铁路岩质边坡的RQD研究

以宝成铁路略阳站前后一段铁路工程边坡为例,采用蒙特卡洛原理和方法,计算模拟铁路边结构面概率参数,利用统计结果估算边坡岩体的岩石质量指标ＲＱＤ,提出方向ＲＱＤ的概念,初探方向ＲＱＤ值在铁路工程边坡中的应用及铁路开挖工程活动与自然地质环境间的相互影响。     

An organizational model and border port hinterlands for the China-Europe Railway Express

Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The “China-Europe Railway Express” (CER Express) mode of transport organization links China with Europe by fast-track cargo rail. A major instance of facilities connectivity related to this project is an important practical and symbolic instance of BRI transport cooperation. The strategic significance of the CER Express and a number of operational issues are outlined, as are the implications of limited market potential for costs and competitiveness. A “hub-and-spoke” organizational model that can generate scale economies and reduce costs is proposed. To examine the establishment of an organizational model of this kind, the economic hinterlands of Alashankou, Erenhot, and Manzhouli are identified under high-, mediumand low-cost scenarios using an analytical methodology that determines distance and economic costs, and a number of transport hubs (that include Harbin, Zhengzhou, and Lanzhou) are identified. The results found that the cost of the routes from 314 Chinese cities to Moscow is the lowest via Manzhouli in the high- and medium-cost scenarios, but the routes change via Erenhot in the low-cost scenario. A number of policy recommendations should follow up.     

多年冻土地区路堤路堑过渡方式试验研究

提出了多年冻土地区路堤、路堑过渡段的结构形式: 为保护路基下面多年冻土,在整个过渡段在暖季到来之前铺设保温材料;为了减少地表水的影响,在路肩线以下设置了复合土工膜防渗层;为了保证过渡段低于临界高度部分路基的稳定,对基底进行了换填; 为了增加稳定性,在开挖地段设置了台阶并开展了现场实体试验.对采用此过渡形式的青藏铁路北麓河路堤路堑过渡段进行了现场观测和分析,验证了其适应性.     

PROMOTIONAL IMAGERY OF GLACIER NATIONAL PARK*

ABSTRACT. The Great Northern Railway vigorously encouraged visitation to Glacier National Park between 1911 and 1930. We reconstruct the railway's promotional imagery of Glacier through an assessment of 796 photographs used by the company to publicize park landscapes and activities. Seven themes in the photographs—Native Americans, scenery, recreation, wildlife, the Wild West, park management, and personalities—reveal a useful portrait of how Glacier National Park was marketed with images of the American West mass distributed for decades by one of the nation's most influential corporations.     

高原铁路水平定向试验孔施工概况和关键技术

川藏铁路地处高原高寒高山峡谷地区,铁路隧道勘察十分艰难。开展了千米级水平绳索取心钻进技术与装备研发,在川藏铁路卡子拉山一号隧道DZ-卡子拉山一号-定向实验-01孔进行应用示范。成功完成1212 m水平定向试验钻孔,查明陡倾岩层3条断层和19处节理密集带,方位角偏差≤1°,孔斜0.76°/100 m,机械钻速3.09 m/h,台月效率350.29 m,创造国内水平绳索钻杆PQ、HQ深度588 m和974 m两项最新记录。攻克难进入地区钻孔无法搬迁和查明混杂陡倾岩层构造的难题,突破过去垂直“点”勘察变为水平“线”勘察,直观查明隧道洞身段地层岩性、陡倾岩层构造、水文地质条件等情况,为解决高原铁路长大深埋隧道勘察难题提供了借鉴,具有示范与推广作用。     

Prevention and management of wind-blown sand damage along Qinghai-Tibet Railway in Cuonahu Lake area

This paper analyzes the characteristics of climate, geology and geomorphology, vegetation, and sand dune distribution in the Cuonahu Lake area beside the Qinghai-Tibet Railway. The types and causes of railway blown-sand hazards are discussed, and the effectiveness of various sand-controlling measures is assessed. From the perspective of integrated management, a sand-controlling system that combines several engineering measures, including nylon net sand barriers, concrete sand barriers, movable-board sand barriers, sand interception ditches, gravel/rock cover, film sandbags, and permanent vegetation is most beneficial.     

我国既有铁路航测技术及应用

根据我国既有铁路测量状况,阐述既有铁路航测的作业流程,技术特点,以及其测量成果的应用。     

前苏联铁路网的形成、发展和布局

前苏联是世界上铁路运输利用率最高的国家。本文从其铁路发展的背景条件出发，分析了铁路成为前苏联最主要运输方式的原因，并进一步探讨了前苏联铁路网的建设、发展和分布特点，对我国正在进行的大规模铁路建设有一定借鉴意义。     

提升铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理能力的思考

多数铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理存在着观念落后、配套措施不到位、未充分发挥促进员工发展的作用等问题。为进一步提升铁路勘察设计企业绩效管理能力，本文提出了树立以企业战略为导向的绩效管理观念、坚持“以人为本”的绩效管理理念、建立科学的绩效管理体系、差异化设定考核指标、兼顾财务指标和非财务指标等对策建议。     

网络地理信息系统研究*

网络地理信息系统(WebGIS)是近年来地理信息系统发展的方向之一.文中在分析网络地理信息系统内涵和功能的基础上,认为地理数据的空间可视化和空间分析是网络地理信息系统的重要特点.为此提出基于元数据的网络地理信息系统代理服务器的概念,并探讨了在JAVA平台上实现的一些技术问题.最后以京九沿线投资环境网络评估信息系统原型为例,给出了网络地理信息系统一个具体应用实例,实现了网络环境下地理模型分析功能.