Separate Analysis of Remote Sensing Information of Structures of Different Geological Periods and Quantitative Study of Corresponding Tectonic Stress Fields

The structural feature shown on a remote sensing image is a synthetic result ofcombination of the deformations produced during the entire geological history of an area.Therefore, the respective tectonic stress field of each of the different stages in the complexdeformation of an area can be reconstructed in three steps: (1) geological structures formed atdifferent times are distinguished in remote sensing image interpretation; (2) structuraldeformation fields at different stages are determined by analyzing relationships betweenmicrostructures (joints and fractures) and the related structures (folds and faults); and (3)tectonic stress fields at different stages are respectively recovered through a study of the featuresof structural deformation fields in different periods. Circular structures and related circlular and radial joints are correlated in space to con-cealed structural rises. The authors propose a new method for establishing a natural model ofthe concealed structural rises and calculating the tectonic stress field by using quantitative dataof the remote sensing information of circular structures and related linear structures.     

Quantitative Tectonic Markers of Large Coastal Earthquakes in Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan and Hainan——with a Discussion of Qualitative Indicators

This paper expounds the quantitative tectonic indicators and some qualitative indicators of large earthquakes in the coast areas of Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan and Hainan. The main quantitative indicators include uplift amplitude of the Moho, Quaternary and Late Holocene coasts. The paper also gives a brief account of the research method on quantitative indicators of surface uplifted zones. Taiwan is a famous neotectonic zone and an area of large earthquakes in the world. There is only one large-earthquake area in each of Fujian, Guangdong and Hainan Provinces. Along the coast large earthquake areas there are certainly many remains of crustal activity. Among these remains, coast activity, taking the sea level as the accurate marker horizon, can determine not only the amplitude of coastal elevation and subsidence in a certain period, but also the cycle and rate of positive or negative movements.     

Yixunite and Damiaoite—A Twin of New Native Alloys of Indium and Platinum from the Yanshan Mountains

Yixunite and damiaoite Were found in a cobalt- and copper-bearing platinum ore vein of a contact metasomatic deposit. The chief ore minerals are bornite, chalcopyrite, magnetite and carrollite. The platinum minerals include moncheite, sperrylite, daomanite, cobalt malanite and cooperite. Yixunite and damiaoite occur as immiscible globules, 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter. Yixunite is always in the central part of a globule. It is opaque with metallic lustre, bright white colour and black streak. HM = 5.8; VHN50 = 634 kg/mm2 (573-681 kg/ mm2); insoluble in HCl, HNO3, HF or H3PO4; no cleavage; no magnetism. Density is hard to measure because of small grain size. Calculated density = 18.21 g/cm3. Reflective colour is bright white with a yellowish tint. Isotropic. The mean analytical results (ranges) (%) are: Pt 82.8 (81.8-83.6), In 16.4(15.6-17.1) and total 99.2. The empirical formula (based on 4 atoms) is Pt2.993 In1.007 . The five strongest lines of X-ray diffraction (hkl, d,I) are 111, 2.30 (100); 200, 1.99 (     

福建沙县地区早白垩世火山岩成因及构造环境分析

本文着重阐述了沙县地区早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征，论证了中性与酸性火山岩的成因及物质来源，认为二者为不同源岩浆演化的产物，其岩浆物质来源于壳幔混源区，为省内双峰式火两端员岩石间成因关系的分析研究提供了新的例征。     

福建省东部及邻区岩浆活动的构造环境与热变质作用

研究区自加里东期运动以来，经历了复杂的构造－岩浆－热演化过程。在分析岩浆活动特征及其形成的构造环境的基础上，探讨了研究区沉积岩系及其中有机质的热变质作用。     

煤层倾角与覆岩变形破裂分带

地下采煤中三带(冒落带、裂隙带、弯曲带)高度的判断是预测采空引起地表变形破坏程度的依据。在诸多的影响因素中, 煤层倾角是控制三带高度的最主要因素。建立在实测统计基础上的经验范围值用于三带高度的判断带有一定的人为性。急倾斜煤层中冒落带和裂隙带高度随煤层倾角变化的规律已被褐示[7].通过弹塑性岩石材料的非线性有限元模拟, 本文提出了利用应力重分布图判断中、缓倾角煤层采空区覆岩三带高度的方法, 并应用于实际工程。     

我国北方农牧交错带的环境演变

中国北方农牧交错带在１０～８．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．经历了三次阶段性增暖后进入全新世暖期。８．５～８．０ｋａＢ．Ｐ．和４～３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．暖期的开始与结束事件中降水变化落后于温度变化３００～５００ａ；暖期盛期时的年均温较现代高２～３℃，降水多１００ｍｍ左右；暖期中存在多次短期寒冷事件，年均温最冷时较现代低３℃以上。３．５ｋａＢ．Ｐ．以来冷干趋势之上叠加着大致由３００ａ稳定与５００ａ波动构成的约８００ａ的周期性变化。全新世暖期原始农业文化的阶段性发展与暖期内环境波动相对应；暖期结束时发生了由农业向牧业文化转换的事件；暖期以后的冷干期为农牧交错文化时期，农业经济随冷干程度的变化而兴衰     

地史转折期的生态系

生态系的演变是地球各圈层系统耦合关系变化的直接标志。地史转折期的生态系具有复杂的生物内涵，在绝灭—残存—复苏过程中，各生物类别的演替遵循着一定的生存型式。大绝灭后生态系复苏的原动力是绝灭后迁入避难所的复活类型和大绝灭末期高压环境中产生的祖先类型的新生和辐射发展。全面了解绝灭后生态系的组成和结构，对于正确认识地史转折期，即圈层耦合结点处的地质作用型式和过程具有重要作用。     

岩浆活动旋回与地球多层对流系统

从地球历史的节律角度讨论岩浆活动旋回。岩浆活动旋回可按时间与空间分出相互对应的不同尺度，进而可与深度尺度不同的地球多层对流系统相互对应，从而给予了岩浆活动旋回的动力学意义。岩浆活动的时间周期愈长，空间尺度亦愈大，需要的维持岩浆源存在的热能、挥发分供给的数量与深度亦愈大。     

马家沟灰岩（古）岩溶研究中的若干问题探讨

讨论了华北地区奥陶系马家沟组灰岩岩溶研究中的几个问题，包括沉积岩溶，暴露岩溶，埋藏岩溶，现代岩溶及陷落柱等，指出了沉积岩溶和暴露岩溶洞穴不能保存或保存甚少，但对后期的岩溶发育具有重要控制作用，最后，提出了今后奥陶系灰岩岩溶研究的基本思路。