硫酸根分析技术及应用现状

就近年来硫酸根检测分析技术及应用现状作一综述,并着重对重量法、滴定法、原子吸收法、光度法、荧光法、离子色谱法、离子选择电极法、ICP-AES法测定硫酸根进行了评述,为在医药、食品、化工生产和环境监测方面的应用提供了依据。     

瞬变电磁法多匝重叠小回线装置实验研究

文中采用实验方法对瞬变电磁法多匝重叠小回线装置发射磁矩、关断时间、感应信号强度随发射线圈匝数及接收线圈匝数的变化分别进行了研究。对固定发射线圈匝数改变接收线圈匝数与固定接收线圈匝数改变发射线圈匝数这2种实验方式进行了对比,从而找出了更适合地质响应的发射与接收线圈的匝数。同时还分别采用线圈边长为0.5m×0.5m与1m×1m的线框进行了对比实验,通过分析发射磁矩、关断时间、感应信号强度随线圈边长、线圈匝数的变化,找到合理的重叠小回线装置。实验结果表明发射磁矩随线圈的边长与发射线圈匝数的增加而增加;关断时间随发射线圈匝数近乎呈正比增加,与接收线圈无关;感应信号强度与线圈匝数呈正比关系,但是相比之下,接收线圈匝数更占主导地位。     

A lattice Boltzmann model coupled with a Large Eddy Simulation model for flows around a groyne

This present paper proposes a two-dimensional lattice Boltzmann model coupled with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) model and applies it to flows around a non-submerged groyne in a channel. The LES of shallow water equations is efficiently performed using the Lattice Boltzmann Method (LBM) and the turbulence can be taken into account in conjunction with the Smagorinsky Sub-Grid Stress (SGS) model. The bounce-back scheme of the non-equilibrium part of the distribution function is used to determine the unknown distribution functions at inflow boundary, the zero gradient of the distribution function is set normal to outflow boundary to obtain the unknown distribution functions here and the bounce-back scheme, which states that an incoming particle towards the boundary is bounced back into fluid, is applied to the solid wall to ensure non-slip boundary conditions. The initial flow field is defined firstly and then is used to calculate the local equilibrium distributions as initial conditions of the distribution functions. These coupled models successfully predict the flow characteristics, such as circulating flow, velocity and water depth distributions. The comparisons between the simulated results and the experimental data show that the model scheme has the capacity to solve the complex flows in shallow water with reasonable accuracy and reliability.     

关于航片在林业调查中有关应用问题的探讨

对航片在林业调查中的应用问题进行了探讨,研究以航片内业判讯为主进行林业调查的方法及精度,以求扩大航片在林业调查中的应用,使其更加科学和实用化,并提出几点看法和建议。     

南海水色遥感的主因子分析

分析了叶绿素、黄色物质和无机悬浮颗粒等要素对海水光谱反射率的贡献,并由这些要素的光学特性正演光谱反射率,与实测结果符合较好。在此基础上,利用主成分分析方法,通过对光谱反射率数据的特征向量变换和主因子回归,建立了反演南海海水叶绿素和溶解有机碳的遥感算法。与实测结果的比较表明,叶绿素和溶解有机碳的相对误差分别达１７５％和３７４％。     

差分三角高程测量在水利工程勘测中的应用

针对水利水电测量中需要采集大量的地面数据特征点,提出了用差分电磁波测距三角高程测量作业模式,并进行了精度分析,试验表明,该方法可大大提高数据采集的测量精度和工作效率。     

主成分分析法在神经网络集成预报中的应用

本文将主成分分析方法引入到用神经网络作集成预报中,根据各个主成分的方差贡献的大小来确定所需主成分的个数,在此基础上,对集成预报的原始因子进行重构,以达到对数据进行降维,加快计算速度和提高预报准确率的目的。     

Deformation analysis of shallow penetration in clay

A new method of analysis is described for estimating the deformations and strains caused by shallow undrained penetration of piles and caissons in clay. The formulation combines previous analyses for steady, deep penetration, with methods used to compute soil deformations due to near-surface ground loss, and is referred to as the Shallow Strain Path Method (SSPM). Complete analytical solutions for the velocity and strain rates are given for a planar wall, an axisymmetric, closed-ended pile and unplugged, open-ended pile geometries. In these examples, the analyses consider a single source penetrating through the soil at a constant rate, generating a family of penetrometers with rounded tips, referred to as simple wall, pile and tube geometries. Soil deformations and strains are obtained by integrating the velocity and strain rates along the particle paths. The transition from shallow to deep penetration is analysed in detail. Shallow penetration causes heave at the ground surface, while settlements occur only in a thin veneer of material adjacent to the shaft and in a bulb-shaped region around the tip. The size of this region increases with the embedment depth. Deformations inside an open-ended pile/caisson are affected significantly by details of the simple tube wall geometry. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

地震活动性热红外异常提取方法研究

热红外遥感以其大视野、高精度和短周期等诸多优势以及对某些强震红外异常的良好反映,成为监测断裂活动性及地震短临前兆的很有前途的观测技术。热红外异常与地震关系的研究也受到国内外地震学者的广泛关注。但由于地表热红外辐射受云层、地形地貌、地物类型和气象等诸多非震因素的影响,因此,如何从复杂的红外遥感数据中提取出与地震活动有关的热异常一直是这项研究中的瓶颈问题。在对若干震例和地震活动区的热红外影像进行长期分析研究的基础上,对这一问题进行了探讨,同时提出了一些实用化的异常识别与提取方法,并对其可行性进行了分析。认为地震红外异常是地表亮温的相对变化,判别地震异常时,至少需利用两年以上的卫星资料,从不同的时空尺度上加以综合对比分析,仅靠震前震后一定时段的卫星资料不足以排除所有非震因素的影响。     

复杂地形条件下四面体剖分电阻率三维有限元数值模拟

地形起伏对电阻率影响非常大,复杂地形条件下的电阻率异常解释一直受到很多的关注.本文提出了一种四面体网格交叉剖分方法,剖分的网格相互交错,使剖分的网格具有多样性,能较好地模拟复杂地形情况下的地电模型.同时,从点电源场满足的方程出发,本文推导了三维复杂地形条件下有限元数值模拟算法,并编制了计算程序.算例表明,本方法行之有效,计算精度高.