Seismic evaluation of existing nuclear facility using ambient vibration test to characterize dynamic behavior of the structure and microtremor measurements to characterize the soil: a case study

The methods used for a building seismic hazard evaluation are presented with the associated results. The goals of the study are (1) to check the soil nature and the existence or not of a possible site effect around the installation and (2) to characterize the dynamic behavior of the building using ambient vibration records.

The results of the soil study with the Nakamura method are very difficult to interpret because they are not stable in space and time. The spectral ratios method has been used with regional earthquake records. The results of the application of this method allowed us to conclude that the installation was free of site effect.

The ambient vibration measurements on the building brought the conclusion to determine the first and second modes of the structure. These results have been used to calibrate numerical model. The modal shapes in plan (high roof) and in elevation (main column) have been evaluated. The damping of the building has been computed using ambient vibration records.     

Bedrock structure in Adapazari, Turkey—a possible cause of severe damage by the 1999 Kociaeli earthquake

The 1999 Kocaeli earthquake brought serious damage to downtown of Adapazari. To study why strong motions were generated at the town, a bedrock structure was investigated on the basis of Bouguer gravity anomaly, and SPAC and H/V analyses of microseisms. It was revealed that, the basin consists of three narrow depressions of bedrock with very steep edges, extending in E–W or NE–SW directions along the North Anatolia faults, and the depth to bedrock reaches 1000 m or more. Downtown of Adapazari is located 1–2 km apart from the basin-edge. It is considered that, the specific configuration of bedrock amplifies ground motions at the downtown area by focusing of seismic waves and/or interference between incident S-waves and surface-waves secondarily generated at the basin-edge. Studying 3D bedrock structure is an urgent issue for microzoning an urban area in a sedimentary basin.     

水对断层摩擦滑动稳定性的影响

在不同含水条件下研究了光面、含脆性物质夹层和含延性物质夹层 3类断层的摩擦滑动行为 ,认为水对断层滑动稳定性和摩擦滑动的速度依赖性有重要影响。建立了含有岩性、围压 (深度 )和含水量 3因素的断层活动稳定性的模式 ,认为脆性断层更多地表现为速度弱化 ,少量水的存在易于出现黏滑 ,高孔隙压时会表现为稳滑 ;半脆性或半延性的断层在少量水或较低孔隙压的情况下会表现出速度弱化 ,也就可能出现黏滑 ,但孔隙压较高后 ,会表现出速度强化 ,滑动也就会是稳定的 ;延性断层多为速度强化 ,不出现黏滑。提出水的进入降低了系统的稳定性 ,水的存在增加了系统的稳定性。这是考虑水或一般流体对岩体或断层活动稳定性影响时需要考虑的两个方面     

考虑轴向变形、双轴弯曲耦合效应的钢筋混凝土柱的弹塑性分析

在实际地震作用下，高层，特别是高宽比较大的高层结构中，由于倾覆力矩的作用、柱子、特别是外边柱所受轴力的变化将不可忽略。轴向变形与双轴弯曲的耦合作用，将是柱子塑性变形的显著特征。基于材料本构关系的“纤维模型”，能较精确地反映轴向变形，双轴弯曲三者之间的耦合作用。一组钢筋混凝土柱子双轴压弯的计算结果与试验结果的比较，证明了“纤维模型”的有效性和精确性。     

Surface vibration due to a sequence of high speed moving harmonic rectangular loads

The transmission of vibrations over the surface of the ground, due to high-speed moving, vertical harmonic rectangular loads, is investigated theoretically. The problem is three-dimensional and the interior of the ground is modelled as an elastic half-space or a multilayered ground. The transformed solutions are obtained using the Fourier transform on the space variable. A new damping model in the spatial wavenumber domain, presented in Lefeuve-Mesgouez et al. [J. Sound. Vibr. 231 (2000) 1289] is used. Numerical results for the displacements on the surface are presented for loads moving with speeds up to and beyond the Rayleigh wave speed of the half-space.     

昆仑山口西8.1级地震的远程地下水动力学效应

对新疆北天山地区地下流体的动态观测资料进行分析 ,发现在 2 0 0 1年 11月 14日昆仑山口西 8.1级地震的震时和震后 ,多井水位、水温、流量出现大量异常变化 ,其特征主要表现为地震波的同震振动效应和震后阶跃变化。其中乌鲁木齐 10号井的地震波效应双振幅最大 ,为 185 mm,持续时间达 2个小时 ;0 4井水位阶跃上升幅度较大 ,为 0 .12 5 m,且具有不可逆特征。另外 ,对比了新疆及邻区 7级以上地震北天山地下水的震后效应 ,讨论了地下水远程效应与井震距离的关系以及阶跃异常的幅度等问题     

华北板内深部构造

华北板块的形成经历了早前寒武纪、燕山期及喜马拉雅期3个主要构造发展期，由于华北板块自身运动及所受应力场的作用，加之上地幔岩石圈的不均一性等因素，在中、新生代形成许多特殊的板内构造块。综合应用地质、地球物理和地球化学的成果，对华北板内深部结构进行了研究。从深部构造角度划分出6个金及金金属成矿带、4个金刚石成矿带，并对华北地区的地震及地热资源与新生事大陆裂谷的关系进行了探讨。     

PRELIMINARY NUMERICAL STUDY OF TOPOGRAPHIC EFFECTS OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU ON SURFACE DIRECT RADIATION

To improve the simulating ability of a model,this paper presents a scheme of calculatingdirect radiation at land surface with topography in the model.A numerical study is conducted forthe topographic effects of the Tibetan Plateau on the direct radiation using NCEP terrain data.Results show that,after taking account into the topographic radiation effect,the regional averageof the radiation over the Plateau obviously increases in the local early morning and late afternoon,but changes less around noon.The effect is stronger in winter than that in summer.Andheterogeneous topography has also affected the distribution of the radiation in this area.A simplenumerical experiment shows that considering the effect will lead ground temperature to increase onthe slope having more sunshine,and vice versa.     

区域可持续发展评价:进展与展望

可持续发展的评价是目前可持续发展研究的热点和前沿。当前评价可持续发展的单项指标和指标体系在指标与可持续性的关系、指标权重的选择、指标的定量化、可持续性的总体判别方法、资本替代性与替代速度、指标阈值的确定等方面具有不同的局限性 ,这也是可持续发展评价的主要难点。可持续发展的评价必然要落实到不同尺度的空间地理单元上 ,区域发展是评价的对象 ,因而可持续发展的评价必然具有显著的区域性 ,不同区域的评价指标或指标体系必然会有所不同。社会、经济与人口的发展是人类社会发展的主要目标 ,而发展的可持续性依赖于自然环境的质量 ,包括自然资源的再生或替代、生命支持系统与生物多样性的维持或改善。据此 ,论文构建了区域可持续发展评价的理论框架和发展——可持续性二维评价坐标体系 ,并提出了“自上而下”和“自下而上”的指标遴选方法。     

区域经济空间集中化的产业成因分析——兼析海南省经济空间集中化问题

经济空间集中化起因于产业经济活动在一定空间内聚集并形成大规模的专业化生产，它以区域城市为增长中心，与区域产业结构转变有着密切的关系。经济空间集中化过程大致可以划分为三个与区域产业结构转变有关的经济增长阶段：初级阶段——均衡低速增长；中级阶段——集中快速增长；高级阶段——稳定增长。