欧盟RoHS指令对江苏企业的影响分析及应对措施

欧盟RoHS指令公布以来,江苏电子电气产品生产企业的出口贸易受到很大的影响。在调查研究的基础上分析了RoHS指令对江苏相关企业出口产品贸易的影响,提出了政府与企业应对RoHS指令需采取的措施建议。江苏省无机材料专业测试服务中心作为政府组建的科技服务平台可以为江苏企业与政府提供有力的技术支持,并通过不断的自我更新,保持与国际技术同步发展,为应对未来国际贸易中不断出现的新技术壁垒提供有效的技术支持。     

The thermal decomposition studies of three Polish bituminous coking coals and their blends

The objective of this work was to investigate the thermal decomposition of various bituminous coal blends. Three Polish coals of varying rank (82.7, 86.2 and 88.7 wt.% carbon content) and caking ability (weak, moderate and strong) were collected from the Krupiński, Szczygłowice and Zofiówka mines, respectively. These coals were used to prepare binary and ternary blends. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) were used. The weight loss and heat flow during pyrolysis, and storage/loss elastic modulus measured as a function of increasing temperature were related to the caking ability of coals. Parameters determined with the TGA and the DSC methods in the binary and ternary blends were correlated with the proportion of strongly-caking-coal concentration in the blend. The weight loss of coal blends was found to be additive parameter. The DSC thermograms of binary blends were found to be different from those of the ternary blends, which suggests a different course for this blend pyrolysis.     

溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体数学模型的设计

溶蚀岩体是地质体中一种特定的岩体 ,它在水流等自然因素作用下 ,生成了许多溶蚀洞体 ,本文首先对作为其载体的三维地质体进行数学描述和显示 ,然后对如何确定椭球洞体形状和大小、复杂洞体的生成、三维随机洞体的数学模型以及确定性洞体的数学描述和计算机显示进行了详尽的阐述。本文提出的溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体的数学模型为溶蚀岩体的溶蚀率和渗透特性的研究提供了可视化手段 ,能够有力地指导溶蚀岩体三维随机洞体的计算机显示的编程实践     

FMI测井技术在川东北地区碳酸盐岩溶孔溶洞型储层评价中的应用

碳酸盐岩储层储集空间复杂多样,溶蚀孔洞发育且具有较强非均质性。根据实际岩心表面溶孔发育空间位置、均匀程度和溶孔直径,结合FMI特征,建立了FMI储层类型精细解释图版,并应用于非取心段储层类型的解释。川东北地区下三叠统飞仙关组、上二叠统长兴组的孔洞型储层可细分为三类:较连通型储层、局部连通型储层和孤立型储层。在储层类型解释基础上,结合FMI特征半定量地计算溶孔面孔率。通过取心井的验证,FMI测井技术可有效地应用于评价溶孔溶洞型碳酸盐岩储层的非均质性。     

The enthalpy of transformation of Ca(OH)2-I (portlandite) to Ca(OH)2-II (EuI2 structure) by low-temperature DSC

 Thermodynamic properties of high-pressure minerals that are not recoverable from synthesis experiments by conventional quenching methods (“unquenchable” phases) usually are calculated from equation of state data and phase diagram topologies. The present study shows that, with cryogenic methods of recovery and sample treatment, phases with a suitable decomposition rate can be made accessible to direct thermodynamic measurements. A set of samples of Ca(OH)₂-II has been synthesized in a multianvil device and subsequently recovered by cooling the high-pressure assembly with liquid nitrogen. Upon heating from liquid nitrogen to room temperature, the material transformed back to Ca(OH)₂-I. The heat effect of this backtransformation was measured by differential scanning calorimetry. A commercial differential scanning calorimeter (Netzsch DSC 404), modified to allow sample loading at liquid nitrogen temperature was used to heat the material from −150 to +200 °C at rates varying between 5 and 15 °C min⁻¹. The transformation started around −50 °C very gradually, and peaked at about 0 °C. To obtain a baseline correction, each sample was scanned under exactly the same conditions after the backtransformation was complete. Because of the relative sluggishness, onset and offset temperatures were not well defined as compared to fast (e.g., melting) reactions. To aid in integration, the resulting signals were successfully fitted using a generic asymmetric peak model. The enthalpy of backtransformation was determined to be ΔH =−10.37 ± 0.50 kJ mol⁻¹. From previous in situ X-ray diffraction experiments, the location of the direct transformation in P-T space has been constrained to 5.7 ± 0.4 GPa at 500 °C (Kunz et al. 1996). With the reaction volume known from the same study, and assuming that ΔC _p of the transformation remains negligible between the conditions of our measurements and 500 °C, our result gives an estimate of the entropy of transition and the P-T slope of the reaction curve. To a first approximation, the values ΔS = −16.00 ± 0.65 J(mol · K)⁻¹ and dP/dT = 0.0040 ± 0.0002 GPa/K have been determined. These results need to be refined by equation of state data for Ca(OH)₂-II. Received: 30 December 1999 / Accepted: 10 April 2000     

自动气象站常见的异常问题及解决方法

对自动气象站常见的异常问题进行分析，并对这些异常问题提出解决方法。     

Heat-capacity measurements and absolute entropy of ɛ-Mg2PO4OH

The low-temperature heat capacity of -Mg₂PO₄OH was measured between 10 and 400 K by adiabatic calorimetry. No phase transition was observed over this temperature range. A relative enthalpy increment of 22,119 J mol^–1 and an absolute entropy value of 127.13±0.25 J mol^–1 K^–1 at 298.15 K are derived from the results. The low-temperature heat-capacity data are compared with the DSC data obtained from 143 K to 775 K and show marginal differences in the common temperature range. The latter data are fitted by the polynomial

Hydrogeochemical processes involved in salt-dissolution zones,texas panhandle,U.S.A.

Permian evaporite deposits have been extensively dissolved beneath the perimeter of the Southern High Plains in the Texas Panhandle. Hydrologic and geochemical data were collected from six test wells to determine hydrogeochemical processes involved and the source and flow paths of ground water moving in salt-dissolution zones. Geochemical similarities and hydraulic-head relationships indicate that ground water dissolving halite and anhydrite moves downward from aquifers in post-Permian formations and follows flow paths influenced by topography. Holocene salt-dissolution rates probably are lower than Tertiary and Pleistocene rates owing to regional changes in physiography and climate that probably decreased the amount of recharge to salt-dissolution zones. Present as well as palaeohydrologic ground-water velocities and salt-dissolution rates are probably less beneath the Southern High Plains than in adjacent, peripheral salt-dissolution zones because of lower hydraulic conductivities and lower hydraulic-head gradients. Salinities in peripheral salt-dissolution zones are low (67 000 to 95 000 mg L^?1) despite high solubility of halite, reflecting relatively open circulation of ground water. In interior salt-dissolution zones beneath the Southern High Plains, ground-water circulation is low and water composition tends to reach halite saturation.     

基于MapInfo MapX测绘成果目录系统解决方案

本文阐述采用Mapinfo MapX控件和PowerBui1der8．0开发工具编制测绘成果目录管理系统的解决方案，即用可视化技术表现测绘成果目录信息数据，形象直观地展示测绘成果状况、分布、现势性、精度等等情况，实现测绘成果目录快速检索、方便查询、所见即所得输出。     

剪切破坏模式下确定均质岩基极限承载力的两种方法

剪切破坏是岩基中最常见的-种破坏模式, 常发生在完整岩体、破碎岩体和软弱岩体等均质岩基中。本文基于岩体经验强度准则和极限平衡法, 简单介绍了理论计算岩基极限承载力的Bell解法和Hoek -Brown解法, 以及确定岩体参数m, s,c, 的方法。最后, 结合规范, 以重庆某工程为例说明了本文方法。