《金史·地理志》城市行政建制疏漏及补正研究

唐末五代以来,城市行政管理机构发生了重要变化,这就是金代明确出现的具有独立行政职能,但等级规模不同的城市行政管理机构警巡院、录事司和司候司.作为金代与县平行的城市行政管理机构,其官制在《金史·百官志》中具有明确记载,但与县平行的城市行政建置却被《金史·地理志》疏漏,这一问题值得学界研究并加以补正.     

莱芜市农村宅基地管理工作探析

农村宅基地面广量大,涉及广大农民的切身利益。莱芜市在探索实行宅基地有偿使用、实行宅基地跨村安置、推进集中居住区建设等方面做了有益探索,并对宅基地管理过程中存在的有关规定与发展不适应,审批、管理程序繁琐,地方性创新政策落实难等问题,提出合理化建议,以期对推进农村宅基地管理制度改革提供借鉴。     

基于Oracle 9i和ArcSDE的城市基础地理数据库配置研究

在城市地理信息系统中,数据库是其核心组成部分,而数据库的配置是否合理则又直接影响到数据库建成后的性能及应用。本文以赣州市基础地理数据库为例探讨基于Oracle 9i和ArcSDE的城市基础地理数据库配置问题。     

Fluoride,nitrate and water hardness in groundwater supplied to the rural communities of Ensenada County,Baja California,Mexico

The hydrogeochemistry of 26 wells belonging to ten different aquifers in the county of Ensenada, Baja California, is studied. These wells are all used to supply the rural communities in the region, which comprise ~37,000 inhabitants, excluding the city of Ensenada. High total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations (maximum 7.35 g l⁻¹) indicate that salt is a ubiquitous contaminant in the aquifers due to seawater intrusion. The aquifers that support extensive agriculture activities (Maneadero, San Quintín, San Simón and El Rosario) are characterized by higher N–NO₃ concentrations (maximum 20 mg l⁻¹) derived from fertilizers. Fluoride concentrations exceed the 1.5 mg l⁻¹ Mexican official limit in only four wells. The enrichments of F⁻ in the southern aquifers are thought to be associated to water–rock interactions controlled mainly by Na–Ca equilibrium reactions with fluorite, as suggested from high dissolved Na concentrations in these waters. In the northern aquifer of Maneadero, no enrichment of Na is found and a geothermal source for F⁻ is likely. Water is hard to moderately hard, with Ca/Mg ratios >1. Although drinking water directly from the tap is not a common practice in these localities, most sources have concentrations of major ions and TDS that exceed the Mexican official limits.     

变化发展中的中国人文与经济地理学

学科方向与研究领域的确定是学科发展的灵魂。人文与经济地理学是研究领域乃至研究方向均处于变化中的学科,重新认识人文与经济地理学的研究领域与学科方向至关重要。通过梳理几十年来中国人文与经济地理学主要分支学科发展阶段,总结了人文与经济地理学对转型发展社会背景的响应,一方面要坚持学科交叉的性质,以“人-地系统”为理论方向和走理论与实践相结合的道路,另一方面人文与经济地理学者要以新的心态、新的视野,来思考未来发展的重点领域、发展理念以及理论与方法的创新。对长期以来学科涉及到的主要问题,战略性、咨询性、预测性甚至总结经验性（成果表现为发展学科理论）的工作将会逐渐增加,重要性将逐渐显现。阐述了信息化与社会空间经济组织、区域经济新格局与新型城镇化等重要研究领域的发展变化趋势,就“国际热点”与“国际前沿”、理论研究及理论与实践的关系等重要问题的研究理念以提出了新设想,并提出将“人文地理学”改称为“人文与经济地理学”的建议。     

从"四地"期刊载文审视中国农业与乡村地理学研究发展特征

基于中国学术期刊出版总库所提供的《地理学报》《地理科学》《地理研究》《地理科学进展》（简称“四地”期刊）创刊以来至2020年12月间的农业与乡村地理学论文数据,采用Citespace可视化科学文献计量方法,对566篇文献的主题、引文和关键词等特征进行可视化分析。系统梳理了农业与乡村地理学术论文所反映的主题脉络、知识演进、历史热点、研究机构发展和发文作者分析。这些分析充分体现出了中国农业与乡村地理学研究的发展历程、目前的主要研究议题与未来的发展趋势。研究结果显示,农业地理、聚落与古村落、土地利用及其发展模式、乡村居民点及其空间格局、城乡一体化、新农村建设、乡村重构、乡村振兴和城乡融合发展等主要研究议题是不同时期的研究聚焦点。从研究热度看大致经历了由以农业地理研究为主,转向农业地理与乡村聚落地理并驾齐驱,再到城乡融合与乡村振兴研究3个阶段。其研究发展过程呈现出3大转向：① 由单一的农业地理和乡村聚落地理转向综合的农业与乡村地理学研究;② 从单一的农业生产要素、社会经济要素格局研究转向区域城乡人地系统融合的过程、机制和影响研究;③ 由传统的调研统计、田野观测、数字模拟技术方法转向大数据、多源时空监测模拟和农业地理工程实践。乡村转型-城乡融合-乡村振兴-高质量发展将成为未来城乡发展的大逻辑、新常态,也是未来农业与乡村地理学研究的重点和方向。主要研究议题方面有乡村地域类型、乡村功能转型、乡村空间重构、乡村聚落重构、乡村人居环境质量、乡村发展的新因素及其作用机制、乡村弹性与可持续性发展、乡村产业结构调整与升级、城乡基础设施与服务统筹规划建设等。学科发展应注重综合研究,深化对农业与乡村发展新驱动力的认识,切实加强乡村地理学研究的理论与方法创新,借以更好地服务于国家乡村振兴战略。     

The GIS and analysis of earthquake damage distribution of the 1303 Hongtong M=8 earthquake

Introduction The 1303 Hongtong earthquake is an important earthquake in the eastern China. There is a lot of information in historical documents about the earthquake and many traces destroyed by the earthquake in the southern Shanxi Province. Many scholars have studied the earthquake from dif-ferent aspects, but mainly limited the definitions of the isoseismal and three factors of the earth-quake. Owing to being limited by the analysis technique, many useful damage information of the earthqu…     

自然的社会建构：西方人文地理学对自然的再认识

自然的社会建构作为西方人文地理学界对自然的再思考,渐成为理解自然与社会互动的重要理论框架,并逐步成为推动人地和谐、可持续发展研究的新范式。通过梳理自然的社会建构研究理论源起并对西方涉及自然的社会建构的研究文献进行全面梳理发现,自然的社会建构并非单纯指基于建构主义视角考察自然的知识生产或价值与意义,还应该关注自然被生产与形构的商品化过程。现有议题主要聚焦于政治与自然、商品化与自然、社会情感与自然以及日常生活与自然四大方面。在此基础上,进一步提出了国内未来研究需要关注的重要方向。     

Domesticating home anchored work: Negotiating flexibility when bringing ICT based work home in rural communities

Based on a study of people conducting ICT based work from home in Scotland and Norway, the article analyses how work is negotiated and integrated with non-paid activities in the household and local community. The article fills a gap in that it focuses on rural contexts rather than the urban work life often depicted in literature on flexibility and work. When work is brought home, a domestication process takes place whereby practices of work are negotiated and integrated into everyday life, sometimes changing common perceptions of where and when work is “in” or “out of place”. While working from home is common in rural areas, the study shows that ICT based knowledge related work is still seen as relatively “out of place”. Drawing on the domestication concept, the study shows how community norms about accessibility, interaction and where to be at certain times, had to be renegotiated when this type of work was conducted from home. Imbued in these negotiations were subtly often tacitly communicated moral conceptions on what constitutes good parenthood (in particular motherhood) as well as “real” work. Both men and women reported benefits in terms of combining family and work obligations when working from home, but the tendency was still for traditional gender patterns to be reproduced. Women tended to fit work around the needs of the children, whereas men saw themselves first and foremost workers. Following the concept “doing gender” some challenged these patterns, but did so carefully in relation to the work organisation as well as the community. The impact of communities in regulating home anchored work suggests there may be a need for communities to take on a more active domestication process as more people conduct ICT based work with the home as the base, opening up the moral and normative geographies for when work is “in” or “out of place”.     

Geography in interdisciplinarity: Towards a third conversation

The ‘era of interdisciplinarity’ heralds collaborative inquiry as effective for addressing complex issues at the nexus of disciplinary interests. Geographers have long argued that they are particularly well-suited to contribute to interdisciplinary endeavors because of the breadth and depth that the discipline enfolds. However, within the literature about geography and interdisciplinarity, we find only two rather limiting conversations. The first conversation is concerned with the role(s) and position of geography within academia and focuses on what geographers can do to distinguish themselves while also improving their interactions with scholars from other disciplines. The second conversation largely revolves around how best to conduct interdisciplinarity ‘in the lab and classroom’ and focuses on practical issues associated with making collaborative research operate smoothly for multiple, disciplinary participants. We propose opening up intellectual space for a third conversation about the benefits, challenges and contributions of individual disciplines in interdisciplinary environments. Using survey data, we analyze how geography was perceived by collaborators from various disciplines in an interdisciplinary Urban Ecology program at the University of Washington. We offer this pilot study as a heuristic for others wishing to perform similar small-scale reflexive exercises and advance this “third conversation”.