Haoqin-North Jianshan Thrust Fault and its constraints on the extension of ore-bearing carbonatite in the Bayan Obo areaSCIEI北大核心CSCD

白云鄂博是世界上最大的稀土矿,其资源储量影响着全球稀土资源配置的格局。稀土矿赋存于碳酸岩中,因钻孔深度所限,碳酸岩深部的延伸情况存在争议,是可以延伸较深的岩浆通道,还是根据三维剪切波速度结构研究结果显示的有限深度(约2.5km)。本文在地表展开矿区及周边岩性-构造填图和所卷入岩石的变形特征研究,将剖面上与平面上的构造样式进行对比,将有利于解决上述争议问题。本次研究在好沁、尖山北部、西矿北部一带发现大型逆冲断层,并将其命名为“好沁-尖山北逆冲断层”。该逆冲断层下盘为互层状的(粗)砂岩、灰岩和泥岩,粗砂岩的碎屑磷灰石下交点最年轻群组为1284±104Ma,砂岩的碎屑锆石最年轻组为1179±8Ma,均比白云鄂博碳酸岩的年龄(约1.3Ga)年轻;结合寒武-奥陶纪化石,厘定下盘地层为下古生界。断层上盘为变砾岩、变石英砂岩、板岩和赋矿碳酸岩,变石英砂岩的碎屑锆石存在1.94Ga和2.55Ga的2个峰值,认为其沉积于古元古代。好沁-尖山北逆冲断层将元古代变沉积岩及赋矿碳酸岩推覆于古生代地层之上,断层面上广泛发育断层泥和断层角砾,厚度自20cm至7m不等,沿断层面有含铁质流体灌入而形成赤铁矿,断层面倾角变化大,从水平到直立产状,可能是受后期褶皱影响的结果;结合卷入断层活动的最年轻地质体为二叠纪花岗岩、以及区域内白垩纪不整合沉积在断层及下伏地层之上,限定好沁-尖山北逆冲断层的活动时代发生于二叠纪之后、白垩纪之前。水源头出露有变石英砂岩飞来峰,白云鄂博矿区与南部约30km处发育相似的、4条NE-SW走向的雁列式排列的航磁异常带,它们限定逆冲推覆距离为8~30km。白云鄂博碳酸岩属于推覆体上盘地质体,好沁-尖山北逆冲断层将其与根部错开,白云鄂博地区的碳酸岩未延伸到断层下盘,下盘岩石可能是古生代岩石,因此,矿区深部的剪切波速度突变可能与该断层的发育相关。     

熊耳山下元古界片麻岩岩石地球化学及成因

熊耳山片麻岩中最基性的样品可近似代表其原岩,很有可能直接来源于地幔熔融的玄武质岩浆,在伸展构造环境下侵入地壳,从而促使部分地壳物质也发生部分熔融,形成中性-酸性岩浆岩,经历变质作用形成片麻岩。片麻岩的地球化学特征暗示华北克拉通南缘在早元古代仍存在一定程度的陆壳增生。     

北祁连山西段中元古代蛇绿岩的发现及其地质意义

北祁连山西段中元古代蛇绿岩的发现及其地质意义张招崇（中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京１０００３７）毛景文杨建民左国朝吴茂炳（中国地质科学院矿床地质研究所,北京１０００３７）（甘肃省地矿局地质科学研究所,兰州７３００００）关键词中元古代蛇绿岩北祁连山西段...     

南秦岭元古宙板内火山作用特征及构造意义

南秦岭元古宙火山岩主要由两大类岩石构成，一类为SiO245%-57%的基性火山岩系，另一类为SiO267%-78%的酸性火山岩系，主要岩石类型为细碧岩、玄武岩和石英角班岩、流纹岩。基性火山岩整体上属拉斑玄武岩系列，酸性火山岩属钙碱系列。火山岩强烈富集稀土元素，尤其是轻稀土元素，酸性火山岩和基性火山岩有相似的稀土元素特征，显示了源区特征的不同。基性火山岩富集强不相容元素，相对亏损Nb和Ti, 成于大陆裂谷环境，具有大陆拉斑玄武岩的特征。同位素特征表明基性火山作用与地幔柱活动密切相关。南秦岭的中、晚元古代大陆拉张及由古地幔柱活动所引发的陆裂火山岩浆活动是古秦岭洋打开的先兆。     

40Ar/39Ar evidence for the timing of Paleoproterozoic gold mineralisation at the Sandpiper Deposit,Tanami region,northern Australia

At the Sandpiper gold deposit in the Tanami region of northern Australia sericite is intimately intergrown with arsenopyrite in gold-bearing quartz veins and breccias, suggesting sericite crystallisation synchronous with gold-bearing fluid flow. This ore-stage sericite yields a ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar plateau age of 1785 ± 32 Ma (2σ including both analytical and systematic uncertainties). Recalculation using revised and more precise values for the ⁴⁰K decay constants and the age of the Fish Canyon Sanidine standard shifts the age to 1794 ±12 Ma (2σ including all known uncertainties). Given the possibility of post-mineralisation isotopic resetting this age can be conservatively interpreted as a minimum constraint on the timing of gold deposition although, given local geological relationships and estimates for the argon retentivity of white mica, we consider complete isotopic resetting to be unlikely. The preferred interpretation is, therefore, that the sericite ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar age indicates the timing of gold mineralisation. Thesericite age accords with a limited dataset of ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb xenotime ages of ca 1800 Ma from other gold deposits in the Tanami region, interpreted as mineralisation ages. The agreement between independently derived ages from several gold deposits lends support for a widespread gold-mineralising event at ca 1800 Ma in the Tanami region.     

北京十三陵中元古代串岭沟期地质事的探索

宏观、微观和地球化学研究结果证明在北京十三陵中元古界长城系串沟组有地质事件层。宏观标志包括一系列地震滑塌、砂体液化、层内错断和角砾化构造等;微观标志包括火山晶屑,火山玻璃的假象,显微层内错位等。地球化学资料表明,Ｒｅ、０ｓ及其同位素和Ｉｒ含量异常,某些稀有元素含量的对比等等,都有可能说明地质事件引起了异常现象的出现,笔者认为串岭沟组的地质事件是由于燕山裂陷槽形成早期的火山活动及由其引发的地震事件产     

The origin of bornhardts

Some bornhardts are of lithological origin, others are tectonic (horsts), but most are not susceptible of explanation in either of these terms. They are developed in granite or gneiss that apparently is mineralogically similar to that underlying the adjacent plains, and they are not obviously defined by fault dislocations. For these bornhardts two major hypotheses have been advanced. According to many workers bornhardts are the last residuals surviving after long distance scarp retreat. For others they are structural forms developed on massive compartments that stand in marked contrast with the well‐jointed rocks that have been weathered and worn down to form the plains.

Both of these hypotheses are theoretically feasible, but the field evidence (in particular the observed contrasts in fracture density between the granite of hill and plain; the evidence of subsurface initiation of both major and minor forms; the occurrence of bornhardts in narrow valleys within upland complexes and at all levels within the landscape, not just on divides; the fracture‐delineated outlines of the residuals; the association of bornhardts and multicyclic landscapes; the evidence of phased exposure; and the antiquity of the forms) are all consistent with the two‐stage concept. On the other hand, there is no evidence of long‐distance scarp retreat, and much of the field evidence is difficult to explain in such terms.