主流海表风场资料在舟山群岛近海的性能评估

再分析风场资料已广泛应用于我国舟山群岛海域可再生能源评估、海洋灾害预防决策以及港口运维和船舶运输等涉海发展领域,然而不同业务机构所提供的再分析数据在舟山近海的性能表现不一,严重阻碍了此类数据的有效应用。基于2018年全年单点浮标观测资料,综合评价了舟山群岛近海面(10 m)风场的长期变化趋势,并利用误差分析和风玫瑰图等统计工具对6种主流海表风场再分析资料,包括:ECMWF第五代全球大气再分析数据(the 5th generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis,ERA5)、NECP第二版全球高分辨率再分析数据(climate forecast system version 2,CFSv2)、美国宇航局物理海洋学分布存档中心的多卫星融合资料(cross-calibrated multi-platform,CCMP)、日本55年再分析数据(Japanese 55-year reanalysis,JRA-55)、第二版现代研究与应用回顾性分析数据(modern-era retrospective analysis for research and applications version 2,MERRA-2)和ECMWF哥白尼大气监测服务再分析数据(the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service,CAMS)在时间变化特征上进行了对比与评估。研究表明:在综合性能方面,ERA5对风场的再现能力最优,其次为JRA-55;在要素可信度方面,ERA5对风速的再现情况相对较优,而CFSv2的风向再现情况较好;风场产品在不同季节的模拟能力有所差异;不同风场产品在不同风速区间的重构能力也有所不同;在全年风向分布方面,各再分析资料都存在显著的东向偏差。研究结果为不同应用场景下风场资料的选取提供评估依据,并为进一步开发适用于舟山群岛近海的高精度长周期风场数据产品奠定基础。     

Are We There Yet? A Roadmap to Understanding National Park Service Rulemaking

The preproposal stage of the rulemaking process is notoriously understudied, but enormously important in determining regulatory outputs. Recently, Rinfret (2011c Rinfret , S. R. 2011c . Frames of influence: U.S. environmental rulemaking case studies . Rev. Policy Res. 28 ( 3 ): 231 – 245 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) analyzed the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) rulemaking process and developed a frame analysis model to interpret stakeholder influence during the preproposal stage. Rinfret argues that stakeholders use three frames to influence agency rulemaking, including an expertise, a fiscal feasibility, and an information frame. This article tests this model to determine whether it is applicable to other federal agencies such as the National Park Service (NPS). Through an analysis of stakeholder framing within the 2012 NPS Yellowstone Winter Use Rule, this research confirms that Rinfret's model is indeed applicable to the NPS process. Therefore, this research suggests that this theoretical model examining stakeholder influence is applicable to other public land agencies, and arguably can be applied across the bureaucracy.     

A relook at NEH‐4 curve number data and antecedent moisture condition criteria

This paper investigates the variation of the popular curve number (CN) values given in the National Engineering Hand Book–Section 4 (NEH‐4) of the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) with antecedent moisture condition (AMC) and soil type. Using the volumetric concept, involving soil, water, and air, a significant condensation of the NEH‐4 tables is achieved. This leads to a procedure for determination of CN for gauged as well as ungauged watersheds. The rainfall‐runoff events derived from daily data of four Indian watersheds exhibited a power relation between the potential maximum retention or CN and the 5‐day antecedent rainfall amount. Including this power relation, the SCS‐CN method was modified. This modification also eliminates the problem of sudden jumps from one AMC level to the other. The runoff values predicted using the modified method and the existing method utilizing the NEH‐4 AMC criteria yielded similar results. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

黑龙江省位置服务中心建设与发展

重点介绍黑龙江省位置服务中心十年建设过程与研究成果,就中心硬件配备、平台建设进行阐述;对位置服务平台的逻辑组成、功能架构、终端产品接入及服务接口情况作详细说明;针对中心在北斗领域的研究应用、多年来探索的服务模式,以及位置服务标准化建设所做工作进行探讨。文末对黑龙江省位置服务中心下一步的新技术研究与产品化、市场化策略予以展望。     

Data,interface, security: Assembling technologies that govern the future

Over the last decade, fire governance practices in the British Fire and Rescue Service (FRS) have undergone fundamental transformation. Rather than just being responded to as and when they occur, the FRS have adopted a range of anticipatory governing strategies to govern fires in anticipation of their occurence. This turn towards anticipatory governance has been facilitated in no small part by the digital infrastructure now embedded in the FRS. Composed of data, hardware, software, fibre-optic cables along with human analysts and organisational processes, this infrastructure operates to make risk projections on fire which shape and condition strategic decision making. This paper explores the operation of this digital infrastructure through the notion of interface. Drawing on empirical material relating to processes of data sourcing and risk calculation, interfaces account for the sites, moments and experiences in which human and non-human agents relate to one another in making fire risk projections. Showing relations to exist spatially, temporally and sensually, I argue that interfaces are crucial to the operation of an anticipatory security apparatus which relies on digital devices.     

图书情报资料工作在测绘教育中的地位与作用

学校图书馆是图书资料的供应与服务基地 ,其藏书量与藏书类别的多少 ,以及图书馆各专业情报资料源的数量与管理和服务水平 ,是办学条件的重要标志之一 ,因而 ,测绘图书情报资料的信息源建设、测绘科技文献的开发与利用和测绘科技情报资料为师生的服务 ,在测绘教育中有着举足轻重的地位与作用。     

为全民创业提供优质气象服务在全民创业中加快气象事业发展--在江西省气象局党组扩大会议上的讲话(摘录)

结合部门实际。对江西气象部门如何领会和贯彻落实2005年全省领导干部会议精神,提出了具体的指导意见。讲话指出,全省各级气象部门干部职工,要把思想和行动进一步统一到全省领导干部会议精神上来,围绕为全民创业提供优质气象服务,找准自己的位置,为不同创业主体提供精细化、个性化的气象服务产品。拓宽为全民创业服务的气象信息传递渠道,强化安全气象和资源气象服务,开展全民创业技能培训和创业资讯服务,营造优化有利于全民创业的气象政务环境。努力满足全民创业对气象服务的迫切需求。讲话还强调,全省气象干部职工要强化创业理念,大力培育气象创业文化;加强气象能力建设,加快提升气象现代化水平和效益;适应中国气象事业发展战略,加快全省新一轮气象业务技术体制改革;坚持改革创新,做大做强做优气象科技服务;加强队伍建设,为事业发展提供智力支持和组织保证,努力在全民创业的热潮中,实现江西气象事业在新的起点上更快更好的发展。另外。讲话在总结分析上半年工作的基础上,结合全省领导干部会议精神。对2005年下半年的工作进行了全面的部署。认为2005年下半年,全省气象部门要狠抓目标管理,积极做好气象服务工作,下大力气促科技服务上新台阶;要加强与有关部门的共建共享工作。及时完成“十一五”规划的编制。大力推进业务技术体制改革和现代化建设;要加强党建和气象文化建设,并根据《江西省气象局关于加强基层台站建设的实施意见》,以及《全省县（市、区）气象局“五大工程”建设考评办法》。抓好基层台站建设。     

辽河三角洲湿地生态服务功能价值评估研究

采用国际通用的市场价值法、成本法、影子工程法和替代法,对辽河三角洲湿地服务功能价值进行评估研究,诠释了保护湿地资源的重大意义。     

基于Web Service的气象预警短信发布系统设计与实现

昆明市气象预警信息发布系统是以提高预警信息及时性和发布效率为出发点,整合了不同种类自动气象站的数据资源,与气象业务平台无缝集成,实时监控数据并生成满足需求的气象预警短信,通过预警号码管理数据库,确定预警信息受众范围,实现了预警短信服务的自动化、标准化、规范化。信息编辑不再需要人工干预,信息发布摒弃了原有的GPRS通信、GSMModem通信、运营商提供短信发布平台等方式,基于Web Service技术直接接入电信短信网关,实现了气象预警信息的高效发布,提高了气象服务的整体质量和效率。     

气象短信编写技巧调研与研究

通过对气象短信编写技巧调研与研究,探讨了如何编写好气象短信,使其既抓住社会公众关注的热点天气问题,还要富有文采、贴近生活、具有新闻性。