Determination of Precious Metal Concentrations in a Polymetallic Nodule Reference Sample from the Indian Ocean by ICP-MS

A polymetallic nodule reference sample (No. 2388)collected from the Indian Ocean, and seven other samples, two from the United States Geological Survey, USA (Nod-A-1 and Nod-P-1), three from Russia (OOPE 601, OOPE 602, and OOPE 603), and two from China (GSPN-2 and GSPN-3), collected from different loca tions, are available for calibration purposes and as control samples in the analytical programs for polymetallic nodules and associated sediments to ensure accurate measurements. They are not certified for precious metal concentrations, however, and the data available are very scanty. An attempt has been made to provide working values for platinum, palladium, gold, and silver and indicative values for osmium, iridium, and ruthenium in these eight ferromanganese nodule reference samples, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). To assess the accuracy of the method, certified reference materials, WPR-1, WMS-1, WMG-1, and WGB-1 Canadian Certified Materials Project (CCRMP, Canada) were analyzed, and the data obtained were compared with the certified values. The estimate of analytical reproducibility was found to be better than 15 % RSD for most elements with comparable accuracy. The data presented for this set of manganese nodule reference samples may be useful in geochemical studies of manganese nodules and associated sediments.     

Wave sloshing in corrugated bottom tanks with two-dimensional flow

The boundary integral element method based on Green's formula is applied to the analysis of transient flow problem in corrugated bottom tanks. The problem is formulated as a two-dimensional linear, initial boundary value problem in terms of a velocity potential. The Laplace equation and the boundary conditions, except the dynamic boundary condition on the free surface, are transformed into an integral equation by the application of Green's formula. Finite Difference discretization is applied timewise. Initially a triangular wave on the free surface is assumed to be formed. The height of the triangular corrugated bottom is varied between 1/10 and 1/5 of the tank depth. The form of the free surface and the equipotential lines for the flow in the tank are presented at different time steps. An accuracy analysis is performed and distortion in time is considered. Proper coefficients for solutions are derived and presented. The results show that utilization of triangular corrugated bottoms may help to regulate the flow in tanks.     

无机材料在海洋药物分离分析中的应用

综述了无机材料在海洋天然活性物质分离、分析中的应用,从材料的设计、分离机制、制备方法、表面的改性等方面初步的探讨了无机材料在活性物质分离、分析的应用前景和存在的问题。文中还介绍了一门新兴分离技术即分子印迹技术,它在分子识别中有着特殊的选择性。鉴于大孔树脂吸附技术的大规模应用和分离高效性,提出了我课题组正在研制的多孔陶瓷微球的应用背景和取得的工作成果。     

几种天然玻璃的氧平均体积

通过计算天然玻璃的氧平均体积,发现该值对于雷公墨来说基本为一常数,未显示出冲击压力的影响。火山玻璃的氧平均体积与沸石、橙玄玻璃相近,由此得出沸石、橙玄玻璃形成时体积变化趋势。氧平均体积与密度的倒数成良好直线关系,不同玻璃有不同的直线。橙玄玻璃的氧平均体积和其中水的分子体积表明水是以单个分子进入玻璃结构,类似“结晶水”和“沸石水”,而不是聚合状态的水。     

Molecular orbital study on the onset of the pressure-induced transformations of the metastably compressed germanates

In order to elucidate the onset of the pressure-induced transformations of germanates consisting of GeO₄ tetrahedra at room temperature, we have investigated the stability of the crystal structures near the transition pressure in terms of the stability of the linkage of the tetrahedra. The stability of the linkage near the transition pressure is estimated from the results of the molecular orbital calculations for the model cluster H₆Ge₂O₇, which mimics the linkage of tetrahedra, as functions of the bond length d(Ge–O_br) with bridging oxygen and bond angles Ge–O_br–Ge. The calculation shows that the total energy of the linkage becomes minimum at d(Ge–O_br)=1.758 Å and br–Ge=130.4°, and that it increases with the deviation from the energy minimum geometry. From the compression behavior of framework and chain germanates, we find that the linkage of the tetrahedra becomes unstable with increasing pressure, and that these germanates commonly transform into their high-pressure phases when the linkage of the tetrahedra largely departs from the energy minimum geometry. This suggests that the high-pressure transformations of the metastably compressed germanates are induced by the instability of the linkage of tetrahedra.     

激光粒度分析与传统粒度分析方法相关对比

对 4 1个样品的激光法与传统法 (筛析部分—沉析部分 )的粒度分析成果 (粒级百分含量、粒度参数和海陆相样品的粒度成果 )作了相关对比。找出 2种分析方法之间的内在联系 ,以期在将来的粒度分析中 ,可以通过参数矫正来实现 2法的数据转换。从分析可知 ,海陆相沉积对样品的影响很小。 2种方法的原理不同 ,从而产生了激光法低估粘土部分百分含量的结果     

天然锰钾矿催化活性实验研究

利用天然锰的氧化物矿物及合成MnO2催化分解过氧化氢溶液．对比研究锰钾矿的催化活性。在0℃下锰钾矿催化分解H2O2的活性远大于天然软锰矿、恩苏塔矿和分析纯MnO2,原因是锰钾矿具有较大的比表面积及特殊的晶体化学特征。锰钾矿分解不同浓度H2O2溶液的反应能很好遵循langmuir—Hinshelwood动力方程式。XRD分析表明锰钾矿反应后结构未发生改变,重复实验锰钾矿催化分解H2O2的活性未见降低。