双高期油藏层内非均质对剩余油的影响及分析

针对辽河油田J16块油层厚度大,层内非均质严重的特点,通过地震精细解释,细分韵律段,构建等时地层格架,精细刻画了单砂体内部构架,研究表明,纵向剩余油集中在反韵律厚层的顶部,主要受上部隔层、下部夹层及重力影响.2008年挖潜井在厚层顶部投产取得了较好的效果,说明对于双高期油藏层内非均质对剩余油的分布具有控制作用,这对进一步挖掘老区油藏潜力,提高采收率都具有很重要的意义.     

The iron emission line complex of MCG‐5‐23‐16: the long XMMNewton look

We present the results of the simultaneous XMM‐Newton and Chandra observations of the bright Seyfert 1.9 galaxy MCG–5‐23‐16, which is one of the best known examples of a relativistically broadened iron Kα line. We find that: a) the soft X‐ray emission is likely to be dominated by photoionized gas, b) the complex iron emission line is best modelled with a narrow and a broad component with a FWHM ∼44000 km/s. This latter component has an EW ∼50 eV and its profile is well described with an emission line mainly originating from the accretion disk a few tens of gravitational radii from the central black hole and viewed with an inclination angle ∼40°. We found evidence of a possible sporadic absorption line at ∼7.7 keV which, if associated with Fe XXVI Kα resonance absorption, is indicative of a possible high velocity (v ∼ 0.1c) outflow. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Argos卫星发射平台研究与Argos通讯系统应用

目前Argos卫星通讯系统在国际上得到越来越广泛的应用。要使Argos系统这样的国外先进技术手段真正为我所用,必须掌握Argos系统发射机终端的使用技术。文中结合“十五”863计划“极区卫星跟踪水文气象要素探测技术”(简称“极区浮标”)工程样机研制过程,对Argos通讯技术研究情况及实际应用情况做一简介。     

石英粉尘激活TLR4信号通路诱导气道炎症反应的机制研究

为了探索大气颗粒物中石英粉尘诱导气道炎症反应的分子机制,采用XRD对石英粉尘进行了物相分析,并以支气管上皮细胞作为染毒对象,将石英粉尘作用于细胞24 h后,CCK-8检测细胞存活率,ELISA检测培养上清液中的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的浓度,Western Blot检测TLR4的表达,使用Toll样受体4特异性抑制剂TAK 242预处理后检测IL-6、IL-8、TLR4水平。实验结果显示,石英粉尘的主要物相是石英,并含部分方解石;随着石英粉尘染毒浓度的增加,细胞相对存活率下降;与对照组相比,100μg/mL组上清液中IL-6与IL-8浓度显著增加(P<0.01);50、75和100μg/mL组的高水平IL-6和IL-8可被TAK 242拮抗,使用TAK 242预处理后,100μg/mL组IL-6、IL-8浓度显著降低(P<0.01);TLR4的表达量随石英粉尘浓度增加而升高,且TAK 242的干预可以有效阻止TLR4通路的活化。研究结果表明,石英粉尘可以刺激支气管上皮细胞分泌高浓度的炎症因子,其机制可能是TLR4信号通路的活化。     

基于多尺度统计样本的天山山区MOD10A1分类精度评价

以2007年5月15号晴空状态下获取的天山地区MOD10A1积雪遥感影像和Landsat-5 TM数据为基础,通过SNOMAP算法提取基于Landsat-5 TM数据的天山山区积雪分类图(30 m×30 m)。将MOD10A1数据与Landsat-5 TM积雪分类图进行对比分析,并分别在50像元×50像元、10像元×10像元和3像元×3像元统计样本尺度上对其进行定量的质量评价。结果表明:随着统计空间尺度的减小,晴空状态下MOD10A1积雪产品的分类精度有降低趋势,上述不同统计尺度上的分类精度分别为0.94、0.87与0.80,说明受空间分辨率的限制,MOD10A1积雪产品的应用存在有效尺度及最优尺度的问题;同时,在上述不同统计尺度上各代表性样方的精度值间的方差呈增大趋势,分别为0.032、0.074与0.135,说明误差增大的同时,MOD10A1数据质量的稳定性在下降。     

2016年衡水冀16井水位变化分析

衡水冀16井水位2016年经常出现有规律的大幅度异常波动变化,具有小幅下降—持续上升—小幅上升—持续下降变化形态,日变最大幅度0.73 m。通过现场核实,发现观测仪器工作正常,附近鱼场地下水开采量增加。增加辅助观测仪器同井对比水位观测,并对鱼场2口冷水井进行抽水试验,分析衡水冀16井水位异常变化原因。结果显示,衡水冀16井水位大幅波动异常变化可能因冷水井1抽水所致,冷水井2无影响。     

Groundwater pollution containing ammonium,iron and manganese in a riverbank filtration system: Effects of dynamic geochemical conditions and microbial responses

Bench-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of hydraulic loadings and influent concentration on the migration and biotransformation behaviour of three groundwater pollutants: ammonium (NH₄⁺), iron (Fe²⁺) and manganese (Mn²⁺). Columns packed with aquifer media collected from a riverbank filtration (RBF) site in Harbin City, NE China were introduced synthetic groundwater (SGW) or real groundwater (RGW) were at two different constant flow rates and initial contaminant concentrations to determine the impact of system conditions on the fate of the target pollutants biotransformation. The results showed that the biotransformation rate of Fe²⁺ Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ decreased by 8%, 39% and 15% under high flow rate (50 L d⁻¹) compared to low flow rate (25 L d⁻¹), which was consistent with the residence-time effect. While the biotransformation rate of Fe²⁺ Mn²⁺ and NH₄⁺ decreased by 7%, 14% and 9% under high influent concentration comparing with original groundwater. The 16S rRNA analysis of the aquifer media at different depths after experiments completion demonstrated that the relative abundance of major functional microbes iron-oxidizing bacteria and manganese-oxidizing bacteria under higher flow rate and higher influent concentration decreased 13%, 14% and 25%, 24%, respectively, whereas the ammonium-oxidizing bacteria and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria exhibited minimal change, compared to the lower flow rate. Above all results indicated that both high flow rate and high concentration inhibit the biotransformation of NH₄⁺, Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺. The biotransformation of Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺ occurs primarily in the 0–40 cm and 20–60 cm depth intervals, respectively, whereas the NH₄⁺ biotransformation appears to occur relatively uniformly throughout the whole 110 cm column. The biotransformation kinetics of NH₄⁺ in RGW and SGW, Mn²⁺ in RGW at different depths accords with the first order kinetics model, while Fe²⁺ in RGW and SGW, Mn²⁺ in SGW presented more complicated biotransformation process. The results should improve understanding of the transport and fate of common groundwater pollutants in RBF and other groundwater recharge environments.     

南海东沙深海冷泉区973-5重力柱沉积物古菌多样性

中国南海东沙一带冷泉发育,但目前国内外对深海冷泉区微生物研究甚少,特别是缺乏利用高通量测序的记录。对东沙深海冷泉区973-5站位(该站位水深约3 000 m)长约935 cm的重力岩心进行了高通量分析。结果显示:该站位微生物细胞丰度为5.3×10⁸～34.0×10⁸个/g,随深度变深而增加,其变化趋势与甲烷含量变化可对比,与粒度、有机碳的变化也具有相关性。测序结果显示,岩心中主要古菌类群是MBGB(39.9%)、C3(15.8%)以及ANME-1(12.0%),随着深度的变化群落组成有所改变。硫酸盐-甲烷界面(SMI,760 cm)上下出现了大量的MBGB和ANME-1类群,pH也不断增加,暗示了这一区域存在不断增强的甲烷厌氧氧化作用。岩心底部出现了一定量的ANME-1和ANME-2类群,暗示除了在SMI附近甲烷氧化和硫酸盐还原反应强烈,其下部可能还有水合物的分解与甲烷的上涌,为ANME类群生存提供了营养物质。与东沙海区其他站位相比,973-5站位的甲烷通量较高,但没有发现产甲烷菌,推测该区沉积物中高浓度的甲烷来源为周边浅部或深部断裂系统运移...     

承德地区两温泉中古细菌基因型多样性分析

通过构建16S rDNA克隆文库,对承德地区两个不同温度的温泉中古细菌的基因型多样性进行了分子生态学研究。结果表明:山湾子温泉(A12)74.5℃热水中的古细菌主要分属泉古菌门(Crenarchaeota)和广古菌门(Euryarchaeota)两个门;七家温泉(A14)61.4℃热水中的古细菌则只属于泉古菌门,没有广古菌门微生物的分布。样品A12中的古细菌序列只可分为3种基因型,而A14中的古细菌序列可分为10种基因型。古细菌多样性的差异表明,温度是影响温泉中古细菌多样性水平的重要因素。样品A12中古细菌群落具有厌氧发酵乙酸产甲烷的生理功能,而A14中大多数古细菌均与氨氧化古菌有密切的亲缘关系,其主要生理功能为好氧氨氧化。