The organizational paradox in advertising and the reconfiguration of project cooperation

In recent literature, projects are mostly seen as an efficient form of organization which is particularly suited for mastering tasks of high complexity and creativity and adapting to changing economic and institutional conditions. This paper challenges the assumption that inter-firm projects are persistent organizational arrangements of production in the advertising industry and presents a novel argument about the potential threats to forms of project organization in crisis situations. By exploring the cases of Frankfurt/Main and Leipzig (East Germany), we show that the organization of production is substantially affected by periods of economic crisis or political transformation. We demonstrate that inter-firm projects might be replaced by more durable organizational configurations or might not be viewed as viable options in situations of severe rupture. This applies particularly to the cooperative arrangements in the creative process and leads to an organizational paradox. Although creativity is often a pivotal force to gain competitive advantage, the advertising agencies respond to the challenges of crises by reducing cooperation with external partners to a minimum and sometimes fully rely on in-house personnel. This threatens the potential of the respective firms to develop innovative and creative ideas which would enable the firms to acquire new customers and market segments. Instead of trying to overcome crises by focusing on their creative capabilities, many advertising agencies develop a cost-cutting strategy and rely on more durable network-forms of organization instead of inter-firm projects.     

准噶尔盆地西缘车排子地区油气成藏的主控因素

钻探结果表明,准西车排子地区油藏具有"上稀下稠、南稀北稠"的油藏分布特征,成藏条件复杂,该区油藏是典型的它源型油气藏,油气来源于东部的昌吉凹陷及南部的四棵树凹陷.通过对已钻探井的系统分析发现,以P2、P8井为代表的新近系沙湾组稀油油藏均分布于滨浅湖相的滩坝砂岩中,油藏明显受沉积相的控制,此外,该区成藏还受输导体系以及油气优势运移路径的控制,这3方面的因素构成了该区油气成藏的主控因素.通过对车排子地区油气成藏主控因素的研究,以期对该区的油气勘探有所裨益,提高勘探的经济效益.     

滇西高黎贡断裂带糜棱岩的显微变形特征及其构造意义

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、超高压透射电镜(HTEM)及电子探针等手段研究了主高黎贡断裂带糜棱岩的显微构造特征,提出长石经历了碎粒流动和部分固态塑性流变过程;而石英晶粒经历了动态重结晶和静态回复阶段。认为高黎贡剪切带是在相当于高绿片岩相—低角闪岩相的变质条件下形成的,是晚第三纪右旋走滑活动的产物。     

Fabric controls on strain accommodation in naturally deformed mylonites: The influence of interconnected micaceous layers

We present microstructural analyses demonstrating how the geometrical distribution and interconnectivity of mica influences quartz crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) development in naturally deformed rocks. We use a polymineralic (Qtz + Pl + Kfs + Bt + Ms ± Grt ± Tur) mylonite from the Zanskar Shear Zone, a section of the South Tibetan Detachment (NW Himalaya), to demonstrate how quartz CPO intensity decreases from quartz-dominated domains to micaceous domains, independently of whether or not quartz grains are pinned by mica grains. We then use a bimineralic (Qtz + Ms) mylonite from the Main Central Thrust (NW Himalaya) to show how increasing mica grain connectivity is concomitant with a systematic weakening of quartz CPO. Our results draw distinctions between CPO weakening due to: (i) second phase drag, leading to ineffective recovery in quartz; and (ii) increased transmission and localisation of strain between interconnected mica grains. In the latter case, well-connected micaceous layers take up most of the strain, weakening the rock and preventing straining of the stronger quartz matrix. Our findings suggest that rock weakening in quartz-rich crustal rocks is influenced not only by the presence of mica-rich layers but also the degree of mica grain connectivity, which allows for more effective strain localization through the entire rock mass.     

贺兰山群层序及主变形期褶皱构造探讨

本文对贺兰山群由下到上划分为阿楞呼都格变粒岩组、柳树沟片麻岩组和秃鲁根钙硅酸粒岩－大理岩组。主变形期的构造事件为在南倾的北东东向倒转复式褶皱上发育着与其平行的区域性轴面面理、线理和逆冲型同变质韧性剪切带，其中又以塔什沟－柳树沟复背形和秃鲁根向形最具代表性。     

安徽省庐枞地区地球物理场分布特征与铀矿化的关系

庐枞地区重磁场特征,能够较好地反映区域地质背景和主要构造格架。1—4号航磁场区分别反映了沉积岩、火山岩、二长岩带和碱性正长岩带,而2—4号航磁场区又和本区3条成矿亚带相对应。中低重磁场区及其变异部位和中高辐射场梯度带是铀矿化产出的有利部位。     

场,源前兆的判别—λ型在地震预报中的应用前景

面对复杂的前兆场,进行场、源区分,确定未来大震位置,一直是地震预报中的难点之一。文献[1]首先提出统计物理学中描述系统演化的序参量的整个历程图λ型与大震由孕震、发震和震后的前兆后效过程曲线相类似。λ型的尖锋处相应于临界点或大震发生,尖锋前为对数曲线,尖锋后为急剧下降。根据模拟实验大震震例,进一步研究了λ型与震中距的关系,证明了λ型只有在源区和近源区出现,源外区和远源区λ型将发生畸变,因而提出了λ型和非λ型是判断源、场区前兆的重要指标。最后对λ型产生的物理机制进行了初步讨论。     

主磁场梯度的空间分布和长期变化特征

根据GUFM1和IGRF11模型,计算1590—2010年主磁场总强度F、水平分量H和磁倾角I三个要素的水平梯度和垂直梯度,分析了它们的空间分布和长期变化特点.结果表明:F和H的垂直梯度与其磁场的空间分布类似,水平方向的梯度以及磁倾角I在3个方向的梯度都与其磁场分布有明显差异.H的3个方向的梯度分布清楚地指示出南磁极的位置.梯度的长期变化表明,北半球磁场梯度漂移缓慢,南半球磁场梯度变化较快.磁倾角的垂直梯度显示,中太平洋负异常周围的正异常在围绕该负异常旋转.近赤道的梯度异常带在60°W附近的转折是由印度洋异常向非洲方向移动所致.     

北大别变质带高温变质作用的证据和时限：龚家岭地区刚玉片麻岩及其围岩的记录

长期以来,大别造山带的超高压变质作用一直是研究的热点,而有关该造山带的高温或超高温变质作用的研究则相对有限,且主要集中于北大别变质带中残存的特征性岩石——榴辉岩和变基性岩,对于普遍发育的长英质和泥质片麻岩的变质属性和时限则极少涉及,制约了人们对该造山带形成与演化过程的充分解读。为此,本次研究以北大别龚家岭地区广泛出露的刚玉片麻岩和含辉石花岗闪长片麻岩、黑云角闪斜长片麻岩为研究对象,展开了详细的野外调查、岩相学、矿物化学分析、热力学评价和年代学研究。研究显示,这些片麻岩经历了麻粒岩相、角闪岩相和绿片岩相3个阶段的变质作用,温压条件分别为：①T = 724 ℃~762 ℃和P = 0.3~0.4 GPa;②T = 586 ℃~595 ℃和P = 0.3~0.4 GPa;③T = 382 ℃~395 ℃和P = 0.1~0.3 GPa,总体显示了近等压降温的特征。其中条件①基本达到了高温变质作用范畴,为北大别变质带中普遍发育的片麻岩的主期变质条件。锆石U‑Pb定年结果显示,刚玉片麻岩具Group‑Ⅰ和Group‑Ⅱ两组锆石年龄,分别为709±19 Ma~677±19 Ma和207±2 Ma。含辉石花岗闪长片麻岩则记录了Group‑Ⅰ、Group‑Ⅱ和Group‑Ⅲ等3组锆石年龄,分别为602±23 Ma~237±11 Ma、217±4 Ma和192±5 Ma。结合锆石CL图和Th/U比值分析,这两个片麻岩的Group‑Ⅰ组锆石Th/U比均大于0.1(多数＞0.4),均为岩浆继承锆石,该年龄反映了早期多岩浆事件。Group‑Ⅱ组锆石的Th/U比均＜0.1,显示了变质成因特征,其217~207 Ma年龄对应于主期麻粒岩相变质时限。Group‑Ⅲ组锆石的Th/U比均＜0.1,表现变质增生特征,其192 Ma年龄相当于角闪岩相变质时限。本次研究表明北大别变质带主体经历了浅层次的高温变质作用,缺乏高温超高压变质的“记录”。