Dynamical Control of Asymmetrically Oblique Tidal Currents to the Sedimentary Characteristics and Development of Linear Sand Ridges in the Liaodong Shoal,East Bohai Sea

The Liaodong Shoal is a group of linear sand ridges located in the east Bohai Sea of China.In this study,54 surface sediment samples have been collected,current measurements at 4 stations have been carried out and bathymetric data were obtained.The current directions are rightward deflected relative to the strikes of the sand ridges.Affected by the narrowing effect of the ridge,the current velocities exhibited an anti-‘C’type vertical profile.The velocities of the lower currents linearly correlate with the water depths.The near-bed current velocities over the troughs are estimated to be higher than those over the ridges,and this feature could be explained by the loss of kinetic energy together with the conversion between kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy.The sedimentary characteristics that are compatible with the tidal dynamics are developed across the ridges and troughs,including grain size compositions,grain size parameters,mineral compositions and Dhm indexes.The existence of the angles between the current directions and the strikes of the sand ridges is the key factor for the growth of the sand ridges.The asymmetric hydrodynamic features between the flood and ebb currents lead to the differences in the topographical and sedimentary characteristics on both sides of a sand ridge.Insufficient material supply led to the degradation of the sand ridges,and the reduction of the tidal current intensity has led to the development of the subordinate sand ridges in the troughs.Sand ridges are migrating.     

Impact of climate and socioeconomic changes on fire carbon emissions in the future: Sustainable economic development might decrease future emissions

Fires and their associated carbon and air pollutant emissions have a broad range of environmental and societal impacts, including negative effects on human health, damage to terrestrial ecosystems, and indirect effects that promote climate change. Previous studies investigated future carbon emissions from the perspective of response to climate change and population growth, but the compound effects of other factors like economic development and land use change are not yet well known. We explored fire carbon emissions throughout the 21st century by changing five factors (meteorology, biomass, land use, population density, and gross domestic product [GDP] per capita). Compared to the historical period (2006–2015), global future fire carbon emissions decreased, mainly caused by an increase in GDP per capita, which leads to improvement in fire management and capitalized agriculture. We found that the meteorological factor has a strong individual effect under higher warming cases. Fires in boreal forests were particularly expected to increase because of an increase in fuel dryness. Our research should help climate change researchers consider fire-carbon interactions. Incorporating future spatial changes under diverse scenarios will be helpful to develop national mitigation and adaptation plans.     

闽赣跨断层短水准地点可视化系统设计与实现

针对闽赣地区24个短水准场地现有水准测量数据多而缺乏统一有效管理的问题,提出了建立地图服务发布及数据管理分析一体化系统的方案。在方案设计的基础上,结合Access数据库、ArcGIS Server、Android开发平台、.NET及相关ArcEngine开发平台,构建地图服务发布及数据库管理服务器端、桌面应用端、移动应用端,开发实现了统一式数据管理、地图服务发布、数据分析应用等功能,从而为闽赣地区地震监测提供决策分析支持。     

协调发展导向的宁夏空间规划战略实施对策研究

研究《宁夏空间发展战略规划》的实施对策,对落实规划总体战略、促进宁夏协调发展具有重要的战略意义。实施"一主三副"战略,推进区域协调发展,重点破解区域发展中差别化不明显的问题;实施"两带两轴"战略,推进城乡协调发展,重点破解城乡二元结构问题;实施"产业集群"战略,推进经济社会协调发展,重点破解产业支撑能力弱的问题;实施"山河为脉"战略,推进人与自然协调发展,重点破解发展的粗放低效和资源约束问题;实施"内陆开放"战略,推进区内开发与对外开放协调发展,重点破解国内开放与国外开放程度较低的问题。     

论军事测绘学与军事地理学发展的“分异”与“聚焦”

军事测绘学和军事地理学的演进与发展,都有近两千多年的历史,如今都已进入信息时代,成为分属工科和理科的两门独立的学科。本文论述了军事测绘学和军事地理学的研究对象、内容、范围和方法;分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学各自的发展过程,描述了各自的演进轨迹,特别是分析了信息时代的军事测绘学和军事地理学的发展趋势和各自特点;就军事测绘学和军事地理学在战场地理环境信息保障中的作用,分别从战场地理环境信息保障的两种思维、发展过程、发展特点和发展趋势等几个方面,分析了军事测绘学和军事地理学的"分异"与"聚焦";最后,从哲学的高度论述了"空间与时间一起构成运动着的物质存在的两种基本形式"和"空间参照与时间参照是自然与社会现象的两个基本参照系统"的观点,认为军事测绘学和军事地理学都是研究存在于空间和时间之中且运动着的物质,但研究的具体对象、内容、范围和方法有很大区别,必将在无限和有限统一的空间和时间中深化各自的研究内容、开拓各自的研究范围,创新各自的研究方法,同时又更加紧密地聚焦于战场地理环境信息保障。     

A digital earth platform for sustainability

ABSTRACT

Based on the experience of the International Society for Digital Earth (ISDE), this paper describes some challenges foreseen in order to develop a Digital Earth platform that can support the implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals. The use of ready-to-use derived geospatial information is essential. Future Earth’s methodology of ‘co-design’ aims to bring together natural, social scientists and decision makers to plan and carry out research for sustainability. Sustainability implies transdisciplinary research, but in order for scientists of different disciplines to work together, they will need to be able to share, access and use common data. This is by far not simple! While the good will to share data might exist, the associated technological, ethical and privacy issues are difficult to solve. An adequate e-infrastructure will be required. ISDE could consider to use the SDGs is the basis to develop the desired Digital Earth platform. This paper, by no means, covers everything for a Digital Earth platform, it aims to trigger research discussions and to have a good view about a starting point.     

基于ArcEngine的插件式GIS开发框架设计与应用研究

GIS应用领域越来越广,对传统的GIS开发模式提出了新的要求和挑战。插件开发模式具有易扩展、易重用的特点,可降低GIS开发成本,提高应用灵活性,弥补传统开发模式的不足。本文在分析插件技术和插件式GIS开发框架的基础上,采用ArcEngine组件和.NET反射技术设计实现了插件式GIS开发框架PLGGIS。最后以扩展插件的方式开发了多源遥感影像数据管理应用系统,验证了设计插件式GIS开发框架的可行性和应用灵活性。     

Social networks and healthy cities: spreading good practices based on a spanish case study

The city of Vitoria‐Gasteiz in Spain is considered a “healthy city” and has implemented sustainable actions to increase the mobility of its healthcare professionals. The objectives of this study are firstly to account for the use of bicycles at work as a strategy for a healthy city and secondly to propose a conceptual framework for analyzing this network and its capacity to spread their practices The paradigm proposed is that of social networks, within which sharing between contacts is explained by means of two models: the “threshold model” and “opinion leaders”.     

Oil and gas development exposure and conservation scenarios for Greater sage-grouse: Combining spatially explicit modeling with GIS visualization provides critical information for management decisions

During the last quarter-century, global demand for energy has increased by more than 60%, and a similar increase is anticipated to occur by 2030 (Raymond, Deming, & Nichols, 2007). In the U.S., oil and gas development is projected to continue across western states within sage-grouse habitat. Greater sage-grouse, recently a candidate species for protection under the Endangered Species Act (ESA), have well documented negative responses to oil and gas disturbance. In this study, we create spatially-explicit oil and gas future development scenarios, baseline and high, and link them to sage-grouse population and habitat maps to quantify future exposure risk within Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) sage-grouse management zones (MZ) I and II. We then analyze recent land use decisions from the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) along with enacted policy from the State of Wyoming to estimate how these management actions might minimize the exposure risk of sage-grouse to oil and gas development into the future. Our results show that BLM and Wyoming conservation plans could reduce the exposure of sage-grouse to oil and gas development from 15-27% to 11–17% (31–37% reduction) in MZ I and from 15-27% to 5–9% (64–68% reduction) in MZ II. Our estimates of exposure to future oil and gas development, and conservation measures designed to ameliorate those threats, represent the upper and lower extents of potential impacts within scenarios. Our work demonstrates how spatial modeling and GIS visualization can be used by managers to assess likely outcomes of conservation decisions.     

‘Development’, resistance and the geographies of affect in Oecussi: Timor‐Leste's Special Economic Zone (ZEESM)

In 2013, it was announced that Timor‐Leste's Oecussi enclave would become the site of a special economic zone. Arid, and inhabited mostly by semi‐subsistence farmers from West Timor's Meto ethno‐linguistic group, the plan entails remaking the enclave as an industrial, transport and tourism hub. To facilitate this, in mid‐2015 the authorities began the process of clearing hundreds of indigenous gardens and homes from land slated for mega‐projects intended to make the region attractive to foreign investors. In this paper, I describe how, for many Meto, land tends to be experienced as a spiritually mediated ‘geography of affect’ (Lea & Woodward, 2010) in which questions of place, belonging, spirituality and personal fortune cannot easily be divided, a reality that raises questions about the suitability of the plan's vision of globalized and investment driven ‘development’. Drawing on Scott, I argue that in Oecussi, spirits associated with the land are not apolitical, but are sometimes perceived as acting to protect locals against powerful outsiders – a characteristically Meto ‘weapon of the weak’ that is in keeping with their previous encounters with colonial regimes.