consolidation process of soft soils. The thermal conductivity of clay specimens was measured in the laboratory using a steady state method (divided bar test) and a transient state method (needle probe test). In general, the laboratory test results show that the thermal conductivity increased with the increase in soil density. However, the needle probe test was found to yield greater thermal conductivities than those derived from the divided bar test. Furthermore, to assess the validity of the laboratory test results, the heat transfer results obtained from a full-scale embankment test that employed prefabricated vertical thermo-drains (PVTD) were simulated numerically using the laboratory determined thermal conductivity values. The numerical analysis indicates that the field thermal conductivity was close to the value obtained from the needle probe test. However, it was also found that the changes in thermal conductivity values obtained from the two laboratory methods did not impact significantly on heat flow behaviour, suggesting that the two methods are acceptable for characterizing the thermal conductivity of soils.     

数值差分格式及格点设置对土壤温度模拟结果的影响

土壤温度是反映气候系统和生态系统能量循环的重要地球物理学参量,土壤温度的模拟精度直接影响着气候系统模式以及陆面物理过程模式的模拟结果.为了提高模式对土壤温度的模拟能力,本文利用土壤热扩散方程的傅里叶解析解定量研究了差分方案、格点设置以及时间步长对土壤温度模拟结果的影响;提出了一种优化的格点设置方案,并利用巴丹吉林沙漠观测数据检验了该方案的性能.研究结果表明:三种差分方案中,显式方案的模拟误差最小,Crank-Nicolson方案其次,隐式方案的模拟误差最大;每一种格点设置方案均存在一个使模拟结果误差最小的最优化时间步长;常用格点设置方案的最优化时间步长为5358 s,最小标准差为0.156 K,优化方案的最优化时间步长为1694 s,最小标准差为0.0465 K;取时间步长为1800 s时,采用常用格点设置方案,巴丹吉林沙漠10 cm深度土壤温度模拟结果的标准差为1.61 K,而采用优化方案,模拟结果的标准差降至0.21 K,改进效果明显.