辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区沙河街组层序界面的识别

对辽河西部凹陷欢喜岭地区层序地层的研究,总结出4种层序界面的识别方法:①钻井、测井资料;②泥砂比曲线;③小波变换;④地震时频分析。方法①表现为在沙河街组各三级层序界面处,岩性、相序、曲线形态和幅值有不同程度的突变;方法②表现为在一个完整的三级层序中,泥砂比曲线由小变大再变小,其中泥砂比值最大处为最大湖泛面(MFS)位置;方法③表现为在一个完整的三级层序中,谱系图从低频到高频再到低频的变化,在系数曲线上表现为一个或近似一个完整的振荡旋回,其中谱系图中高频部分对应着最大湖泛面位置;方法④在剖面上层序界面处为低频部分,高频部分是最大湖泛面位置。通过测井与地震信息相结合,综合运用4种方法识别出7个层序界面和6个最大湖泛面,由此建立了研究区的高精度层序地层格架。     

面波频散谱多模式高分辨率成像的多道信号比较法

高分辨率的面波频散谱成像是浅层地震勘探领域基于频散性质反演横波速度结构中的一个关键步骤.在天然地震探测领域,仅利用两个台站记录的线性信号比较法(LSC),被广泛用来计算面波的频散谱,并用于大尺度的面波层析成像.然而互相关的成像方式会造成频散谱在低频端较低的分辨率.非线性信号比较法(NLSC)利用指数函数克服了这个问题,...     

不同轴压比RCS梁柱组合件恢复力模型研究

以6个1/2模型RCS梁柱节点拟静力试验为基础,研究不同轴压比下RCS组合件的滞回性能。试验结果表明:梁铰破坏时试件的滞回曲线饱满,耗能能力优于构造破坏;随着轴压比的增大,试件滞回环愈加丰满,初始刚度有所增加,承载力有所增大;随着加载位移的增加,刚度退化速率变慢,且梁铰破坏时随着轴压比增大,刚度退化速率变大。基于试验结果和现有恢复力模型理论,建立的三折线骨架曲线模型与实际试验骨架曲线具有较高的吻合度,能较好的反映轴压比对其滞回特性的影响,可为该RCS梁柱组合件的弹塑性分析及工程应用提供参考。     

Reliability of rayleigh wave dispersion curve obtained from f–k spectral analysis of microtremor array measurement

The paper utilizes previously developed microtremor simulation technique to evaluate the reliability of Rayleigh wave dispersion curve estimated by f–k spectral analysis of microtremor array measurement. The simulated microtremors are obtained for a fictitious (TEST) site. Attempt is also made to obtain the dispersion curve for two real sites (OHDATE and SKC) by inverse analysis of the microtremor array measurement using f–k spectra method. The estimated dispersion curve from simulated microtremors (TEST site) compares well with the theoretical dispersion curve, demonstrating the reliability of f–k spectra method and indicating that the estimated dispersion curve from microtremor measurements could be adequately used as the target for inverse analysis purposes. It is also demonstrated that the dispersion curve from microtremor measurements can be utilized to estimate the soil profile at OHDATE and SKC sites by inverse analysis. Results show that the theoretical dispersion curve of the fundamental mode of Rayleigh wave after the end of inverse analysis are in good agreement with the dispersion curve obtained by f–k spectral analysis of microtremor array measurement.     

临汾地震安全性评价的极值理论方法

本文根据极值理论建立了烈度超越给定值Ｉｊ的平均重现期公式，根据最大熵原理建立了未来Ｔ年烈度超越给定值Ｉｊ的概率和烈度超越给定值Ｉｊ的平均重现期之间的关系式。利用１０２２─１９９３年的地震资料，计算了临汾（３６．１０°Ｎ，１１１．５０°Ｅ）周围４级以上地震在临汾造成的烈度，绘制了未来１００年临汾的烈度超越概率曲线（地震危险性曲线）。结果表明，计算场地烈度的极值理论方法可作为地震危险性分析的综合概率法的补充和验证。     

Assessing basin storage: Comparison of hydrometric- and tracer-based indices of dynamic and total storage

Storage is a fundamental but elusive component of drainage basin function, influencing synchronization between precipitation input and streamflow output and mediating basin sensitivity to climate and land use/land cover (LULC) change. We compare hydrometric and isotopic approaches to estimate indices of dynamic and total basin storage, respectively, and assess inter-basin differences in these indices across the Oak Ridges Moraine (ORM) region of southern Ontario, Canada. Dynamic storage indices for the 20 study basins included the ratio of baseflow to total streamflow (baseflow index BFI), Q ₉₉ flow and flow duration curve (FDC) slope. Ratios of the standard deviation of the streamflow stable isotope signal relative to that of precipitation were determined for each basin from a 1 year bi-weekly sampling program and used as indicators of total storage. Smaller ratios imply longer water travel times, smaller young water fractions (F _yw, < ~2–3 months in age) in streamflow and greater basin storage. Ratios were inversely related to BFI and Q ₉₉, and positively related to FDC slope, suggesting longer travel times and smaller F _yw for basins with stable baseflow-dominated streamflow regimes. Inter-basin differences in all indices reflected topographic, hydrogeologic and LULC controls on storage, which was greatest in steep, forest-covered headwaters underlain by permeable deposits with thick and relatively uniform unsaturated zones. Nevertheless, differential sensitivity of indices to controls on storage indicates the value of using several indices to capture more completely how basin characteristics influence storage. Regression relationships between storage indices and basin characteristics provided reasonable predictions of aspects of the streamflow regime of test basins in the ORM region. Such relationships and the underlying knowledge of controls on basin storage in this landscape provide the foundation for initial predictions of relative differences in streamflow response to regional changes in climate and LULC.     

瞬态瑞雷面波法在公路工程地质勘察中的应用

结合安徽省高速公路建设工程实例,介绍瞬态瑞雷面波勘探技术在公路工程地质勘察中的应用,解决沿线高边坡、深路堑、桥梁、隧道进出口的岩土分层,给出基岩风化分带等工程地质问题,省时、省力,取得了良好的经济效益和环境效益.     

杭州湾浅层储气砂土的持水特征曲线试验研究

利用GDS三轴系统4D应力路径模块,进行了不同围压下含浅层生物气非饱和砂土的持水特征试验。分析不同围压对持水特征曲线形态的影响。结果表明,随着围压的施加与增大,非饱和砂土持水能力逐渐减弱。应用所得持水特征曲线进行含浅层气砂土中气藏压力状态的分析预测,结果表明,使用无围压下持水特征曲线进行预测是偏于安全的     

从强化弱化性质建立大理岩本构模型

强化和弱化性质在岩石变形过程中对立统一,分别或同时主导了应力及时间效应下形变特征,在上地壳温压条件下,弱化和强化的微观观机制主要是裂纹扩展和位错滑移及成核,本文在关于大理岩等应变率循环中载全过程的实验结果基础上,通过含有强化弱化函数的弹粘塑模型与无穷个弹簧连续夫并联的力学物理模型,建立和描述了大理岩的流变本构关系,根据该模型,可由等应变率的实验结果,预测出蠕变曲线。     

Testing a statistical curve‐fitting procedure for quantifying sediment populations within multi‐modal particle‐size distributions

This paper describes a series of tests designed to evaluate the capacity of a personal computer (PC) based statistical curve‐fitting program called MIX to quantify composite populations within multi‐modal particle‐size distributions. Three natural soil samples were analysed by a Coulter Multisizer, and their particle‐size distributions analysed using MIX software to identify the modes, standard deviations and proportions of their composite populations. The particle‐size distributions of the three natural soil samples were then numerically combined in equal proportions using a spreadsheet program to create synthetic particle‐size distributions of known populations. MIX was then tested on the synthetic particle‐size distributions to see if the modes and proportions it identified were similar to those modes and proportions known to characterize the synthetic particle‐size distributions. The main outcome is that MIX can very accurately describe the modal particle size and proportions of the major composite populations within a particle‐size distribution. However MIX has difficulty in identifying small populations (those contributing <10 per cent of a total particle‐size distribution), particularly when they are located in the central sections of particle‐size distributions, overlain by larger populations, or when positioned in the fine tails of distributions. Despite these minor shortcomings, MIX is a valuable tool for the examination and interpretation of particle‐size data. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.