壳聚糖抑酸功效研究

实验测定了壳聚糖对人工胃酸的抑制作用，并与对照药品进行了对照实验，证实壳聚糖确对人工胃酸有明显的升高p作用，并产处次给出了壳聚糖的酸当量，即壳聚糖的浓度的价值。     

新生产力——一个新的海洋学研究领域

新生产力的概念最初由Dugdale等(1967)提出,近年来由于全球变化研究的发展,赋予了新的含义。它不仅反映了海区的群落净生产能力,同时也是海洋真光层对于大气中CO_2的净吸收的一种度量。新生产力研究已经成为当今海洋研究的前沿领域,它涉及海洋生态学、生物海洋学、生物地球化学和物理海洋学的研究,具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。新生产力的基本研究方法是~(15)N示踪法,此外,还可应用沉积物捕集器法、f比推算法、物理模型法、真光层净产氧量法、~(234)Th滞留时间法、物质通量模型法以及遥感等方法进行观测或推算。新生产力的研究已被纳入一些国际重大联合研究计划,如JGOFS,GLOBEC等,在短短的几年时间里已取得了迅速的发展,90年代将在更大范围和深度上展开研究,并将对全球新生产力水平有一个较精确和全面的了解。     

Contaminant transport modeling in marine clays

The need to develop various offshore containment systems encourages the contaminant transport study in marine clays. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to examine six cases of contaminant transport in marine clays. Adequate literature background on the chemical diffusion of soils, and the earlier reported modeling techniques relevant to the present work have been highlighted. These methods enable a rapid examination of the impact of contaminant physical properties on the environment over a period of time. The numerical results of this study help to understand the chemicals transport phenomena in the marine environment especially at sea bed.     

产低温纤维素酶海洋嗜冷菌的筛选及研究

从黄海的深海海底泥样中筛选出一株产纤维素酶的海洋细菌，初步鉴定为革兰氏阴性杆菌。该菌既能产生羧甲基纤维素酶，又能降解微晶纤维素，互有淀粉酶活。对该菌生长特征及所产纤维素酶的性质进行了初步研究。此菌最适生长温度为20℃，最高生长温度为40℃，在0℃也能生长，是典型的嗜冷菌。该菌所产纤维素酶最适反应温度为35℃，10℃仍有较高酶活，最适pH值为6．0，属酸性酶。     

海洋纤毛虫一新属,伪小双虫属及新组合──拉氏伪小双虫

于１９９１年４月在青岛－贝类养殖池中采集到一大型腹毛目纤毛虫。研究表明，该纤毛虫代表一新属（伪小双虫属）并由此建立起一新组合－拉氏伪小双虫。该属特征为：左右各有一列纵行的腹棘毛，其右侧一列前端与口围带相接；有额、口棘毛分化；横棘毛高度发达并上行至虫体胞口后方。     

渤海湾南部岛屿的成因及意义

在渤海湾南部近岸,分布着几十个由贝壳砂或砂组成的岛屿,它们分别由历史时期的海岸贝壳堤或古黄河三角洲被海洋动力塑造而成。文章简要地分析了其形成过程、海洋动力、实用价值及科学意义。     

海洋沉积物中总硅的分光光度法测定

本文采用聚四氟乙烯高压罐消化海洋沉积物。这种密闭的消化体系避免了硅的挥发损失和玷污,能达到对高含量硅沉积物的完全消化,并且消除了氢氟酸的干扰;采用分光光度法测定总硅,简化了操作步骤,加快了测定速度。本法的精密度为0.8％,回收率为99—lOl％,测定水系沉积物标准样品的结果与推荐值的相对偏差小于O.5％。本法已应用于台湾海峡沉积物总硅的测定,获得满意的结果。     

The Ecology of Amorphous Aggregations (Marine Snow) in the Northern Adriatic Sea:

Abstract. In the water-column of the Gulf of Trieste (Northern Adriatic Sea) flocculent, amorphous aggregates known as marine snow reach maximum density and dimensions up to 20cm in diameter during summer months. Sampling of these fragile macro-aggregates was carried out by SCUBA-divers.
A large detrital component was found to be embedded in an organic matrix together with a large array of intact phytoplankton species. Heterotrophic bacterial density ranged from 2–65 × 10⁸ cells-g^-1 (marine snow dry wt) and is therefore of the same order of magnitude as in the surface layer of the sediments of the Gulf. In terms of biomass, bacteria reached only 30–95% of heterotrophic microflagellates.
A mean abundance of marine snow of 5g (marine snow dry wt) m^-3 was obtained for the water-column above the pyenolinc. At this boundary layer, however, a mean abundance of about 10g (marine snow dry wt) m^-3 led to the formation of a distinct, 10-50cm thick layer. Based on these data and sedimentation rates of marine snow to the pyenoclinc (38 g [marine snow dry wt] m^-2 d^-1) the potential ecological significance of these macro-aggregates for the pelagic system of the Gulf of Trieste is discussed.     

Recovery of polluted ecosystems: the case for long-term studies

Recovery of marine ecosystems from pollution has tended to receive less attention than the study of new or continuing impacts, but such studies are important in charting recovery from acute incidents and following legislation to deal with chronic contamination. Recovery is inevitably a long-term process, and where such studies have been made they are often too short-lived. Interest quickly wanes following an acute incident and governmental bodies rapidly switch to new legislative priorities for chronic inputs. We review three case studies: recovery of dogwhelk populations after local extinction by tributyl tin leachates from anti-fouling paints; recovery of rocky shore communities from oil spills; and recovery of estuarine ecosystems from industrial and urban development. We then make some generalisations about recovery processes before making a plea for long-term studies of polluted areas.     

基因方法在海洋预报中的应用

基因方法是模拟生物进化规律的工程模型参数全局最估化估计方法，具有并行随机自适应寻优的独特功能，它不限制模型结构形式，最优化准则形式、被估参数数目，有无约束，已开始广泛用于各种模型的参数识别之中，文中对基因方法作初步探讨并提出加速基因方法，在海洋预报模型参数优化估计中得到成功应用。