中国地理学的发展与全球变化研究

10年来中国地理学研究领域发生了巨大变化,主要表现在大规模地参与了全球变化研究。本文阐述了全球变化的主要研究议题及地理学者可能起到的作用,认为中国长期高速经济增长引起的环境变化比大气层增温的影响大得多,一系列与此有关的重大区域性问题应该得到地理学者的广泛重视。文中还指出了地理学者在全球变化研究中的值得注意的倾向。     

基于内容的虚拟地理场景检索与智能导航技术探讨

该文提出和探讨了基于内容的虚拟地理场景检索与智能导航研究框架。该框架包括三维地理数据获取与模型创建,三维地理对象的识别与定位,三维地理场景的内容分析、检索与认知,基于内容的虚拟地理数据层次式描述与分类索引,地理场景智能导航以及基于内容的自适应虚拟地理数据网络传输等方面的研究方法和内容,有助于建立一种符合人类认知特点的人地关系和人地交互模型。最后,总结和分析了该技术在虚拟地理环境(VGE)研究中的地位和作用。     

从地理态势分析科索沃战争中的地理环境

给出了地理态势的概念, 初步探讨了地理环境的分析方法, 并从地理态势角度分析了科索沃战争的发生、发展和结局。     

The continuity of Basque political violence: A geographical perspective on the legitimisation of violence

After twenty years of parliamentary democracy in Spain the Basque liberation movement ETA is still using violent methods. Considerable support for ETA has persisted in the Spanish Basque Country. Based on voting patterns in Euskadi the persistent support for ETA is studied. ETA support through voting for its political wing Herri Batasuna is concentrated in specific areas. Through ecological analysis the relative weight of cultural, socio-economic, demographic and locational factors in voting patterns is determined. At a local level particular cultural contexts reproduce support for violent separatism. The continuity of violence legitimisation is a Spanish Basque phenomenon as it is confined to the Basque-speaking parts of Spain. The small-size settlements of the Basque Country offer a context of social control which enables mass legitimisation of political violence.     

MF地磁场模型中磁尾感应电场研究与磁尾离子加速

为研究磁尾感应电场对上行离子的加速,对磁层亚暴期间尾向地磁场在向偶极位形弛豫过程中产生的感应电场进行了理论研究。结果表明：在偶极化过程中磁场的ＢＸ分量下降,ＢＺ分量上升,并产生随时间变化的单峰结构的感应电场,其峰值可超过２０ｍｖ／ｍ;当子午面内地心距离由６Ｒ,变化到１６ＲＥ时,感应电场峰值呈逐渐增大趋势;随着ｚ坐标的增大（远离赤道面）或Ｙ坐标的增大（远离子午面）,感应电场峰值呈逐渐减小趋势;感应电场峰值随磁场向偶极形弛豫周期的减小而增大．理论计算得到的感应电场随时间变化曲线及峰值与观测结果符合较好,本文还对上行离子在感应磁场中的加速进行了估算．     

试论地理信息科学

通过阐述地理信息科学的定义,及其地理学传统和技术驱动机制,论证地理信息科学是地理学信息革命和范式演进的结果,是从信息机理的角度研究地球表层人地关系系统的地理学科,并提出其内容框架和学科体系。     

Community Development Approaches to Heart Health Promotion: A Geographical Perspective

This paper reports results of a qualitative study of community development approaches to heart health promotion in Ontario. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a substantial proportion of the burden of illness experienced by western industrialized countries. Biomedical research has implicated lifestyle choices and socioeconomic conditions as primary determinants of CVD. There has been a resultant shift from curative to preventive/health promoting strategies to reduce this burden of illness. The Canadian Heart Health Initiative-Ontario Project (CHHIOP), a two-stage (quantitative and qualitative) longitudinal study, was designed to address issues of heart health promotion through the investigation and strengthening of community-based heart health activities in both the formal and informal public health systems. The study reported on in this paper forms one part of the qualitative stage and focuses on how community relationships and community development approaches play out in local contexts to shape the reality of (heart) health promotion practice. Analysis of key informant interviews using Ethnograph illustrates the centrality of community context, the lack of a common understanding of key concepts (e.g., community development), and the emergence of a shift in health agencies' ways of doing business characterized by increased partnering and collaboration in the delivery of (heart) health promotion programs. Local perspectives and the dynamics of intra-community relations were allowed to emerge through the use of qualitative approaches implying a need for place-sensitive (heart) health promotion strategies.     

Multi-Method Research: An Introduction to Its Application in PopulationGeography

This paper sets the context for four papers on multi-method research inpopulation geography. It begins by outlining the various ends to which multi-method research may be employed. The focus then shifts to the broader plane of method, epistemology, and research design. It is argued that epistemological position only determines how methods can be used: it does not preclude the use of particular methods. The possibilities for multi-method research are therefore considerable. Finally, some issues pertaining to multi-method research thathave not yet been resolved are raised for future debate.     

THE BUFFALO COMMONS: METAPHOR AS METHOD*

ABSTRACT. By crafting regional metaphors, geographers can help the public to understand and expand regional choices. As a metaphor for the United States' Great Plains, the Buffalo Commons stands for a large-scale, long-term ecological-economic restoration project. It has found an attentive audience in the last thirteen years and is in practice springing to life in the region. Comparable metaphors for other regions dealing with structural change are explored in this essay, using as main examples the Pacific Northwest, Detroit, and big cities generally. Metaphors, we conclude, differ from usual social-science tools because they engage the public in forming policy. The most effective regional metaphors are ambiguous, open-ended, and somewhat disconcerting.