在恒离子强度下KCl+KNO_3水溶液中KCl的活度系数及KNO_2~0的缔合常数测定

作者用无液界电池电动势法测定了25℃恒离子强度(I=0.1,0.3,0.5和0.7)条件下KCl+KNO_3水溶液中KCl的平均质量摩尔浓度标度的活度系数,发现其活度系数的对数与混合溶液中KNO_3的浓度服从下列公式的关系: Lgγ1±=Lgγ_(1±)~0-a_(12)m_2-β12m_2~2且用最小二乘法求得了各离子强度条件下相应的哈奈特系数。还用Pitzer公式计算了混合溶液中KCl的平均活度系数及超额自由能,计算的活度系数与实验值之间的标准偏差为±0.006。较高的超额自由能表明该体系有较大的混合效应,同时表明在低浓度下K~+-NO_3离子对也可能发生较强的相互作用。已用简单的循环逼近法求算了KNO_3~0的化学计量缔合常数,其结果可用下列经验公式表示: LnK~*=a+bI_e已求得在海水离子强度(I_c=0.68)下KNO_3~0之K~*=2.4,用外推法求得25℃时KNO_3~0的热力学缔合常数值K_a=0.40。     

恒离子强度下KCl+K_2SO_4+H_2O溶液中氯化钾活度系数的测定

我们已用钾离子敏感膜电极和银—氯化银电极组成无液界电池,通过测量其电动势的方法测定了25℃时恒定离子强度(I=0.1,0.3,0.5和0.7)条件下,KCl—K_2SO_4水溶液中KCl的平均质量摩尔浓度活度系数。结果表明,KCl的平均活度系数的对数与混合溶液中每个电解质的离子强度分量,在该条件下服从哈内特线性关系。已用最小二乘法计算了相应的哈内特系数。在相应恒离子强度(I=0.1,0.3,0.5和0.7)条件下,其值分别为0.0430,0.0356,0.0329和0.0320。     

岩石矿物中锂、铷、铯的原子吸收光谱法测定

文献报道的测定岩石矿物中锂、铷、铯的方法都是在硫酸或硝酸介质中做的,该介质只能测定这三种元素,这不能满足在同一试液中测定多种元素的需要。本文选用盐酸作为测定介质,不但可以取分液测定锂、铷、铯,还可以直接或另取分液加入干扰抑制剂测定其它元素。该法灵敏准确,精密度好,选择性高。一般熔物都是盐酸浸取,正好与本实验介质一致,因此不需另制专用试液。简化了分析手续,扩大了元素的分析范围。     

肥城钾长石矿床地质特征

肥城钾长石矿属钾长伟晶岩型脉状矿床，由元古宙末期壳源岩浆侵入活动晚期冷却时形成的硅酸盐残余熔融体沿构造裂隙侵入形成。矿脉具有成群分布的特点，较大矿体具有伟晶岩矿床特有的环带状构造。该区钾长石矿资源潜力较大。矿体裸露地表，适宜露天开采。矿体内部的块体状矿石质量好、易分选，是玻璃、陶瓷等工业领域较理想的生产原料。     

马海盐湖浮选法生产氯化钾排放尾盐中钾资源的强制浸取技术研究

马海盐湖钾资源经过十几年的开发,在生产氯化钾过程中排放了大量的含钾尾盐,随着盐湖钾资源持续的开发,马海盐湖的钾资源已凸显日益枯竭的趋势,为高效利用马海盐湖的钾盐资源,近年来开展了对浮选法生产氯化钾过程所排放的含钾尾盐矿的开发利用技术研究。介绍了采用强制搅拌溶浸技术,溶浸马海盐湖含钾尾矿中钾资源的试验情况及所取得的试验结果,并对试验过程中出现的问题进行了讨论。     

北美板块海相钾盐沉积特征、控制因素及其对中国找钾启示

北美钾盐探明资源量占全球已探明资源量的一半以上。本文介绍了北美板块的形成和北美每个成钾盆地成钾环境和盆地演化。从钾盐沉积的条件出发重点论述了钾盐沉积的板块漂移位置的关系,指出北美每个时期的钾盐沉积都与北美板块所处的位置相关;大型和超大型钾盐矿床的形成时期,北美板块都处在中低纬度地区,且因板块的位置而形成了钾盐沉积所需的气候条件。中国的海相盆地在一些时期也具有与北美相似的大地构造环境,如三叠纪的华南陆块、石炭纪的塔里木陆块,因此深刻了解北美大型海相钾盐矿床的成矿规律,对于寻找中国古代海相钾盐矿床有一定的启示意义。     

含粘土热溶尾渣中钾组分的判断及处理

通过对含粘土热溶尾渣构成组分的分析,提出判断钾在热溶尾渣中附存状态的方法,为生产氯化钾的热溶———冷结晶工艺优化提供依据,并估计添加过滤设备经济效益。     

云南江城灰绿色钾石盐矿年产一万吨氯化钾生产装置试车总结

为解决云南江城泰裕钾肥有限公司大量的灰绿色钾石盐矿(废矿)生产氯化钾的生产技术问题,青海盐湖研究所与江城泰裕钾肥有限公司合作,采用水力旋流脱泥法,以废矿为原料,建成年产1×104t氯化钾工业性示范装置,完成了生产试车。试生产结果表明,该技术用于思茅地区江城泰裕钾肥公司的高含泥泥砾质灰绿色钾石盐矿脱泥生产氯化钾是可行的。着重介绍了1×104t装置在试车过程中出现的问题及处理的方法。     

不同类型水处理剂对马海盐湖高不溶物钾盐矿浆的絮凝沉降及过滤性能研究

研究了焦磷酸钠、三氯化铁、硫酸铁、硅酸钠、丙酮、十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、聚乙二醇等一些水处理剂与非离子聚丙烯酰胺组合后对马海盐湖高不溶物、低品位固体钾矿矿浆的絮凝沉降效果,找出了对钾矿矿浆絮凝沉降、过滤分离有较好效果的药剂组合。     

Characteristics of Milankovitch Cycles in the Mid‐Permian Liangshan and Qixia Formations of the Sichuan Basin—Examples from Well‐Long17 and Well‐Wujia1

The Liangshan and Qixia formations in the Sichuan Basin of central China were formed in the earlier middle Permian. Based on outcrop observation of the Changjianggou section at Shangsi, Guangyuan region and 3rd-order sequence division in typical drillings, one-dimensional spectrum analysis has been used to choose the better curve between the natural gamma ray spectrometry log(ln(Th/K)) in Well-Long17 and the gamma ray log(GR) in Well-Wujia1, respectively, for identifying Milankovitch cycles in Sequence PSQ1 which comprises the Liangshan and Qixia formations, and then to identify the variation in the Milankovitch cycle sequences. On this basis, the system tract and 4th-order sequence interfaces in Sequence PSQ1 were found via two-dimensional spectral analysis and digital filtering. Finally, a high-frequency sequence division program was established. Among these cycles, long eccentricity (413.0 ka) and short eccentricity (123.0 ka) are the most unambiguous, and they are separately the major control factors in forming 4th-order (parasequence sets) and 5th-order (parasequences) sequences, with the average thicknesses corresponding to the main cycles being 11.47 m and 3.32 m in Well-Long17, and 14.21 m and 3.79 m in Well-Wujia1, respectively. In other words, the deposition rate in the beach subfacies is faster than that of the inner ramp facies. The ln(Th/K) curve is more sensitive than the GR as the index of relatively ancient water depth in carbonate deposition. One-dimensional spectrum analysis of ln(Th/K) curve could distinguish the Milankovitch cycle sequences that arose from the Precession cycle (20.90 ka), with a much higher credibility. Sequence PSQ1 in Well-Long17 contains 10 4th-order sequences, and the growth span of Sequence PSQ1 consisting of the Liangshan and Qixia formations is about 4.13 Ma. The single deposition thickness of the long eccentricity cycle sequence has the characteristics of thinning and then thickening in the two-dimensional spectrum, which could be used to identify the system tract interface of the 3rd-order sequence. The precession sequence thickness remains stationary. As a result, the early deposition rate in the mid-Permian of the Sichuan basin was very slow, remaining nearly stationary, and this reflects a sustained depositional environment. Whole-rock carbon and oxygen isotope curves could also prove this point. Milankovitch cycle sequence studies provide a basis for paleoenvironmental analysis and, as such, can be used to analyze ancient climate change, calculate deposition rate and deposition time, and carry out fine isochronous stratigraphic correlation.