PROCESSING AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA FROM A SONOBUOY REFRACTION SEISMIC SECTION IN THE EAST CHINA SEA SHELF MARGINALRIDGE

INTRODUCTIONThemannerefraCtionseisAncmehodisirnP0Ftantf0rstudyofmarinecrustandregionalgeo1ogicalteCtonics.Mufauchi(1968),Leyden(l973),Ludwig(l973),JinXianglongetal.(l986)reportedsonobu0yreffoCtionseisAncrmurernentSintheEesandtheOkinawaTroughregion,studiedthetaltatarysequenceandthickness0fthebasernent,andcomPataltheveoCityugeoftheuppercrustallayers.beetal.(l98O)werethefustto0btainaMohodepthofl5kminthecentralaxisoftheOkinawaTroughbyusingtwo-shipreffoCtionseisAncrneh0ds.Usingl8ocanb…     

岩石单轴受力CT识别损伤本构关系的探讨

对岩石在单轴受力状态下的损伤扩展进行CT扫描，分别利用CT扫描和Lemaitre等效应变假设计算其损伤变量。损伤本构关系分析表明，Lemaitre等效应变假设采用不同形式损伤变量时，既有形式上的差异，又有其内在的联系。     

郭家岭型花岗岩地球化学特征与金矿化的关系

根据郭家岭花岗岩与成矿后岩脉的锆石ＳＨＲＩＭＰＵ－Ｐｂ年龄，金矿化被限定在１２６Ｍａ～１２０Ｍａ之间，结合岩体与金矿化密切的空间关系和岩石地球化学上的亲缘关系，认为招掖地区金矿化主要与郭家岭花岗岩有关，岩体高Ｎａ和Ｂａ，Ｓｒ是太古宙绿色岩区与金矿化有关花岗岩的一个明显的地球化学标志。     

地震体波的动力学辐射理论

本文利用弹性介质的动力学关系建立了地震体波辐射动力学理论，并给出了地震远场体波位移的多级展开式，然后，对零级辐射及一级辐射做了重点讨论，作为地震辐射场源的内外激发源具有明显的物理意义。     

油气化探中△C与烃类异常的相互配置关系

通过对△Ｃ（即后生碳酸盐）成因机理的分析，结合典型实例，对△Ｃ异常与烃类异常的相互配置关系及其与地下深处油气藏联系的研究，大量事实证明，△Ｃ异常并不总是与烃类异常一致的，只有当△Ｃ异常与烃类异常较一致时，△Ｃ异常才具有找油气藏的意义。     

灰关联分析与地震序列类型的早期识别

用灰关联分析方法研究主震Ｍｓ≥６．０级地震序列类型的早期识别，主要对第一个强震后２天内地震序列资料进行分析研究，发现１３次大震（Ｍｓ≥７．０）后１天和２天震型在关联识别正确率均为０．７７（表１）３６次强震（６．０≤Ｍｓ〈７．０）的均为０．８３（表２，表３）。由此表明，灰关联分析方法是早期识别地震序列类型的一种比较有效的方法。     

Threshold relations for the transport of sediment by overland flow on desert hillslopes

Although the Shields relation was developed for rivers, it has been applied to sediment transport by overland flow. According to the Shields relation, where the critical boundary Reynolds number Re_*c exceeds 40, the critical Shields number F_*c is independent of both Re_*c and the ratio of the critical flow depth to particle diameter d_c/D. Analyses of data collected from runoff plots in southern Arizona reveal that F_*c is positively correlated with both Re_*c and d_c/D. Thus the Shields relation does not apply to overland flow on debris-covered desert hillslopes. Multiple regression analysis is employed to develop alternative threshold relations in which critical boundary shear stress τ_c is related to D and d_c/D (R² = 0.782) and to D and S_c (critical gradient) (R² = 0.625). The computed R² values derive in large part from the spurious correlations of d_c/D and S_c with τ_c. Nevertheless, the relations may be utilized to predict τ_c. In this regard, the latter relation is likely to prove more useful than the former because S_c is generally known, whereas d_c is not. An investigation of the functional relation between τ_c and D reveals that τ_c varies approximately with D² for overland flow on the desert hillslopes under study, whereas the Shields relation predicts a linear relation (i.e. a D exponent of 1). This result is consistent with Cheng's data which show that F_*c varies with (d_c/D)^?1 where 0.4 < d_c/D < 2 and may be explained in terms of increased energy dissipation both in separation zones downslope of particles and in distortion of the water surface as d_c/D decreases. Consequently, larger values of τ_c, and hence F_*c, are required to initiate the transport of particles of a given size D as d_c decreases.     

Seismicity simulation with a rate- and state-dependent friction law

The dynamic motions and stabilities of a single-degree-of-freedom elastic system controlled by different friction laws are compared. The system consists of a sliding block connected to an elastic spring, driven at a constant velocity. The friction laws are a laboratory-inferred friction law called the rate-and-state-dependent friction law, proposed by Dieterich and Ruina, and a simple friction law described by dynamic and static frictions. We further extend the solution to a one-dimensional mass-spring model which is an analog of a fault controlled by the rate-and-state-dependent friction law. This model predicts non uniform slip and stress drop along the rupture length of a heterogeneous fault. This result is very different from some earlier modelings based on the simple friction law and a slip weakening friction law. In those earlier modelings the stress and slip functions become smoother with time along the length of the fault rupture, owing to the interactions between fault segments during slip. Because of this smoothing process the number of small events will decrease with time, and the universilly observed stationary magnitude-frequency relation cannot be explained. The interaction between a fault segment and its neighboring segments can be measured when the post-slip stress on this segment is compared with the stress on an identical segment (represented by a block in this modeling) without neighboring segments. If the post-slip stress of the former is much higher than that of the latter, strong interaction exists; if the two are close, only weak interaction exists. The interaction is determined by the relative motion between fault segments and the time duration of interaction. Our new modeling with the rate-and-state-dependent friction law appears to show no such smoothing effect and provides a physical mechanism for the roughening process in the difference between the fault strength and stress that is necessary to explain the observed stationary magnitude-frequency relation. The noninstantaneous healing predicted by the rate-and-state-dependent friction law may be repsonsible for the recurring nonuniform slip and stress drop, and may be explained by the reduction of interaction among fault segments due to the low frictional strength during the fault stopping. The very low friction during slip stopping allows much longer times than does the higher friction due to instantaneous healing for the fault segments to adjust their motions from an upper-limit slip velocity to almost rest. According to newton's second law, a process with fixed masses and constant velocity changes involves low forces and weak interactions if it is accomplished in a long time period, and vice versa. Our modeling also indicates that the existence of strong patches with higher effective stress on a fault is needed for the occurrence of major events. The creeping section of a fault, such as the one along the San Andreas fault in central California, on the other hand, can be simulated with the rate-and-state-dependent friction law by certain model parameters, which, however, must not include strong patches. In this case small earthquakes and aseismic creep relieve the accumulating strain without any large events.     

基床系数的室内外测试方法分析与研究

对目前规范中测试基床系数的方法进行了探讨和分析 ,指出其不合理性 ,在此基础上 ,展开对基床系数的室内测试方法的研究 ,最后给出两种较为简单实用的室内测试方法     

Attenuation relations of Arias intensity based on the Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake data

This paper presents a derivation of attenuation relations of Arias intensity for various site conditions based on the strong-motion data recorded in the 1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan earthquake. The data are from the mainshock and three large aftershocks with stations in the footwall area and in the area away from the fault. At each station, Arias intensity is computed from two horizontal acceleration time histories. The Arias intensity data are separated into four groups according to site classes assigned to recording stations. For each site class, the attenuation relation of Arias intensity is derived using a two-step regression analysis method. The attenuation relations established in this study can be used to estimate Arias intensity from a rupture of a thrust fault for sites in the footwall area or in the area away from the fault.