灰色系统理论预测大气氮氧化物污染的应用

根据中国南方某省所辖城市近年来N0x污染指数的测量数据的统计资料，建立了GM(1，1）灰色预测模型，通过预测探讨了大气中氮氧化物指数的变化趋势。所建模型残差仅1．17％，关联系数为0．9067，精度较高，具有较好的可行性和适应性，可以为管理规则提供决策依据。     

浙西石煤产区放射性污染及防治对策

浙江西部山区石煤资源丰富，广泛地被应用于石煤制品的生产和用做部分电厂、山区农村的燃料。石煤中U、Th等放射性核素含量高，致使部分石煤及其制品中U、Th等放射性核素含量偏高。U、Th是Rn的母体元素，衰变后不断释放出氡气，导致石煤产区居室内氡浓度和居民年辐射剂量当量严重超标，危害人体健康。本文在分析该区部分石煤产区、石煤制品、石煤电厂以及居室中的放射性元素污染的基础上，提出了相应的防治措施。     

多目标地球化学调查在成都平原的实践

通过在中国西部地区成都平原首次开展的多目标地球化学调查，研究了深层样元素的基准值及浅层样元素的分布特征，并利用元素的分布特征判断隐伏构造和隐伏岩体；探讨了在农业地质、环境污染、人体健康、天然气预测、pH值计算等多目标的地球化学研究。     

成都市浮尘物理与化学特征的初步研究

通过对成都市一环、二环路交叉处和纵贯市区人民路浮尘进行粒度、X射线衍射物相、元素组成等分析,研究了成都市浮尘的成分、元素含量、组合特征及其在空间的分布特征,对降低浮尘污染提出了初步建议.     

南京市玄武湖水下交通隧道环境地质评价

玄武湖地下交通隧道既在城市,又在水下,环境地质条件极为复杂,是一种脆弱环境下的典型的地质工程。本文对玄武湖地下交通隧道的环境地质条件特别是水文地质条件进行了评价,预测了可能出现的如水污染、地面沉降、地面塌陷、巷道突水等环境地质问题,并提出了相应的防治对策。     

Atmospheric nitrogen inputs into the North Sea: effect on productivity

The ANICE (Atmospheric Nitrogen Inputs into the Coastal Ecosystem) project addressed the atmospheric deposition of nitrogen to the North Sea, with emphasis on coastal effects. ANICE focused on quantifying the deposition of inorganic nitrogen compounds to the North Sea and the governing processes. An overview of the results from modelling and experimental efforts is presented. They serve to identify the role of the atmosphere as a source of biologically essential chemical species to the marine biota. Data from the Weybourne Atmospheric Observatory (UK) are used to evaluate the effect of short episodes with very high atmospheric nitrogen concentrations. One such episode resulted in an average deposition of 0.8 mmol N m⁻² day⁻¹, which has the potential to promote primary productivity of 5.3 mmol C m⁻² day⁻¹. This value is compared to long-term effects determined from model results. The total calculated atmospheric deposition to the North Sea in 1999 is 948 kg N km⁻¹, i.e. 0.19 mmol N m⁻² day⁻¹ which has the potential to promote primary productivity of 1.2 mmol C m⁻² day⁻¹. Detailed results for August 1999 show strong gradients across the North Sea due to adjacent areas where emissions of NO_x and NH₃ are among the highest in Europe. The average atmospheric deposition to the southern part of the North Sea in August 1999 could potentially promote primary production of 2.0 mmol C m⁻² day⁻¹, i.e. 5.5% of the total production at this time of the year in this area of the North Sea. For the entire study area the atmospheric contribution to the primary production per m² is about two-third of this value. Most of the deposition occurs during short periods with high atmospheric concentrations. This atmospheric nitrogen is almost entirely anthropogenic in origin and thus represents a human-induced perturbation of the ecosystem.     

液压油污染控制

工程机械液压系统故障大约有70T是由液压油污染引起的，本文阐述了水电施工机械设备液压油的污染对液压系统的影响及如何控制液压油污染，保证其清洁度，从而预防液压系统故障。     

柳林泉岩溶地下水污染与治理措施

柳林泉是吕梁地区最大的岩溶泉，属山西省重点保护泉之一，也是吕梁地区离柳煤电能源区和离石市、中阳县、柳林县三个县市城市生活的主要水源。从上世纪九十年代开始在不断的变化，许多有害元素的检出率从无到有逐渐增加，随着水量减少和环境的变化，水质将进一步恶化。针对柳林泉的污染状况提出治理措施，并能引起有关部门的重视。     

Laser microprobe for the study of noble gases and nitrogen in single grains: A case study of individual chondrules from the Dhajala meteorite

A laser microprobe capable of analysing nitrogen and noble gases in individual grains with masses less than a milligram is described. It can be used in both continuous wave (CW) mode, useful for stepwise heating of an individual grain, as well as in pulsed mode, useful for ablating material from a small selected area of a sample, for gas extraction. We could achieve low blanks (in ccSTP units) for 4He(4.8 x 10{-12}),²²Ne(1.0 x 10{-12}),³⁶Ar(1.0 x10 ^-13),⁸⁴Kr(2.9 x 10{-14}),¹³² Xe(2.6 x 10{-14}), and N (87 pg), using this system. Preliminary data for individual chondrules from the Dhajala meteorite show that noble gases and nitrogen from grains as small as 170 microgram can be analysed using the present laser microprobe setup. The amount of trapped neon in Dhajala chondrules is very small, and nitrogen in the chondrules is isotopically heavier as compared to the bulk meteorite.