中华白海豚SRAP分子标记多态性的初步研究

首次将SRAP(sequence-related amplified polymorphism)方法引入中华白海豚(Sousa chinensis)多态性研究中,利用高分辨率的毛细管凝胶电泳分析了模板DNA、Mg2+、dNTP、引物、Taq DNA聚合酶等因素对SRAP-PCR扩增结果的影响.确定了me1-em5为扩增中华白海豚基因组DNA的最佳引物对.并进一步确立了适合中华白海豚的SRAP最佳反应体系:25 mm3体系中,模板DNA浓度为0.8 ng/mm3,Mg2+浓度为1.0 mmol/dm3,dNTP浓度为0.1 mmol/dm3,引物浓度为0.2μmol/dm3,Taq DNA聚合酶浓度为0.04 U/mm3.利用该反应体系对10个白海豚样品进行SRAP分析的结果表明,不同样品间DNA谱带清晰、多态性丰富.证实该体系稳定可靠,可以用于中华白海豚的分子标记研究.     

An efficient performance‐based seismic design method for reinforced concrete frames

In this paper, a practical method is developed for performance‐based design of RC structures subjected to seismic excitations. More efficient design is obtained by redistributing material from strong to weak parts of a structure until a state of uniform deformation or damage prevails. By applying the design algorithm on 5, 10 and 15‐storey RC frames, the efficiency of the proposed method is initially demonstrated for specific synthetic and real seismic excitations. The results indicate that, for similar structural weight, designed structures experience up to 30% less global damage compared with code‐based design frames. The method is then developed to consider multiple performance objectives and deal with seismic design of RC structures for a design spectrum. The results show that the proposed method is very efficient at controlling performance parameters and improving structural behaviour of RC frames. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for spatially distributed infrastructure

Two key issues distinguish probabilistic seismic risk analysis of a lifeline or portfolio of structures from that of a single structure. Regional analysis must consider the correlation among lifeline components or structures in the portfolio, and the larger scope makes it much more computationally demanding. In this paper, we systematically identify and compare alternative methods for regional hazard analysis that can be used as the first part of a computationally efficient regional probabilistic seismic risk analysis that properly considers spatial correlation. Specifically, each method results in a set of probabilistic ground motion maps with associated hazard‐consistent annual occurrence probabilities that together represent the regional hazard. The methods are compared according to how replicable and computationally tractable they are and the extent to which the resulting maps are physically realistic, consistent with the regional hazard and regional spatial correlation, and few in number. On the basis of a conceptual comparison and an empirical comparison for Los Angeles, we recommend a combination of simulation and optimization approaches: (i) Monte Carlo simulation with importance sampling of the earthquake magnitudes to generate a set of probabilistic earthquake scenarios (defined by source and magnitude); (ii) the optimization‐based probabilistic scenario method, a mixed‐integer linear program, to reduce the size of that set; (iii) Monte Carlo simulation to generate a set of probabilistic ground motion maps, varying the number of maps sampled from each earthquake scenario so as to minimize the sampling variance; and (iv) the optimization‐based probabilistic scenario again to reduce the set of probabilistic ground motion maps. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

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???GNSS/Pseudolites???????α????????????????????????????????μ?GNSS????α????????????,??????????λ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????α??????????????????????????????????????仯????Ч????????????????????????λ????????????μ?PDOP????????????????????仯?????????????PDOP?????????????????????????????????ЧЭ?????????????????????????????????????????Ч????α???????GNSS?????Ч??????     

红笛鲷重组激活基因rag1原核表达条件的优化及纯化

克隆编码红笛鲷(Lutjanus sanguineus)RAG1蛋白(recombination activating protein1)活性核心区的基因序列,并与pET-28a(+)载体连接,构建原核表达载体pET-28a-RAG1,将其转入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)菌株,利用IPTG进行诱导表达。为提高融合蛋白的表达效率,运用传统的实验方法对诱导条件进行优化。SDS-PAGE分析表明,在37℃条件下,利用0.1 mmol/L IPTG诱导8 h后,RAG1重组融合蛋白的表达量最大,相对分子质量与预测值相符,该蛋白主要以包涵体形式高效表达,利用His Trap HP亲和柱使其得到进一步纯化;Western blot分析显示,该融合蛋白可与鼠抗His-tag单克隆抗体发生特异性结合,说明表达蛋白为目的蛋白。     

基于多目标分析的石羊河流域水资源优化配置研究

 在论述区域水资源可持续利用与水资源承载能力关系的前提下,运用多目标多阶段分析法,建立了石羊河流域水资源优化配置模型,并计算了2010年、2020年的水资源最佳分配量。结果表明,水资源配置常遇到许多不确定性或模糊性问题,需要不确定型或模糊模型予以解决。开发建立多层次、多用户的面向对象的交互式模拟与优化耦合模型,可以解决水资源配置的许多实际问题。     

Increasing Resolution in Exploration Biostratigraphy—Part I

Crossplots with Ranking and Scaling (RASC) and Constrained Optimization (CONOP) zonal sequences increase stratigraphic resolution and correlation potential of biozonations. The crossplots reveal which events do and which do not deviate their stratigraphic position from well to well, and how well they track their average stratigraphic level. The methodology solves the problem that conventional fossil zonations do not rank taxa according to the degree of diachroneity of range endpoints in a correlation scheme. Part 1 of this study applies the crossplots method to a North Sea biostratigraphic data, and part 2 to a proprietary dataset from the Gulf of Mexico. This study is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague Garry Jones, a staunch supporter of quantitative stratigraphic methods in exploration micropaleontology.     

64层锥束CT扫描的优化系统

近年来X射线断层成像(CT)技术获得了突飞猛进的发展,自1998年推出4层螺旋CT后,CT扫描设备在容积覆盖,空间分辨率,扫描速度,切片数方面取得了长足进展.这不仅给医学应用带来了深远的影响,同时也给CT系统设计提出了巨大的挑战.容积CT(VCT)的设计过程引入了各种策略来战胜其复杂性.这些方法学包括:理论分析,系统性能预测的图像分析工具,各种基于专家背对背评价的参数优化.本文论述了64层CT系统设计中的一些考虑因素及优化过程.这些设计过程保证了锥束CT的优化性能.首批客户的应用反馈显示了我们设计实践的有效率性.     

海洋支撑碳中和技术体系框架构建的思考与建议

海洋在全球气候变化及应对方面发挥了重要作用,国际上正在从增汇和减排两个技术体系层面探索实践海洋对碳中和的支撑作用.本文立足中国海洋碳汇资源扩增和海洋可再生能源开发,从滨海湿地、渔业碳汇、微生物碳汇、海底碳封存、海洋可再生能源、耦合优化及前瞻性技术方面,构建了海洋支撑碳中和的技术体系,并对未来技术发展进行展望.建议加强海...     

Robust source localization in shallow water based on vector optimization

Owing to the multipath effect, the source localization in shallow water has been an area of active interest. However, most methods for source localization in shallow water are sensitive to the assumed model of the underwater environment and have poor robustness against the underwater channel uncertainty, which limit their further application in practical engineering. In this paper, a new method of source localization in shallow water, based on vector optimization concept, is described, which is highly robust against environmental factors affecting the localization, such as the channel depth, the bottom reflection coefficients, and so on. Through constructing the uncertainty set of the source vector errors and extracting the multi-path sound rays from the sea surface and bottom, the proposed method can accurately localize one or more sources in shallow water dominated by multipath propagation. It turns out that the natural formulation of our approach involves minimization of two quadratic functions subject to infinitely many nonconvex quadratic constraints. It shows that this problem (originally intractable) can be reformulated in a convex form as the so-called second-order cone program (SOCP) and solved efficiently by using the well-established interior point method, such as the software tool, SeDuMi. Computer simulations show better performance of the proposed method as compared with existing algorithms and establish a theoretical foundation for the practical engineering application.