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51.
Richard Yarwood 《Geoforum》2010,41(2):257-270
This paper considers the role of the emergency services in society and, in particular, their role in controlling, mitigating and resolving risk. Using a network approach, Mountain Rescue Teams are studied in order to examine how people, agencies, animals, technology and knowledge are deployed to resolve emergencies. The paper traces the changing nature of risk in rural places and the impact of state regulation on the deployment, spatialities and practices of the emergency services. In doing so, it argues that greater attention should be paid to the emergency services by geographers. 相似文献
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The urban transition almost always involves wrenching social adjustment as small agricultural communities are forced to adjust rapidly to industrial ways of life. Large-scale in-migration of young people, usually from poor regions, creates enormous demand and expectations for community and social services. One immediate problem planners face in approaching this challenge is how to define, differentiate, and map what is rural, urban, and transitional (i.e., peri-urban). This project established an urban classification for Vietnam by using national census and remote sensing data to identify and map the smallest administrative units for which data are collected as rural, peri-urban, urban, or urban core. We used both natural and human factors in the quantitative model: income from agriculture, land under agriculture and forests, houses with modern sanitation, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Model results suggest that in 2006, 71% of Vietnam's 10,891 communes were rural, 18% peri-urban, 3% urban, and 4% urban core. Of the communes our model classified as peri-urban, 61% were classified by the Vietnamese government as rural. More than 7% of Vietnam's land area can be classified as peri-urban and approximately 13% of its population (more than 11 million people) lives in peri-urban areas. We identified and mapped three types of peri-urban places: communes in the periphery of large towns and cities; communes along highways; and communes associated with provincial administration or home to industrial, energy, or natural resources projects (e.g., mining). We validated this classification based on ground observations, analyses of multi-temporal night-time lights data, and an examination of road networks. The model provides a method for rapidly assessing the rural–urban nature of places to assist planners in identifying rural areas undergoing rapid change with accompanying needs for investments in building, sanitation, road infrastructure, and government institutions. 相似文献
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Even with substantially increased attention to climate adaptation in developing countries in recent years, there are a number of important remaining research needs: better incorporating stakeholder input; using replicable methodologies to provide comparability across different settings; assuring that stakeholder input reflects the results of climate science, not simply perceptions; and effectively linking stakeholder input with the regional and national levels at which policy changes are made. This study reports the results of a methodology for identifying and prioritizing local, stakeholder-driven response options to climate change in agriculture. The approach is based on multi-criteria scoring methods previously applied to research planning and priority-setting in agricultural and natural resource management research, public health, and other areas. The methodology is a sequential approach built around needs assessments by local stakeholders; the incorporation of climate science results; the sharing of these results and climate adaption response options with stakeholders at a series of workshops; stakeholder priority-setting exercises using multi-criteria scoring; and validation with policymakers. The application is to three diverse agroecosystems in Mexico, Peru and Uruguay. Among the many findings is that, notwithstanding the wide diversity of agro-ecosystems, there are numerous similarities in the agricultural adaptation responses prioritized by local stakeholders. 相似文献
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在安徽省提出推进美好乡村建设的背景下,界定了农村土地整治与美好乡村建设耦合联动的内涵、实质和系统,探讨了安徽省池州市农村土地整治与美好乡村建设耦合联动内容,探索了农村土地整治与美好乡村建设耦合联动保障机制。研究表明,农村土地整治是推进美好乡村建设的有力抓手,而建设美好乡村则是实施农村土地整治的重要目标,且二者通过农地整治系统、农村建设用地整治系统和农村土地生态环境整治系统耦合联动。二者耦合联动的内容包括:推进农地整治工程,建设生产发展的美好乡村;推进农村建设用地整治工程,建设生活宜居的美好乡村;推进农村土地生态环境整治工程,建设生态文明的美好乡村。要实现农村土地整治与美好乡村建设耦合联动需要通过构建以下机制:规划协调保障机制、创新融资保障机制、农民权益保障机制、技术支撑保障机制和制度创新保障机制。 相似文献
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在中央提出推进新型城镇化和实施农村土地制度改革试点的新形势下,如何适应客观实际、率先探索出大都市郊区土地综合改革新路并为全国其他地区改革提供参考借鉴,具有十分重要的现实意义。本文以上海市浦东新区为例,深入分析梳理大都市郊区农村土地开发利用和改革创新所面临的问题与主要瓶颈,在此基础上就如何深化农村土地制度综合改革的总体思路和具体措施提出有针对性和可操作性的对策建议。 相似文献
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论工业变化的综合研究:以澳大利亚制造业为例 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
80年代以来,国际工业地理学界采取不同的方法途径对工业变化进行研究。本文在分析这些方法的基础上,提出将工业组织变化与工业区域变化、工业结构变化加以结合,以弥补在工业区域和结构变化研究中忽视组织决策因素,在工业组织变化研究中忽视把区域作为一个整体。基于大量统计数据和本人实地调查资料,本文应用这种综合方法研究了70年代以来澳大利亚的工业变化。 相似文献
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A selection of application papers presented at the 2014 Applied Geography Conference in Atlanta, Georgia are included in this special issue of Applied Geography. The wide-ranging topics of the papers reflect the many directions Geography is applied to solve practical issues in our society. 相似文献