北沿江高速K19+020～K19+164段滑坡稳定性分析与评价

北沿江高速为新建高速公路,K19＋020～K19＋164段由于土方开挖形成了高而陡的碎石土质边坡,2012年11月由于连续降雨,K19＋020～K19＋164段右侧出现滑坡。滑坡的治理要求对其进行稳定性分析与评价,为滑坡治理设计提供岩土工程参数。     

重庆市巫山县环湖路建设对淀粉厂滑坡影响的研究

重庆市巫山县环湖路地质条件十分复杂,沿线经过十几个地质灾害单元体。环湖路经过淀粉厂滑坡区时,以半挖半填的方式经过。环湖路建设对原滑坡体的稳定性影响进行重新评价计算,认为原设计方案不能满足要求,对原方案进行修改设计,完成淀粉厂滑坡的施工治理的环湖路的建设,实现了淀粉厂滑坡和环湖路工程建设的安全稳定。     

甘肃永靖黑方台地区灌溉诱发作用与黄土滑坡响应

黑方台地区自灌溉以来,诱发了大量的滑坡,但缺乏系统地对研究区的滑坡历史分析研究 在黑方台滑坡历史分析的基础上,研究灌溉引起的地下水位上升过程与滑坡的历史关系,对比分析不同时期的地下水位对滑坡稳定性、滑坡体积及后壁垮塌速度的影响.历史数据分析表明,灌溉引起的水位上升与滑坡发生的频率、体积存在明显的相关性,选取的典型滑坡稳定性计算结果显示滑坡具有多期逐级后退式特征,随着灌溉时间的增长,滑坡体积逐渐减小,但发生频率逐渐增大,基于DEM数据计算的滑坡变形也验证了计算结果.研究成果基本反演了灌溉引起的黄土滑坡历史过程,对黑方台滑坡的综合治理提供了数据支撑.     

工程开挖活动诱发堆积层滑坡变形机理及加固效果分析

位于川西高原雅砻江两河口水电站库区的杜米村移民安置点由于切坡建房,诱发后山斜坡强烈变形,威胁移民安置点和S220省道安全。首先,基于现场调查、测绘、钻探、槽探等勘查手段,查明了滑坡发育的工程地质条件和变形特征;通过对滑体和滑带土开展室内直剪、反复剪试验,以及对滑床基岩进行抗压强度试验,结合反分析,合理确定了滑坡稳定性计算参数。然后,采用有限元程序Phase2建立滑坡数值计算模型,模拟再现了滑坡在开挖前、开挖后、降雨后的应力、变形特征和稳定性变化过程,在此基础上分析了滑坡的变形机理。研究认为：不良的地形地貌、地质结构和地下水是滑坡发生的内在因素,坡脚开挖是滑坡变形启动的诱发因素,后期持续降雨入渗是滑坡变形加剧直至失稳破坏的直接因素;开挖导致滑体前缘抗滑力降低、滑带和开挖边坡坡脚产生剪应力集中是滑坡变形启动的力学机制,而饱水和持续剪切变形导致滑带土强度不断衰减接近饱和残余状态是滑坡变形加剧的本质原因;滑坡的变形破坏模式为牵引式蠕滑-拉裂。最后,采用有限元强度折减法对加固治理后的滑坡稳定性进行了计算分析。结果表明：天然条件下滑坡变形主要出现在桩后填土,降雨条件下变形范围扩大至强变形区,地震条件下变形范围进一步扩大至整个滑坡范围;三种工况下滑坡的稳定系数均能达到设计要求,表明加固设计方案和工程结构参数是合理的。研究成果可为类似滑坡工程案例的机理研究及防治提供参考。     

北祁连东段及其邻区地震滑坡的基本特征和危险区预测

本文根据野外调查和航片解译，研究了北祁连东段及其邻区地震滑坡的基本特征和形成条件，探讨了地震滑坡的动力机制，并在本区使用多因素模糊数学综合评判方法预测滑坡危险区。     

混合井排水法在滑坡治理中的数值分析——以宝鸡簸箕山滑坡为例

本文将混合井的概念引入滑坡治理的方案中,通过利用混合井排水降低滑坡体内的地下水位,提高滑坡的稳定性.文中提出了混合井排水在滑坡治理中的适用条件,并以宝鸡簸箕山滑坡为例,在软件Modelflow中建立三维模型进行数值模拟,提出了在滑坡治理中的混合井排水的优化方案.     

Basal‐topographic control of stationary ponds on a continuously moving landslide

The Slumgullion landslide in the San Juan Mountains of southwestern Colorado has been moving for at least the last few hundred years and has multiple ponds on its surface. We have studied eight ponds during 30 trips to the landslide between July 1998 and July 2007. During each trip, we have made observations on the variability in pond locations and water levels, taken ground‐based photographs to document pond water with respect to moving landslide material and vegetation, conducted Global Positioning System surveys of the elevations of water levels and mapped pond sediments on the landslide surface. Additionally, we have used stereo aerial photographs taken in October 1939, October 1940 and July 2000 to measure topographic profiles of the eight pond locations, as well as a longitudinal profile along the approximate centerline of the landslide, to examine topographic changes over a 60‐ to 61‐year period of time. Results from field observations, analyses of photographs, mapping and measurements indicate that all pond locations have remained spatially stationary for 60–300 years while landslide material moves through these locations. Water levels during the observation period were sensitive to changes in the local, spring‐fed, stream network, and to periodic filling of pond locations by sediment from floods, hyperconcentrated flows, mud flows and debris flows. For pond locations to remain stationary, the locations must mimic depressions along the basal surface of the landslide. The existence of such depressions indicates that the topography of the basal landslide surface is irregular. These results suggest that, for translational landslides that have moved distances larger than the dimensions of the largest basal topographic irregularities (about 200 m at Slumgullion), landslide surface morphology can be used as a guide to the morphology of the basal slip surface. Because basal slip surface morphology can affect landslide stability, kinematic models and stability analyses of translational landslides should attempt to incorporate irregular basal surface topography. Additional implications for moving landslides where basal topography controls surface morphology include the following: dateable sediments or organic material from basal layers of stationary ponds will yield ages that are younger than the date of landslide initiation, and it is probable that other landslide surface features such as faults, streams, springs and sinks are also controlled by basal topography. The longitudinal topographic profile indicated that the upper part of the Slumgullion landslide was depleted at a mean vertical lowering rate of 5.6 cm/yr between 1939 and 2000, while the toe advanced at an average rate of 1.5 m/yr during the same period. Therefore, during this 61‐year period, neither the depletion of material at the head of the landslide nor continued growth of the landslide toe has decreased the overall movement rate of the landslide. Continued depletion of the upper part of the landslide, and growth of the toe, should eventually result in stabilization of the landslide. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Evidence for repeated re‐activation of old landslides under forest

Local reactivations of landslides in forests are rarely reported in landslide catalogues. The occurrence of hillslope sections with fresh morphological landslide features in forested old, deep‐seated landslides, however, suggests that landslide reactivations are not restricted to residential areas. In this study, a dendrogeomorphological analysis of beech stands was used to investigate the periods of reactivation of a deep‐seated rotational slide in the Koppenberg forest (Flemish Ardennes, Belgium). The relation to rainfall and the correspondence to landslide reactivations reported in a nearby built‐up area were also analysed. A dendrometrical study preceding the dendrochronological analysis proved that, compared with the nearby reference site, trees on the Koppenberg forest landslide site were significantly more inclined and showed more knees, indicating that the landslide site has not stabilized yet. As the sampled trees are younger than the landslide, dendrochronology did not allow determination of the year in which the landslide was initiated, but analysis of two different tree ring width parameters (i.e. ring eccentricity and growth change) calculated for trees sampled on the Koppenberg landslide and the reference site proved to be of great help in determining the temporal sequence of landslide reactivation. During the past 80 years, several periods indicative of local reactivations (i.e. 1943–1945, 1949–1952, 1967–1970, 1972–1977, 1979–1981, 1988–1997) were found within the investigated landslide, but delineation of the spatial extent of the reactivations during these indicative periods was not straightforward. These periods generally correspond to years with above‐average rainfall. Finally, the fact that at least 34% of the years indicative of reactivation of the Koppenberg forest landslide correspond to a year in which a landslide reactivation was reported in the Flemish Ardennes suggests that in built‐up areas, apart from anthropogenic interventions, natural triggering factors remain very important. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.