全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1104篇 |
免费 | 111篇 |
国内免费 | 125篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 104篇 |
大气科学 | 74篇 |
地球物理 | 182篇 |
地质学 | 335篇 |
海洋学 | 144篇 |
天文学 | 6篇 |
综合类 | 89篇 |
自然地理 | 406篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 2篇 |
2023年 | 20篇 |
2022年 | 42篇 |
2021年 | 49篇 |
2020年 | 41篇 |
2019年 | 54篇 |
2018年 | 29篇 |
2017年 | 42篇 |
2016年 | 35篇 |
2015年 | 51篇 |
2014年 | 52篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 64篇 |
2011年 | 64篇 |
2010年 | 42篇 |
2009年 | 56篇 |
2008年 | 57篇 |
2007年 | 66篇 |
2006年 | 68篇 |
2005年 | 60篇 |
2004年 | 46篇 |
2003年 | 37篇 |
2002年 | 43篇 |
2001年 | 37篇 |
2000年 | 42篇 |
1999年 | 34篇 |
1998年 | 32篇 |
1997年 | 27篇 |
1996年 | 15篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 13篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 4篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 3篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 1篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有1340条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
M. L.?SerreEmail author G.?Christakos H.?Li C. T.?Miller 《Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment (SERRA)》2003,17(6):354-369
In most real-world hydrogeologic situations, natural heterogeneity and measurement errors introduce major sources of uncertainty in the solution of the inverse problem. The Bayesian Maximum Entropy (BME) method of modern geostatistics offers an efficient solution to the inverse problem by first assimilating various physical knowledge bases (hydrologic laws, water table elevation data, uncertain hydraulic resistivity measurements, etc.) and then producing robust estimates of the subsurface variables across space. We present specific methods for implementing the BME conceptual framework to solve an inverse problem involving Darcys law for subsurface flow. We illustrate one of these methods in the case of a synthetic one-dimensional case study concerned with the estimation of hydraulic resistivity conditioned on soft data and hydraulic head measurements. The BME framework processes the physical knowledge contained in Darcys law and generates accurate estimates of hydraulic resistivity across space. The optimal distribution of hard and soft data needed to minimize the associated estimation error at a specified sampling cost is determined.
This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Grant no. 5 P42 ES05948 and P30ES10126), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant no. 60-00RFQ041), the Army Research Office (Grant no. DAAG55-98-1-0289), and the National Science Foundation under Agreement No. DMS-0112069. 相似文献
63.
关于当前铀矿地质工作的几点思考 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:7
本根据我国能源发展对铀资源的需求形势,在铀矿勘查战略、重点地区铀矿勘查、铀资源潜力评价、铀矿地质科研等方面作了思考,提出工作建议,并强调了以人为本的管理理念。 相似文献
64.
韩华 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2006,17(1):63-68
多数情况下,评估的研究区缺乏多年积累的地下水位及开采量资料。因此,通常采用土力学模型,根据太沙基固结理论,进行地面沉降量预测。在地面沉降量计算中,土层变形参数值的选取直接影响计算结果的精确性。深层含水层埋深通常大于100m。通过现场勘探,采取土样进行岩土物理力学性质试验获取参数值,成本过于昂贵。通过参考区域土层物理力学性质资料,结合工程经验获取参数值,预测结果的精度得不到保证。针对上述情况,作者提出用非线性优化算法-进化策略算法,根据实测地面沉降量反演土层变形参数值。通过这种方法确定参数值,既节约成本,又保证了计算结果的可靠性。进化策略算法通过模拟生物遗传及进化过程,利用转移概率来帮助指导搜索。搜索结果不依赖于初始点的选择,对于求解全局最优解有很强的鲁棒性。作者将进化策略算法用于某一工程实例土层变形参数的反演,结果表明了该算法的可行性及稳健性,值得在工程实践中推广应用。 相似文献
65.
66.
The relaxed eddy accumulation (REA) method allows the measurement of trace gas fluxes when no fast sensors are available for eddy covariance measurements. The flux parameterisation used in REA is based on the assumption of scalar similarity, i.e., similarity of the turbulent exchange of two scalar quantities. In this study changes in scalar similarity between carbon dioxide, sonic temperature and water vapour were assessed using scalar correlation coefficients and spectral analysis. The influence on REA measurements was assessed by simulation. The evaluation is based on observations over grassland, irrigated cotton plantation and spruce forest.Scalar similarity between carbon dioxide, sonic temperature and water vapour showed a distinct diurnal pattern and change within the day. Poor scalar similarity was found to be linked to dissimilarities in the energy contained in the low frequency part of the turbulent spectra ( < 0.01 Hz).The simulations of REA showed significant change in b-factors throughout the diurnal course. The b-factor is part of the REA parameterisation scheme and describes a relation between the concentration difference and the vertical flux of a trace gas. The diurnal course of b-factors for carbon dioxide, sonic temperature and water vapour matched well. Relative flux errors induced in REA by varying scalar similarity were generally below ± 10%. Systematic underestimation of the flux of up to − 40% was found for the use of REA applying a hyperbolic deadband (HREA). This underestimation was related to poor scalar similarity between the scalar of interest and the scalar used as proxy for the deadband definition. 相似文献
67.
通过2007年5—6月期间测量成都市若干条剖面上大气可吸入颗粒物(PM10)中的汞含量,来推测成都市大气中汞的来源。结果表明:在12个点的测量范围内,成都市PM10的质量平均浓度为210.8μg/m^3;PM10中汞的质量平均浓度为0.36ng/m^3。公园和郊区PM10浓度和其中汞浓度均较少,可能与植被茂盛有关。由PM10中汞的分布可知,在热电厂、停用的生活垃圾堆放场和寺庙附近出现最高值。说明热电厂和生活垃圾堆放场是大气汞污染的重要次生来源。寺庙附近出现的高汞值,推测与寺庙的礼仪活动如香烛燃烧有关。 相似文献
68.
69.
Differences in trace metal concentrations among fluvial morphologic units and implications for sampling 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This study examines the segregation of trace metals within and between fluvial morphologic units in sand-sized and finer
bed sediments in a cobble bed stream. The types of fluvial morphologic units sampled are low gradient riffles, high gradient
riffles, glides, eddy drop zones, lateral scour pools, attached bars, and detached bars. Three to nine samples were collected
from ten of each type of morphologic unit. All 12 metals show significantly different concentrations between some morphologic
units in sediments smaller than 2 mm. Eddy drop zones and attached bars consistently have the highest metal concentrations,
while low gradient riffles, high gradient riffles, and glides typically have the lowest concentrations. Metals showing the
greatest between-unit variability are Al, Cr, Fe, Cu, and Ti, followed by Co, Mn, and Pb, while Mg, Mn, V, and Zn display
relatively few differences between units. Lateral and longitudinal variations of metals within units are not significant,
and there was no consistent, predictable variation in metal concentrations with distance downstream. Results indicate that
metal studies in other gravel- and cobble-bed streams should include a reconnaissance survey to determine variations between
morphologic units, stratify sampling by morphologic unit, and analyze spatial autocorrelation to determine sample spacing.
Received: October 1997 · Accepted: 23 March 1998 相似文献
70.
Jonathan Reynolds 《GeoJournal》1998,45(4):245-254
The internationalising activities of retailers have tended to precede the theoretical contributions of academics. This is
particularly the case for the cultural context within which retail internationalisation takes place. Following an examination
of the growth of international retailing activity, the article reviews generic difficulties in studying inter-cultural differences
before considering the specific steps which retail practitioners have taken to understand the comparative characteristics
of retail and consumer markets through the growth of geodemographic and lifestyle analysis. Finally, we relate one of the
most significant integrative intercultural theoretical instruments to the case of retail internationalisation within Western
Europe. We find that significant insights into retailer behaviour and strategy can be gained from an understanding of the
culturally-specific characteristics of the activity.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献