The political economy and geopolitical context of India's economic crisis, 1990–91

The Indian economy suffered a balance of payment crisis in 1991, which provided the context for the rolling out of neoliberal policies, also referred to as the New Economic Policy in India. This paper examines the national and global causes and context of India's economic crisis and adoption of neoliberal policies. While grounding my analysis in historical‐geographical materialism, I argue that India's economic crisis was a product of certain contingent conditions. I draw attention to India's pre‐neoliberal economic regime and analyse how the earlier‐established relationship between revenue generation and expenditure ran into trouble; what changes occurred in the organization and management of revenues and capital; nature of interventions of the state in the circulation of capital; changes in the physical aspects of circulation of commodities, together with foreign trade and the formation of the ‘world market’; and the rise of the United States as the only global superpower. I conclude that India's economic crisis of 1990–91, and the neoliberal policies that followed, are products of contingent historical and geographical conditions. A teleological approach towards examining global capitalism and production of economic crisis often neglect such contingencies and provide a set of causalities that may, at best, be classified as incomplete.     

Research on the Seismic-Geological Conditions for a Large Transformer Substation——A Case Study in the Shimian Region, Sichuan Province

A seismic-geological disaster can obviously affect an engineering site in three aspects:the first is ground faulting caused by the earthquake;the second is strong ground motion;the third is geological disasters such as landslides,mud-rock flows and liquefaction.Through the case study of selection of the huge transformer substation in the Shimian region of Sichuan Province,this paper proposes that the activity pattern and spatial distribution of faults near the site are crucial factors for evaluating the seismic-geological conditions for the location of huge transformer substations.     

对人文科学所遭受抨击的回应

长期以来,不少人站在功利角度,对人文科学进行了颇多抨击。本文意欲对此做出有理有据的反击。首先,文章概述了人文科学在政界、民间和实践领域所遭受的非议,并寻找出主要的批评者及其拥护者。其次,作为申辩内容的一部分,本文详细阐述了人文学科的核心优势。这些优势涵盖了哲学和实用科学领域,包括为知识创造提供批判性视角,使生活丰富多彩,培养应对未来不确定性和复杂性的技能,以及增强理性和维持大学机构的收入和信誉度。最后,本文提出人文学者不仅要开展相关学科里非常重要的理论和实证研究,还必须将捍卫和保护人文科学纳入到专业活动中来。     

扩散性危机影响下公众心理韧性空间特征初探

当前危机管理研究多从公共管理、社会学和心理学等角度揭示恐慌发生的规律,鲜有研究揭示其地理时空特征。因此,从地理学的视角出发,利用百度搜索指数,探索公众恐慌心理的基本空间结构和变动特征,并尝试捕捉心理韧性的空间影响因素。主要得到3点结论:①在当前互联网高度通达的背景下,危机信息传播速度极快,由此引发的恐慌情绪已无明显空间扩散过程,而是瞬时传播至全国范围,且未出现明显的信息盲区;②距危机发生地的距离显著影响公众心理韧性,随着距离的增加,公众面对危机的恐慌心理没有呈现出距离衰减的空间规律,也不完全符合"心理台风眼"假说,而是呈现出以疫情较严重的地区为多个中心的涟漪状起伏的圈层结构,恐慌波动指数(PR Index)在1.112～1.947变动;③公众恐慌心理对危机信息的韧性差异,受信息类型和空间距离交互影响,表现为紊流状的空间异质结构。建议未来危机信息管理需要重视政策措施的空间区划,根据与危机发生地的空间关系,来决定重点发布何种信息,从而最大效度地减少公众恐慌。     

网络伦理问题初探

信息时代到来 ,网络对人们的生活方式产生了深刻的影响。通过对网络社会、网络伦理的概念和现象的分析 ,尝试对当前存在的网络伦理危机和网络犯罪等问题进行初步的探讨。     

两种消毒剂对罗氏沼虾幼体的急性毒性试验

以半静水式试验法试验了碘伏制剂和TCCA（三氯异氰脲酸）两种消毒剂对罗氏沼虾各期幼体及仔虾的急性毒性。结果表明,不同发育期的蚤状幼体对消毒剂的耐受力不同。两种消毒剂对蚤状幼体的24hLC50、48hLC50和安全浓度分别为：碘伏制剂304×10-6～472×10-6、209×10-6～325×10-6、29．8×10-6～48．3×10-6,TCCA0．80×10-6～1．03×10-6、0．58×10-6～0．74×10-6、0．087×10-6～0．116×10-6;两种消毒剂对仔虾的24hLC50、48hLC50和安全浓度分别为：碘伏制剂499×10-6、355×10-6、53.6×10-6、TCCA1.19×10-6、0.84×10-6、0．124×10-6。在蚤状幼体阶段,ZⅪ对消毒剂的敏感性最大。     

Synthetic information prediction system for crisis mine based on GIS

Reserves of some kinds of the crisis mines will be lack now or from now on, because of lacking seriously reserves of mineral resources and the crisis of exploring bases in support. So that it is urgent to predict, appraise, development and utilize the replaceable resources of the crisis mines. The mineral resources prediction software system of synthetic information is intelligent GIS which is used to quantitative prediction of large-scale synthetic information mineral target. It takes the geological body and the mineral resource body as a unit. And it analyzes the ore deposit genesis and metallotect, knows the spatial distribution laws of the ore deposit and ore body, and establish the prospecting modelbased on the concept of establishing the three-dimensional space of a mine. This paper will primarily discuss some important problems as follows： the secondary development of various kinds of data（ including geology, geophysical prospecting, geochemical prospecting and remote sensing, etc）; process synthetically and establish the synthetic information interpretative map base; correspond prospecting model with synthetic information of ore deposit; divided into statistical units of metallogenic information synthetic anomalies based on the synthetic information anomalies of ore control, then research the metallogenic information variable of unit synthetically and make quantitative prediction according to choose the quantitative prediction math model which is suitable to the demands of large-scale precision; at last, finish the target area optimization of ore deposit （body）.     

当前经济形势与大学生就业核心竞争力的培养

立足当前经济环境,分析了毕业生就业面临的机遇和挑战,提出从优化人文素质、强化人格培养,调整培养机制、优化知识结构,强化创业教育、增强创新品质和加强职业规划、整合就业资源等方面提升毕业生就业核心竞争力。     

中国金融抑制水平测度及时空动态演变特征

以2001~2015年中国30个省级面板数据为研究样本,借鉴现有研究成果测算区域性金融抑制水平,运用核密度和动态度分析其时空演化规律,通过GIS技术采用四分位数分类方法展现其演化过程。研究表明：① 经济危机对区域金融抑制水平具有正向冲击作用,被冲击区域主要是经济相对不发达地区;经济危机时期的区域金融抑制水平存在一定的“马太效应”。② 经济危机过后,政府政策使得各地金融发展水平逐渐恢复,金融抑制水平逐渐缓解;然而政府对金融发展的政策性支持具有局限性,降低金融抑制水平需逐步提高金融市场化程度,依靠市场促进金融发展。③ 依据经济危机前后金融抑制水平变化对比,尝试性提出金融抑制水平可作为宏观经济运行趋势的风向标。