数字北京及空间信息资源建设

首都信息化的战略口号和奋斗目标是建设“数字北京” ,目的是使城市成为有利于人类生存与可持续发展的空间 ,为政府提供更加有效的、科学的管理与决策。本文主要介绍了遥感等空间信息资源在数字北京总体框架中的地位 ,以及整合并开发北京市空间信息资源达到信息共享、服务首都信息化的基本情况     

陕京输气管道断裂带形变监测GPS网的数据处理及形变分析

介绍了2000年陕京输气管道断裂带形变监测GPS网的数据处理过程,并对1999年和2000年两期成果进行了形变分析,其结果将为跨越断裂带的输气管道的形变监测提供借鉴.     

苏州市GPS城市控制网的建立与精度分析

介绍了苏州原有城市控制基准的情况,阐述了新苏州GPS控制网建立的方法、过程以及设计技术路线,分析了新苏州GPS控制网的精度,提出了一些建议.     

TIN模型在地球化学勘查的计算机辅助制图中的研究和应用

以济源西北部 1∶ 5 0 0 0 0水系沉积物测量和嵩县小南沟金矿区地球化学勘查两个项目为实例 ,总结了 TIN模型在区域化探扫面和矿区化探剖面的辅助制图中的应用特点及需注意的问题 ,着重介绍了数据布局方法和调整 Delaunay三角剖分网技术 ,对在不规则采样区域边界带圈等值线的形状问题 ,首次采用虚设采样点的方法进行处理 ,取得了很好效果     

山西数字遥测地震台网各子台台址地脉动噪声分析

通过对山西数字遥测地震台网11个子台台址背景噪声进行分析和计算，得出了各台址背景噪声地脉动速度均方根值(RMS值)、观测动态范围、噪声信号功率谱。结果表明各台址背景噪声水平基本符合数字地震观测技术规范要求。     

东莞市连续运行卫星定位系统的构成及测试

介绍了连续运行卫星定位系统的组成及工作原理,通过连续运行24小时的稳定性测试和利用静态点的内、外符合精度测试,得出了该系统数据丢失率和内、外符合精度。     

Carbon dioxide exchange and the mechanism of environmental control in a farmland ecosystem in North China Plain

CO2 flux was measured continuously in a wheat and maize rotation system of North China Plain using the eddy covariance technique to study the characteristic of CO2 exchange and its response to key environmental factors. The results show that nighttime net ecosystem exchange (NEE) varied exponentially with soil temperature. The temperature sensitivities of the ecosystem (Q10) were 2.94 and 2.49 in years 2002-2003 and 2003-2004, respectively. The response of gross primary productivity (GPP) to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the crop field can be expressed by a rectangular hyperbolic function. Average Amax andαfor maize were more than those for wheat. The values ofαincreased positively with leaf area index (LAI) of wheat. Diurnal variations of NEE were significant from March to May and from July to September, but not remarkable in other months. NEE, GPP and ecosystem respiration (Rec) showed significantly seasonal variations in the crop field. The highest mean daily CO2 uptake rate was -10.20 and -12.50 gC·m-2·d-1 in 2003 and 2004, for the maize field, respectively, and -8.19 and -9.50 gC·m-2·d-1 in 2003 and 2004 for the wheat field, respectively. The maximal CO2 uptake appeared in April or May for wheat and mid-August for maize. During the main growing seasons of winter wheat and summer maize, NEE was controlled by GPP which was chiefly influenced by PAR and LAI. Rec reached its annual maximum in July when Rec and GPP contributed to NEE equally. NEE was dominated by Rec in other months and temperature became a key factor controlling NEE. Total NEE for the wheat field was -77.6 and -152.2 gC·m-2·a-1 in years 2002-2003 and 2003-2004, respectively, and -120.1 and -165.6 gC·m-2·a-1 in 2003 and 2004 for the maize field, respectively. The cropland of North China Plain was a carbon sink, with annual -197.6 and -317.9 gC·m-2·a-1 in years 2002-2003 and 2003-2004, respectively. After considering the carbon in grains, the cropland became a carbon source, which was 340.5 and 107.5 gC·m-2·a-1 in years 2002-2003 and 2003-2004, respectively. Affected by climate and filed managements, inter-annual carbon exchange varied largely in the wheat and maize rotation system of North China Plain.     

精密导线网平面位移监测应用与分析

本文综述了某个大型工程平面变形监测的情况,用严密导线网成功地测定了平面位移,监测精度优于±3mm。     

CONCENTRATION AND FLUX OF CO2, TURBULENCE FLUXES AND RADIATION BALANCE IN THE NEAR SURFACE LAYER OVER WHEAT FIELD

The gradient of CO₂ concentration, photosynthetically active radiation(PAR). net radiation.soil heat flux, profiles of wind speed, and air temperature and humidity were measured above a wheat field during May and June 1985 at Beijing Agro-Ecosystems Experimental Station. Beijing,China. Fluxes of carbon dioxide, sensible heat, latent heat and momentum were calculated by using the aerodynamic method. The observation site. equipment, calibration techniques, the errors associated with the measurement, and the computational procedures are described. The results show that the diurnal variations of amplitude of CO₂ concentrations were 103.8 to 27. 0.86. 3 to 22.8 and 69.8 to 11.6 ppm:the average CO₂ concentrations were 331.5. 339.9 and 364.6 ppm for the photosynthesis type, and 369.6. 364.0 and 375.2 ppm for the respiration type at 1. 2 and 10 m above surface, respectively, from May 14 to June 15. In the daytime, transfer direction of the CO₂ fluxes and gradients is from air to crop canopy, and at noon(1100 to 1300 BT(Beijing Time)) the transfer rate reaches negative maximum value. At night, transfer of CO₂ fluxes and gradients is in the reversed direction and reaches positive maximum in the early morning(0400 to 0600 BT). There are strong negative correlations between CO₂ flux and the net radiation(R_n),available energy(H+LE). photosynthetically active radiation(PAR) and momentum flux(τ).     

极射赤平投影中的数学方法

本文提供了严格依据赤平投影原理并利用空间解析几何知识推导出的公式计算方法，可以写出已知产状的线或面的赤平投影方程，也能计算两线所共的面，两面的交线，线或面之间的夹角以及它们的平分线或平分面，可以进行真倾斜和视倾斜的换算，倾斜和侧伏的换算；模拟线面绕轴的旋转以及恢复节理的原始产状；最后阐述用计算机进行节理统计和绘制极点等密图的原理。所用的向量表示方法直观表达了相关构造要素之间的空间关系，可用于计算机辅助教学，也能用于生产实践，精度可达0.01°。