The developmental characteristics and strategic ideas of urbanization in China

Since cities and towns are places where those nonagricultural industries are centralized, urbanization is greatly interrelated with industrialization and de-agriculturalization. By means of this kind of interrelationship, Chinese urbanization level may be estimated with the formulas: P1=I1/I0/u0, Pr = N1/N0/u0. The urbanization after the founding of the People's Republic of China can be divided into the following 5 stages: the stage at the out set of industrialization (1949-1957); the high-speed urbanization stage (1958-1960); the first counter-urbanization stage (1961-1965); the second counter-urbanization stage (1966-1976); and the high-speed urbanization stage (1978-now). The characteristics of Chinese urbanization are: the industrialization launched by the government; the simultaneous development of urbanization of cities and urbanization of rural areas; the quite low capability of urbanization to absorb nonagricultural labor force; the incoordinate development of cities, etc. Before establishing a     

长株潭旅游一体化研究

依托长株潭经济一体化,推行旅游一体化,将3市联合起来,把旅游经济做大、做强,形成一个增长极,带动全省旅游经济的腾飞,这是湖南旅游经济发展的必然趋势与选择.文中探讨了长株潭旅游一体化的基本内涵,并在客观分析3市旅游资源优势和旅游业发展现状的基础上,提出了3市旅游一体化的发展战略.     

21世纪初期河南省基础地质研究方向与成功战略

20世纪河南省基础地质研究经历三个阶段。第一阶段50年,随矿产调查进行。第二阶段30年,随矿产勘查和1∶20万区调开展。第三阶段20年,随1∶5万区调、矿产勘查、专题与综合研究广泛展开。为谋求21世纪初期河南省基础地质较快发展,作者认为应有新的指导思想、研究方法和服务方向,并提出知识创新、人才培养和经费保障三项成功战略。     

广西邕江流域早全新世贝丘遗址的生业形态和定居模式分析: 来自植物遗存的综合证据

河旁贝丘遗址是广西新石器时代早中期的一种重要文化遗址类型,目前对其生业状态和定居模式的研究还相对薄弱。本研究使用综合性植物考古学研究方法,对邕江流域豹子头、石船头和那北咀这3个河旁贝丘遗址进行了大遗存分析、薄壁组织（parenchyma）遗存分析、炭屑分析以及淀粉粒和植硅体等微体遗存分析。本研究的分析结果与以往的研究成果表明,邕江流域河旁贝丘群体的食谱范围非常广泛,且包含了多种回报率档次差异极大的食物资源,其生业模式应为广谱采集。磨石、陶器、炭化食物遗存的发现以及对棕榈的强化利用行为,表明贝丘群体已经具备改造环境、提高多种食物资源回报率的能力,但是对植物资源的强化利用程度仍然较为初级。贝丘群体掌握了新的食物收获和处理技术,并且可能意识到某些资源的可预测性,这为贝丘群体降低流动意愿乃至定居下来提供了基础条件。贝丘遗址可能是作为采食群体定期或季节性的定居点,以便于采集坚果、棕榈、块茎和贝类等资源,而非作为永久性的定居居址。

     

Foraging strategy of little auks under divergent conditions on feeding grounds

A dual foraging strategy (long versus short trips) has been described for some species of seabirds, such as petrels, albatrosses (Procellariiformes) and penguins (Sphenisciphormes). Such a strategy has recently been reported for little auks ( Alle alle ) from the central coast of west Spitsbergen, Svalbard. This has been explained as a response to poor trophic conditions close to the breeding colony, and better conditions further away (150 km). In the present study, we investigated the foraging strategy of little auks in Hornsund, southern Spitsbergen, during two seasons with contrasting oceanographic conditions. During 2004, foraging conditions for little auks were good: cold Arctic waters rich in profitable high-energy food were dominant in their feeding grounds. Conversely, during 2006 there was a great influx of warm Atlantic water in the feeding area, inducing poor foraging conditions. In both seasons we examined the pattern of foraging trip lengths automatically with a video camera (both adults from four nests in each year), and by direct non-stop observation of 20–54 individually marked birds. Our results showed that the dual strategy and the ratio of short and long trips were consistent, regardless of the conditions in the feeding grounds. This suggests that the strategy is inherent and may be crucial for the self-maintenance of adults.     

甘孜州天然林禁伐的影响与区域持续发展对策

森林采伐向来是甘孜州经济的重大支柱，对地方财政收入的贡献率达58．63％（1997年）。天然林禁伐影响巨大而广泛，既使经济产出与财政收入锐减，又导致一系列相关 产业萎缩，劳动就业压力增大，研究指出，选择新经济增长点与生长点产业大力加以培育发展迫在眉睫。其中，以加大财政转移支付力度加强基础设施建设、加强绿色产品与绿色食品发展以及天然药物开发，大力发展旅游业和流通产业等应是正确选择。     

韩国南极国家行动:动因、举措及策略

南极地区位于地球的最南端,其独特的地理位置和自然环境一方面推迟了人类对其争夺和改造,另一方面也积累和形成了特殊的资源储量和战略价值。在物质资源日益匮乏的今天,南极作为尚待开发的新边疆,其战略意义日渐突显。韩国在南极有着广泛而特殊的利益,为了实现这些利益,改变后发参与的不利局面,韩国在南极科研、政治、经济等领域采取了诸多积极举措,并且形成了一套灵活务实的策略。随着国内外形势的发展,韩国未来将制定正式的南极政策文件,在原有实践基础上加大参与力度,并充分发挥企业的支援作用,实现国内优势向国家能力的转换,从而更好地推进其南极战略。     

西藏地质环境问题及保护对策

作为青藏高原主体的西藏自治区,地质环境极为复杂,地质灾害相当严重,在一些地段地质灾害严重影响了人们正常的生产生活。因此,加强地质环境保护,为人们创造尽可能好的生产和生活空间,是各级政府义不容辞的责任。本文首先对西藏自治区的地质环境特征作了系统地分析,并对西藏地质环境保护及管理现状作了客观评述,在此基础上指出了西藏地质环境保护中存在的主要问题。最后提出了西藏地质环境保护的对策及建议。     

应对全球气候变化的低碳农业发展战略与技术对策研究——首届海峡两岸低碳农业发展战略与技术对策研讨会综述

首届海峡两岸低碳农业发展战略与技术对策研讨会于2010年6月在福州市召开.会议总结了近年来两岸在农业应对气候变化方面的战略研究、固碳增汇模式与关键技术、废弃资源利用与节能减排、微生物资源开发与应用技术等方面的成果和进展,并提出了新时期两岸低碳农业发展的战略与技术对策.