丝绸之路沿线的兰州城市空间演变及其影响因素

丝绸之路沿线的城市是丝绸之路文明演变的聚焦和投影,研究历史时期丝绸之路沿线城市空间演变及影响因素是理解丝绸之路沿线城市发展的有效视角,对解释丝绸之路沿线人地关系规律具有科学意义.本研究以兰州市作为丝绸之路沿线典型城市,以历史文献资料为基础,结合空间分析技术对历史时期兰州城市空间演变及其影响因素进行分析,得出以下结论:丝...     

逻辑回归元胞自动机模型的鸡西市城市扩张分析及预测

城市的快速扩张导致人地矛盾激化,土地利用效率下降.分析并预测城市发展状态,可以实现土地资源的合理配置,为城市发展提供合理规划.本文以鸡西市市辖区为例,利用Logistic-CA模型进行城市扩张模拟及趋势特征分析.结果表明:1)鸡西市在2005—2015年间城市处于低速扩张阶段,土地利用效率较低,城市发展较为分散;2)通...     

The Moon 35 years after Apollo: What's left to learn?

With the cancellation of the Apollo program after Apollo 17 returned from the Moon in 1972, the focus of NASA switched to other areas of the Solar System. Study of the Moon did continue through analysis of the returned samples and remotely sensed data sets (both orbital and surface), as well as through Earth-based telescopic studies. In the 1990s, new orbital data were obtained from several missions (fly-by and orbital), the first being Galileo that allowed the lunar farside to be mapped, followed by global mapping by the Clementine and Lunar Prospector missions.Interest in the Moon started to increase at the beginning of the 21st century as other nations focused their space exploration programs on the Moon. The speech by President Bush in January 2004 put the Moon back into the critical exploration path for NASA, paving the way for humans to return to the lunar surface by 2020. This return will be critical for developing technologies and protocols for the eventual human exploration of other parts of the solar system. At the time of writing (June 2008), the SELENE/Kaguya mission (Japan and Chang’e-1 (China) are orbiting the Moon, with Chandrayaan-1 (India) and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (USA) being scheduled to launch later in 2008.The past (and present) exploration of the Moon begs the question “what's left to be done?” With the renewed focus on the Moon, now that it is on the pathway for the exploration of Mars (and beyond) a similar question has been raised - what should the astronauts do on the Moon? The publication of the New Views of the Moon book [Jolliff et al., 2006. New Views of the Moon, Reviews in Mineralogy, vol. 60. American Mineralogical Society, 721pp] highlighted a number of important scientific questions that remain unanswered as well as posing many more on the basis of the currently available data. These questions resonated in three Lunar Exploration Analysis Group (LEAG) reports pertinent to this discussion, which were also published (on line) during 2006 (http://www.lpi.usra.edu/leag), and in the National Research Council of the National Academies [2007. The Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon. National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 112pp] report entitled “The Scientific Context for Exploration of the Moon”. This paper synthesizes these recent studies, along with those from the 1980s and 1990s, to emphasize the lunar science questions that remain unanswered. In addition, it summarizes the missions already flown to the Moon along with those that are planned in order to give the reader an idea of exactly what lunar science has been and will be conducted in the hope that it will inspire proposals for missions to address the outstanding science questions.     

Genetic techniques for livestock breeding: Restructuring institutional relationships in agriculture

This paper explores some of the key institutional transformations in livestock breeding associated with the increasing significance of genetic techniques, situating this within an assessment of an emerging agricultural bioeconomy. Focusing on beef cattle and sheep breeding in the United Kingdom, the paper examines how a move towards the involvement of international and corporate interests in livestock breeding is restructuring the network of institutional interests affecting the knowledge and decision making of individual breeders. The paper suggests that the structural transformation of beef cattle and sheep breeding is complicated by the need for negotiation between breeders’ ‘traditional’ knowledge-practices and the ‘geneticised’ techniques being made available to them. We are thus seeing the emergence of new and complex interactions between the major actors which are reconfiguring power relationships in the UK livestock breeding sector.     

Contested H2O: Science, policy and politics in water resources management in Chile

This paper critically explores the politics that mediate the use of environmental science assessments as the basis of resource management policy. Drawing on recent literature in the political ecology tradition that has emphasised the politicised nature of the production and use of scientific knowledge in environmental management, the paper analyses a hydrological assessment in a small river basin in Chile, undertaken in response to concerns over the possible overexploitation of groundwater resources. The case study illustrates the limitations of an approach based predominantly on hydrogeological modelling to ascertain the effects of increased groundwater abstraction. In particular, it identifies the subjective ways in which the assessment was interpreted and used by the state water resources agency to underpin water allocation decisions in accordance with its own interests, and the role that a desocialised assessment played in reproducing unequal patterns of resource use and configuring uneven waterscapes. Nevertheless, as Chile’s ‘neoliberal’ political-economic framework privileges the role of science and technocracy, producing other forms of environmental knowledge to complement environmental science is likely to be contentious. In conclusion, the paper considers the potential of mobilising the concept of the hydrosocial cycle to further critically engage with environmental science.     

关于开展贵阳市新一轮城市地质工作的建议

本文回顾了50年代以来贵阳城市地质工作的概况,建议贵阳市新的城市地质工作的开展宜早不宜迟,提出了下一步开展贵阳市地质工作的新思路、新理论、新方法及主要预期成果。     

基于城市竞争力提高的旅游业发展研究--以苏州市为例

中国城市的旅游黄金时代即将到来。城市决策者应当意识到,旅游业的发展并不只是旅游专业部门的事情,旅游业作为一种经济“催化剂”,将成为城市产业发展乃至增强城市竞争力的一个制高点。文章把旅游业发展和城市整体联系起来,以苏州市为例,指出苏州应充分利用其优越的旅游资源,延伸旅游产业的外在价值。最后,从提高城市竞争力的角度,对苏州旅游业的发展提出了战略构想。     

南京市八卦洲旅游发展条件分析

通过对各种内部和外部因素的系统分析,文章认为八卦洲具有发展旅游的多方面内在优势,也存在一些不利因素,但更存在良好的发展机遇、建议：八卦洲的旅游开发应以建设生态旅游度假区为总体目标,进一步凸现“绿”、“水”、“野’’三大特点,努力营造人与自然和谐相处的生态旅游岛形象,重点开发休闲度假、观光旅览、康体娱乐、美食保健、野营修学、文化旅游等六大系列旅游产品。     

城市经营中的营销分析

随着我国城市化的加速推进,城市经营越来越受到重视,城市经营中的营销工作也日渐显得重要起来。城市经营者如何利用城市公共资源,在正确分析城市营销诸因素的基础上,运用相关理论,并采取有效的营销策略对城市进行营销,正是文章分析的主要内容。     

区域生态功能建设规划的原理与模拟探析

在剖析区域演化历程中的生态功能变迁与导引的生态环境滞胀及危害基础上,着重利用系统生态学的原理和方法,探讨了可持续发展要求下的区域生态功能建设规划的目标、原理和研究的内容、方法及过程;提出了以产业结构、土地利用结构和空间格局调整为核心,制定区域生态功能建设规划的总体思路;创造性地将水土流失、污染物排放、社会经济发展、劳动力吸纳、人口容载和土地资源合理配置及城镇发展等模型融于一体,构建了案例区十堰市的生态环境功能综合调控模型,并借助DYNAMO语言,模拟得到了十堰市未来生态功能建设的优化方案。