Role of piles in mitigating the movement of pipes in soft grounds during embankment loading

Abstract

Pipes buried in soft ground can be damaged due to the vertical and lateral movement of the ground during the construction of the embankment. To investigate such a movement of the soft ground, full-scale tests using embankment piles and stabilizing piles were conducted for 70?days. A pile-supported embankment has been used to reduce the deformation of soft ground by transferring the embankment load through piles to the firm layer below the soft ground, whereas stabilizing piles have been employed to resist the lateral earth pressure that is induced in soft ground by embankment loads. The Coupling Area (CA), which was defined as the quantitative index to determine the resistance effect of both settlement and lateral flow of the soft ground when the embankment was reinforced, is adapted. The analysis results of the CA indicate that the piled embankment was more effective for preventing the damage to buried pipe installed near the embankment, while the stabilizing piles had almost the same effect as the piled embankment when the pipe was buried far away from the embankment.     

南海神狐水合物钻探区不同形态流体地震反射特征与水合物产出的关系

天然气水合物的分布在很大程度上受到含气流体运移的影响。南海北部陆坡区,尤其是珠江口盆地的白云凹陷,普遍存在流体渗漏的现象,暗示了水合物赋存的良好前景。神狐海域水合物钻探区内的高分辨率地震资料显示,区域内发育大量流体运移通道,在地震剖面上表现为不同形态的地震反射模糊带,根据其形态特征,可以划分为花冠状和穹顶状两大类模糊反射带。模糊反射带的存在意味着研究区内具有良好的含气流体运移条件,能够为甲烷气体的垂向运移提供通道。神狐海域水合物的钻探结果表明,水合物的分布与模糊反射带的分布范围具有良好的空间匹配关系,其中,花冠状地震反射模糊带侧翼部与中尺度正断层相连,促进了含气流体的侧向运移,顶部与可能的微裂隙相通,气体可向上运移至水合物稳定带,形成了水合物藏;而穹顶状地震反射模糊带顶部则通过疑似流体通道与海底沟通,这种结构极易形成气体逃逸而无法形成水合物。因此,不同形态特征的模糊反射带可能对水合物的分布具有一定的指示意义。     

高分辨率WRF三维变分同化在北京地区降水预报中的应用

为迎接2008年北京奥运会,改进北京地区的天气预报,建立了一个基于三重嵌套区域(27/9/3 km)的WRF三维变分同化(WRFVar)和WRF模式的高分辨率快速更新循环同化预报(Rapid-Up-date Cycle)系统,并针对2006年8月1日发生在北京地区的强对流天气进行了一系列数值试验,结果表明:高分辨率的快速更新循环系统很好地预报出了此次强降水过程;在WRF三维变分同化里调节背景场误差和观测误差,提高了降水预报的效果;插值得出的3 km背景场误差可以作为一个合理的近似在3 km分辨率的WRFVar中使用,用户可以不必积累高分辨率的预报场去计算背景场误差,从而节省大量计算资源。3 h频次的RUC已经能满足预报要求,更高频次(1 h)的RUC并没有导致预报的进一步提高。     

雄安新区雾迷山组岩溶热储成储机制及发育模式

雄安新区雾迷山组地热资源丰富,研究其岩溶热储特征及其形成机理对于雄安新区清洁地热资源的开发利用具有重要的理论意义和实用价值。前人已经对该区雾迷山组油气储集层的分布、古岩溶、成岩作用、储集空间等特征做过一定的研究,但对于该区雾迷山组地热资源的成储机制、特别是3期岩溶等成岩特征尚缺乏系统性的研究。充分利用野外露头、岩心、薄片和测录井等地质及地球物理资料,并结合区域地质背景的分析,对雄安新区雾迷山组的岩石学特征、成岩作用、岩溶热储的成储机制进行了深入研究,并建立了雄安新区雾迷山组岩溶热储的发育模式。结果表明：(1)雄安新区雾迷山组主要岩性为白云岩,主要的储集空间为次生孔隙和构造缝—构造溶蚀缝,热储孔渗变化较大;(2)雄安新区最主要的建设性成岩作用是3种溶蚀作用,包括同生—准同生溶蚀、表生溶蚀和埋藏溶蚀,主要破坏性成岩作用是压实作用和胶结作用;(3)根据构造演化、岩心及测井资料,将表生溶蚀作用划分为3期,分别是芹峪期、印支期和燕山—喜山期。芹峪期雾迷山组局部出露遭受淋滤,形成的溶孔经后期改造后不易识别;印支期大部分区域抬升并遭受淋滤,形成高孔渗储集层,后期遭受了进一步改造;燕山—喜山期是雄安新...     

思茅坳陷油气地质特征与勘探前景

思茅坳陷存在古生界和中一新生界两套沉积盖层,具有多套生储盖组合。以二叠系、三叠系为主力烃源岩,储层低孔低渗,侏罗系一白垩系“红层”组成区域盖层。思茅坳陷气水同喷、原油显示表明,该区海相地层仍有油气勘探前景,以存在K3-N区域盖层、断裂改造较弱、源岩成熟度较低、构造发育的英德一景谷、勐腊一勐满含油气保存单元为首选靶区,具有一定勘探前景。     

长春高新技术产业开发区绿地景观生态规划

开发区作为中国工业化和城市化快速推进的主要增长极和载体,承受着城市经济和城市建设带来的巨大环境压力。结合长春高新技术产业开发区绿地建设现状,指出绿地数量少且分布不均,城市建设大量挤占绿化用地,绿地布局结构和网络体系不够完善,绿地建设特色不突出是开发区绿地系统存在的问题。在此基础上,确定了到2020年开发区绿地率为45%,人均绿地面积为35.97m²,人均公共绿地面积为29.24 m²等绿地规划总体控制指标;提出了点、线、面相结合的"一环、两带、流绿、线网、多园"的环网式的绿地系统空间模式;从基质、廊道、斑块等景观生态要素规划了不同尺度绿地系统建设思路。     

Decumbent development: Urban sprawl in the Guwahati Metropolitan Area,India

Urban sprawl has become a global phenomenon as an outcome of growing population and rapid urbanization. Previous studies have addressed the rising incidence of uncontrollable urban development, particularly in peri-urban areas of cities, leading to chronic urban sprawl. The city of Guwahati, a million city in north east India, has expanded significantly in recent years. In this article, the links between population and growth of built-up areas were examined using geo-spatial techniques and remotely sensed datasets. The results indicate that the sprawl has accentuated in recent years. The intensity of land use remained uneven due to marked variations in the distribution of built-up areas, plausibly an outcome of unplanned urban growth. If current trends are anything to go by, future urban sprawl could pose serious threats to the vulnerable eco-sensitive and peri-urban areas of Guwahati. Secondary cities have unfortunately received scant attention in urban policy research, and Guwahati, epitomizes urban woes in a developing country.     

准噶尔盆地滴南凸起-阜北斜坡区原油地球化学特征及来源

滴南凸起-阜北斜坡区位于准噶尔盆地中央隆起带东段,其周缘地区有多个生烃凹陷,发育四套烃源岩,具复杂的油源关系。为厘清该区中上侏罗统油源关系,利用多项地化指标进行油源对比,结果表明:A类原油具轻碳同位素,植烷优势明显,高伽马蜡烷指数,表现出了湖相母质输入的特点,与二叠系泥岩具良好亲缘关系;B类原油具重碳同位素,姥鲛烷优势,几乎不含伽马蜡烷等特征,反映了原油母质形成于强氧化的沉积环境,与侏罗系泥岩同源;C类原油各项指标介于以上两类原油之间,是二叠系与侏罗系烃源岩的混源。     

基于图像技术的胶州湾浮游动物优势种体型参数与生物量转换关系研究

利用ZooScan图像扫描技术,建立胶州湾浮游动物优势种中华哲水蚤和强壮箭虫体长、面积和体积与干重之间的回归关系.比较了不同季节、不同参数之间的差异.结果表明,不同月份的回归关系之间无显著差异,在三个体型参数中,面积拟合生物量的程度最好,是利用图像方法估算生物量最佳参数.中华哲水蚤和强壮箭虫体型-生物量转换关系可以分别表示为:lgDW=1.611gA+ 1.69,lgDW=1.541gA+l.32.